Mallikarjuna Jyotirlinga

Mallikarjuna Swamy Temple or Srisailam Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to the deities Shiva and Parvati, located at Srisailam in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is significant to the Hindu sects of both Shaivism and Shaktism as this temple is referred to as one of the twelve Jyotirlingas of Shiva and as one of the eighteen Shakti pithas, centres of the Hindu goddess. Shiva is worshiped as Mallikarjuna and is represented by the ''lingam''. His consort Parvati is depicted as Bhramaramba.

Legend

When Shiva and Parvati decided to find suitable brides for their sons. Shiva got Riddhi (intellect) and Siddhi (spiritual power) married to Ganesha. Kartikeya on his return was enraged and went away to stay alone on Mount Krauncha in Palani in the name of ''Kumara brahmachari''. On seeing his father coming over to pacify him, he tried to move to another place, but on the request of the Devas, stayed close by. The place where Shiva and Parvati stayed came to be known as Srisailam.

According to Hindu legend, the presiding deity in the form of Linga (an iconic form of Shiva) was worshipped with jasmine (locally called in Telugu as ''Mallika''), leading to the name Mallikarjuna.

History

There are inscriptional evidence from the Satavahana dynasty which place the temple to be existent from the 2nd century. Most modern additions were done during the time of king Harihara I of Vijayanagara Empire (14th and 15th centuries). The veerasheromandapam and paathalaganga steps was constructed during the time of Vhanni Reddi Kingdom (12th and 13th centuries). The reddi dynasty were committed devotees of Sri Bhramarambha Mallikarjuna Swamy.

Architecture

The temple complex covers two hectares and houses four gateway towers known as '' gopurams''. The temple has numerous shrines, with those of Mallikarjuna and Bhramaramba being the most prominent. The temple complex houses many halls; the most notable is the Mukha Mandapa built during the Vijayanagar period.
The temple is situated facing east. The center mandapam has several pillars, with a huge idol of Nadikeshwara. The temple is enclosed by tall walls measuring by and tall. There are a number of sculptures in the precinct each rising above another. The Mukamandapa, the hall leading to the sanctum, has intricately sculpted pillars. The shrine where Mallikarjuna is housed is considered the oldest in the temple, dating back to the 7th century. There is a Sahasra linga (1000 linga), believed to have been commissioned by Rama and five other lingams believed to have been commissioned by Pandavas. A mirror hall in the first precinct has images of Nataraja.

Administration

The temple is maintained and administered by government of Andhra Pradesh.

The nearest railway station are Markapur is 85 km, Nandyal and Kurnool are the places the distance is 180 km. The most convenient way is to take a bus or taxi from Hyderabad. Temple committee cottages and dharamshalas are available here.
Some known sadan are Mallikaarjun Sadan, Ganga Sadan, Gawri Sadan, Yadava Sathram, Reddy Satram, Velama Satram, Shri Krishna Devaraya Kapu Satram and More. For the Satrams, Non-Ac Room have a range of 500–900 and AC rooms are available between 1000 and 1500.

Religious significance

Shiva in this temple is referred to as one of the twelve Jyotirlingas. Goddess Bramarambha's shrine is referred to as one of the fifty-two Shakti peethas. This temple is classified as one of the Paadal Petra Sthalam.

On the way to the main temple is located Shikhareshwaram temple. It is said that by having darshan in the temple one does not get rebirth.

Krishna River here is called Patal Ganga. One has to go down 852 stairs to reach the river. The Shiva Linga is bathed with the water of this river.

Jyotirlinga

As per Siva Mahapuranam, once Brahma (the Hindu God of creation) and Vishnu (the Hindu God of preservation) had an argument in terms of supremacy of creation.R. 2003, pp. 92–95 To test them, Shiva pierced the three worlds as a huge endless pillar of light, the ''jyotirlinga''. Vishnu and Brahma split their ways to downwards and upwards respectively to find the end of the light in either directions. Brahma lied that he found out the end, while Vishnu conceded his defeat. Shiva appeared as a second pillar of light and cursed Brahma that he would have no place in ceremonies while Vishnu would be worshipped till the end of eternity. The ''jyotirlinga'' is the supreme partless reality, out of which Shiva partly appears. The '' jyotirlinga'' shrines, thus are places where Shiva appeared as a fiery column of light.See: Gwynne 2008, Section on Char Dham Originally there were believed to be 64 ''jyotirlingas'' while 12 of them are considered to be very auspicious and holy. Each of the twelve ''jyotirlinga'' sites take the name of the presiding deity – each considered different manifestation of Shiva.Lochtefeld 2002, pp. 324–325 At all these sites, the primary image is ''lingam'' representing the beginningless and endless '' Stambha'' pillar, symbolizing the infinite nature of Shiva.Harding 1998, pp. 158–158Vivekananda Vol. 4 The twelve ''jyotirlinga'' are Somnath at Veraval in Gujarat, Mallikarjuna at Srisailam in Andhra Pradesh, Mahakaleswar at Ujjain in Madhya Pradesh, Omkareshwar in Madhya Pradesh, Kedarnath in Uttarakhand, Bhimashankar in Maharashtra, Viswanath at Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh, Triambakeshwar in Maharashtra, Baidyanath at Deoghar district in Jharkhand, Nagnath at Dwarka in Gujarat, Rameshwar at Rameswaram in Tamil Nadu and Grishneshwar at Ch.Sambhajinagar in Maharashtra.Chaturvedi 2006, pp. 58–72

Shakti Pitha

Srisailam Sri Mallikarjuna Swamy Temple is one of the 18 Maha Shakti Pitha. Goddess Bhramari or Bhramaramba( bhramaramika) is the residing goddess.''The legend of Daksha Yaga and Sati's self-immolation'' resulted in the emergence of Sri Parvati in the place of Sati Devi and making Shiva a householder. This mythology is the story behind the origin of Shakti Pithas. They are holy abodes of Adiparashakti formed due to the falling of Sati Devi's corpse when Shiva carried it and wandered. It is believed that Sati Devi's Upper lip has fallen here.

Connectivity

Srisailam Sri Mallikarjuna Swamy Temple is located around 180 kilometers from the Kurnool district headquarters, and 213 kilometers from Hyderabad. Pilgrims coming by train would need to alight at the railway station in either Markapur or Tarlupadu. These stations are between 2 and 2.5 hours by road. The Kacheguda-Guntur passenger passes through the Giddalur railway station that is 139 kilometers from the temple.

Nearest Railway Station: Markapur

Nearest Airport: Kurnool, Hyderabad

Citations

References

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{{Shaivism, state=collapsed

Jyotirlingas
Hindu temples in Kurnool district
Archaeological sites in Andhra Pradesh
Shakta pithas
Shiva temples in Andhra Pradesh
Shaivism