Magadan Nature Reserve
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Magadan Nature Reserve () (also Magadansky) is a Russian
zapovednik A zapovednik is an established term on the Post-Soviet states, territory of the former Soviet Union for a protected area which is kept "forever wild". It is the highest degree of environmental protection for the assigned areas, which are strictly ...
(strict nature reserve) located in four different sectors across the Magadan region of the
Russian Far East The Russian Far East ( rus, Дальний Восток России, p=ˈdalʲnʲɪj vɐˈstok rɐˈsʲiɪ) is a region in North Asia. It is the easternmost part of Russia and the Asia, Asian continent, and is coextensive with the Far Easte ...
, including the northern shore of the
Sea of Okhotsk The Sea of Okhotsk; Historically also known as , or as ; ) is a marginal sea of the western Pacific Ocean. It is located between Russia's Kamchatka Peninsula on the east, the Kuril Islands on the southeast, Japan's island of Hokkaido on the sou ...
. All sites are far away from each other, have different climates, topography, flora and fauna, and no settlements or transportation routes. On the streams of the territory are some of the largest undisturbed spawning sites of the chum and
coho salmon The coho salmon (''Oncorhynchus kisutch;'' Karuk: achvuun) is a species of anadromous fish in the salmon family (biology), family and one of the five Pacific salmon species. Coho salmon are also known as silver salmon (or "silvers") and is often ...
. One area, the Yam Islands, is home to colonies of sea birds, with a total of up to 6 million individuals. These include Auklets-crumbs, guillemot, spectacled guillemots, lund, and the horned puffin. The reserve is situated in the
Olsky District Olsky District () is an administrativeLaw #1292-OZ and municipalLaw #511-OZ district (raion), one of the eight in Magadan Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast, consists of two unconnected mainland parts separated by the terri ...
of
Magadan Oblast Magadan Oblast is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject (an oblast) of Russia. It is geographically located in the Russian Far East, Far East region of the country, and is administratively part of the Far Eastern Federal District. Magadan ...
. Recently, the reserve has experimented with very limited cruise ship visits (under 200 passengers) to one of the islands, and plans are being studied for ways to increase educational eco-tourism in the highly inaccessible area.


Topography

The largest sector,
Kava Kava or kava kava (''Piper methysticum'': Latin 'pepper' and Latinized Ancient Greek, Greek 'intoxicating') is a plant in the Piperaceae, pepper family, native to the Pacific Islands. The name ''kava'' is from Tongan language, Tongan and Marqu ...
- Chyolomdzha (), is in the southwest corner of Magadan Oblast. It is separated from the Okhotsk Sea by the Kava-Taui regional nature reserve. The second largest sector is the Seymchan section () located inland by the right bank of the Kolyma River, from the city of Magadan. The third largest sector is the
Ola Ola may refer to: Places Panama *Olá, a subdistrict in Coclé Province * Olá District Russia *Ola, Russia, an urban settlement in Magadan Oblast * Ola District, an administrative division in Magadan Oblast * Ola (river), a river in Magadan ...
section (), which occupies the western part of the
Koni Peninsula The Koni Peninsula projects into the Sea of Okhotsk in Magadan Oblast, in the Russian Far East, and has an area of 103,434 hectares. Its north-western shores are on the Taui Bay. Its north-eastern shores are on the Odyan Bay; the latter one reso ...
that extends into the Okhotsk Sea. The fourth sector is the
Yama Yama (), also known as Kāla and Dharmarāja, is the Hindu god of death and justice, responsible for the dispensation of law and punishment of sinners in his abode, Naraka. He is often identified with Dharmadeva, the personification of ''Dharm ...
section (), in the southwest of the region, and itself is divided into coastal, floodplain, and island subsections.


Climate and ecoregion

Magadan is located in the '' Cherskii-Kolyma mountain tundra'' ecoregion. This ecoregion covers the mountainous areas of northeast Siberia. It is an ecoregion of extreme cold and extreme aridity. The climate of Magadan is '' Subarctic climate, without dry season'' (
Köppen climate classification The Köppen climate classification divides Earth climates into five main climate groups, with each group being divided based on patterns of seasonal precipitation and temperature. The five main groups are ''A'' (tropical), ''B'' (arid), ''C'' (te ...
Subarctic climate The subarctic climate (also called subpolar climate, or boreal climate) is a continental climate with long, cold (often very cold) winters, and short, warm to cool summers. It is found on large landmasses, often away from the moderating effects of ...
(Dfc)). This climate is characterized by mild summers (only 1–3 months above ) and cold, snowy winters (coldest month below ).


Flora and fauna

More than half of the reserve territory is coniferous forest, mostly larch (
Larix gmelinii ''Larix gmelinii'', the Dahurian larch or East Siberian larch, is a species of larch native to eastern Siberia and adjacent northeastern Mongolia, northeastern China (Heilongjiang), South Korea and North Korea. Description ''Larix gmelinii'' ...
). The second most common tree species is the Creeping cedar. Among mammals, the common species are the bank voles, chipmunks, pika, hare, brown bear, fox, sable, ermine, and mink.


Ecotourism

As a strict nature reserve, the Magadan Reserve is mostly closed to the general public, although scientists and those with 'environmental education' purposes can make arrangements with park management for visits. The reserve does, however, make available to the public the ability to go on eco-tourist excursions on the site, but public visitors must join a group led by a reserve ranger, and must obtain written permits in advance. There is a public visitor center with nature exhibits at the reserves main office in the city of Magadan.


See also

* List of Russian Nature Reserves (class 1a 'zapovedniks')


References


External links


Map of Magadansky Reserve, OpenStreetMap

Map of Magadansky Reserve, ProtectedPlanet
{{Russian Zapovedniks Nature reserves in Russia Protected areas established in 1982 1982 establishments in Russia Geography of Magadan Oblast Protected areas of the Russian Far East Zapovednik