The following is a list of

web browser A web browser, often shortened to browser, is an application for accessing websites. When a user requests a web page from a particular website, the browser retrieves its files from a web server and then displays the page on the user's scr ...

s that are notable.

Historical

Layout engines

Gecko Geckos are small, mostly carnivorous lizards that have a wide distribution, found on every continent except Antarctica. Belonging to the infraorder Gekkota, geckos are found in warm climates. They range from . Geckos are unique among lizards ...

is developed by the Mozilla Foundation. ** Goanna is a fork of Gecko developed by Moonchild Productions. * Servo is an experimental web browser layout engine being developed cooperatively by Mozilla and Samsung. In 2020 the engine's development was transferred to the Linux Foundation. * Presto was developed by Opera Software for use in

Opera Opera is a form of History of theatre#European theatre, Western theatre in which music is a fundamental component and dramatic roles are taken by Singing, singers. Such a "work" (the literal translation of the Italian word "opera") is typically ...

. Development stopped as Opera transitioned to Blink. * Trident is developed by

Microsoft Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational corporation and technology company, technology conglomerate headquartered in Redmond, Washington. Founded in 1975, the company became influential in the History of personal computers#The ear ...

for use in the

Windows Windows is a Product lining, product line of Proprietary software, proprietary graphical user interface, graphical operating systems developed and marketed by Microsoft. It is grouped into families and subfamilies that cater to particular sec ...

versions of Internet Explorer 4 to

Internet Explorer 11 Internet Explorer 11 (IE11) is the eleventh and final version of the Internet Explorer web browser, by now retired. It was initially included in the release of Windows 8.1, Windows RT, Windows RT 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 on October 17, 2013 ...

. ** EdgeHTML is the engine developed by Microsoft for Edge egacy It is a largely rewritten fork of Trident with all legacy code removed. * Tasman was developed by Microsoft for use in Internet Explorer 5 for Macintosh. *

KHTML KHTML is a discontinued browser engine that was developed by the KDE project. It originated as the engine of the Konqueror browser in the late 1990s, but active development ceased in 2016. It was officially discontinued in 2023. Built on the ...

was developed by the

KDE KDE is an international free software community that develops free and open-source software. As a central development hub, it provides tools and resources that enable collaborative work on its projects. Its products include the KDE Plasma gra ...

project but has since been discontinued. **

WebKit WebKit is a browser engine primarily used in Apple's Safari web browser, as well as all web browsers on iOS and iPadOS. WebKit is also used by the PlayStation consoles starting with the PS3, the Tizen mobile operating systems, the Amazon K ...

is a fork of KHTML by Apple Inc. used in Apple

Safari A safari (; originally ) is an overland journey to observe wildlife, wild animals, especially in East Africa. The so-called big five game, "Big Five" game animals of Africa – lion, African leopard, leopard, rhinoceros, African elephant, elep ...

, and formerly in

Chromium Chromium is a chemical element; it has Symbol (chemistry), symbol Cr and atomic number 24. It is the first element in Group 6 element, group 6. It is a steely-grey, Luster (mineralogy), lustrous, hard, and brittle transition metal. Chromium ...

and

Google Chrome Google Chrome is a web browser developed by Google. It was first released in 2008 for Microsoft Windows, built with free software components from Apple WebKit and Mozilla Firefox. Versions were later released for Linux, macOS, iOS, iPadOS, an ...

. *** Blink is a 2013 fork of WebKit's WebCore component by Google used in Chromium, Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Opera, and

Vivaldi Antonio Lucio Vivaldi (4 March 1678 – 28 July 1741) was an Italian composer, virtuoso violinist, impresario of Baroque music and Roman Catholic priest. Regarded as one of the greatest Baroque composers, Vivaldi's influence during his lif ...

Graphical

Trident shells

Other software publishers have built browsers and other products around Microsoft's Trident engine. The following browsers are all based on that rendering engine: *

360 Secure Browser 360 Secure Browser (360 Security Browser) or 360 Safe Browser ( zh, s=360安全浏览器) is a web browser developed by the Qihoo company of Beijing, China. Version 1.0 was released in July 2008 (first non-beta release; first beta in changelo ...

AOL Explorer AOL Explorer, previously known as AOL Browser, was a graphical web browser developed by AOL. It was released in July 2005 as a free, standalone download, or as an optional software bundled while installing AOL Instant Messenger. AOL Explorer su ...

Deepnet Explorer Deepnet Explorer was a web browser created by Deepnet Security for the Microsoft Windows platform, first released in 2005. The most recent version is 1.5.3 (BETA 3) which was released October 19, 2006. Developed in Britain, Deepnet Explorer gained ...

GreenBrowser GreenBrowser is a discontinued freeware web browser based on Internet Explorer's core. GreenBrowser is based upon the Trident rendering engine used in Internet Explorer. GreenBrowser is a full-featured browser, highly customizable but compact ...

Internet Explorer Internet Explorer (formerly Microsoft Internet Explorer and Windows Internet Explorer, commonly abbreviated as IE or MSIE) is a deprecation, retired series of graphical user interface, graphical web browsers developed by Microsoft that were u ...

* MediaBrowser * MSN Explorer * NeoPlanet * NetCaptor * QQ Browser

Gecko-based

* Camino for

Mac OS X macOS, previously OS X and originally Mac OS X, is a Unix, Unix-based operating system developed and marketed by Apple Inc., Apple since 2001. It is the current operating system for Apple's Mac (computer), Mac computers. With ...

(formerly ''Chimera'') * Conkeror, (keyboard-driven browser) * Galeon, ( GNOME's old default browser) * K-Meleon (

) ** K-MeleonCCF ME (for Windows based on K-Meleon core, mostly written in Lua) ** K-Ninja (for Windows based on K-Meleon) * MicroB (for Maemo) * Minimo (for mobile) * Mozilla Firefox (formerly ''Firebird'' and ''Phoenix,'' developed by the Mozilla foundation) ** AT&T Pogo (based on Firefox) ** Cliqz (Firefox fork) ** CometBird (an optimized fork of Firefox allowing video downloads) ** Comodo IceDragon (Firefox-based web browser for Windows with privacy and performance enhancements developed by Comodo) ** Flock (was based on

Firefox Mozilla Firefox, or simply Firefox, is a free and open-source web browser developed by the Mozilla Foundation and its subsidiary, the Mozilla Corporation. It uses the Gecko rendering engine to display web pages, which implements curr ...

until version 2.6.1, and based on

thereafter) ** Floorp (based on Firefox with increased customization options) ** Iceweasel (

Debian Debian () is a free and open-source software, free and open source Linux distribution, developed by the Debian Project, which was established by Ian Murdock in August 1993. Debian is one of the oldest operating systems based on the Linux kerne ...

's Firefox rebrand) *** Swiftweasel (processor-optimised builds based on Iceweasel) ** GNU IceCat ( GNU's fork of

) ** LibreWolf ** Netscape Browser 8 to Netscape Navigator 9 (discontinued) ** TenFourFox (Firefox port to

PowerPC PowerPC (with the backronym Performance Optimization With Enhanced RISC – Performance Computing, sometimes abbreviated as PPC) is a reduced instruction set computer (RISC) instruction set architecture (ISA) created by the 1991 Apple Inc., App ...

versions of

) ** Timberwolf (

AmigaOS AmigaOS is a family of proprietary native operating systems of the Amiga and AmigaOne personal computers. It was developed first by Commodore International and introduced with the launch of the first Amiga, the Amiga 1000, in 1985. Early versions ...

' Firefox rebrand) ** Tor Browser (privacy enabled browser) *** Mullvad Browser (based on Tor Browser) ** Swiftfox (processor-optimised builds based on Firefox) ** Waterfox (Firefox-based web browser for Windows, macOS, and Linux) ** xB Browser (formerly XeroBank Browser and Torpark), portable browser for anonymous browsing, originally based on Firefox ** Zen Browser * Firefox for Android (codenamed ''Fenix'') *

Mozilla Application Suite The Mozilla Application Suite (originally known as Mozilla, marketed as the Mozilla Suite) is a discontinued cross-platform integrated Internet suite. Its development was initiated by Netscape Communications Corporation, before their acquisition ...

** Beonex Communicator (separate branch, based on Mozilla Application Suite) ** Classilla (an updated fork of the Suite to Mac OS 9) ** Gnuzilla ( GNU's fork) ** Netscape ( Netscape 6 to 7, based on ''Mozilla'') ** SeaMonkey (successor to Mozilla Application Suite) *** Iceape (

's Seamonkey rebrand) * Skyfire (for mobile) * SlimBrowser *

Yahoo! Yahoo (, styled yahoo''!'' in its logo) is an American web portal that provides the search engine Yahoo Search and related services including My Yahoo, Yahoo Mail, Yahoo News, Yahoo Finance, Yahoo Sports, y!entertainment, yahoo!life, and its a ...

Browser (or partnership browsers e.g. " AT&T Yahoo! Browser"; "

Verizon Verizon Communications Inc. ( ), is an American telecommunications company headquartered in New York City. It is the world's second-largest telecommunications company by revenue and its mobile network is the largest wireless carrier in the ...

Yahoo! Browser"; " BT Yahoo! Browser", etc.)

Goanna-based

Basilisk In European bestiary, bestiaries and legends, a basilisk ( or ) is a legendary reptile reputed to be a Serpent symbolism, serpent king, who causes death to those who look into its eyes. According to the ''Natural History (Pliny), Naturalis Histo ...

– similar to Pale Moon, but with the interface of Firefox 29–56 and a few other differences * K-Meleon – starting from version 77 (2019) * Pale Moon – a fork of Firefox that maintains support for XUL/ XPCOM extensions and retains the user interface of the Firefox 4–28 era

Gecko- and Trident-based

Browsers that use both Trident and

include: * K-Meleon with the IE Tab extension * Mozilla Firefox with the IE Tab extension * Netscape Browser 8

Webkit- and Trident-based

* GNOME Web *

Maxthon Maxthon (, formerly named ''MyIE2'') is a freeware web browser, created by JeffChen in Singapore. It is available for Microsoft Windows, Windows, macOS, Linux, and as ''Maxthon Mobile'' for Android (operating system), Android, iOS, and Windows P ...

(up until version 4.2) * QQ browser

Blink- and Trident-based

Baidu Baidu, Inc. ( ; ) is a Chinese multinational technology company specializing in Internet services and artificial intelligence. It holds a dominant position in China's search engine market (via Baidu Search), and provides a wide variety of o ...

Browser *

(since version 4.2) *

Microsoft Edge Microsoft Edge is a Proprietary Software, proprietary cross-platform software, cross-platform web browser created by Microsoft and based on the Chromium (web browser), Chromium open-source project, superseding Edge Legacy. In Windows 11, Edge ...

Gecko-, Trident-, and Blink-based

Browsers that can use Trident,

and Blink include: * Lunascape

KHTML-based

* Konqueror * Konqueror Embedded

Presto-based

* Internet Channel (for Wii console, Opera-based) * Nintendo DS Browser (Opera-based) *

(for releases up until 12.18)

WebKit-based

*All browsers for iOS *

* Arora * Bolt * Dolphin Browser * DuckDuckGo browser for macOS * Flock since version 3.0 * iCab since version 4 * GNOME Web * Iris Browser * Konqueror (version 4 can use WebKit as an alternative to its native KHTML) *

from version 3.0 to 5.0 * Midori before acquisition by Astian Foundation * NetFront * OmniWeb * Orion * Otter Browser * Origyn Web Browser * QtWeb * qutebrowser * PhantomJS * Shiira * SlimBrowser since version 10.0 * Steel (web browser) * surf * Uzbl * Nokia Browser for Symbian * webOS * WebPositive * xombrero

Blink-based

** Amazon Silk ** Arc ** Avast Secure Browser ** Beaker ** Brave ** Cốc Cốc ** Comodo Dragon ** Epic **

(based on Blink since Chrome v. 28) ** JioPages **

** NAVER Whale ** DuckDuckGo for Android and

** Opera GX ** Puffin Browser ** Qt WebEngine *** Dooble (from Version 2.2) *** Falkon ** qutebrowser (Blink backend mostly stable) ** Redcore ** Rockmelt ** SalamWeb ** Sleipnir ** SRWare Iron ** Torch ** Ungoogled-chromium **

** Yandex Browser

EdgeHTML-based

* Microsoft Edge egacy

For Java platform

* BOLT Browser * HotJava * Opera Mini (only the Android version is actively developed as of 2022) * ThunderHawk

Specialty browsers

Browsers created for enhancements of specific browsing activities.

Current

* ZAC Browser (for children with

autism Autism, also known as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by differences or difficulties in social communication and interaction, a preference for predictability and routine, sensory processing d ...

autism spectrum Autism, also known as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by differences or difficulties in social communication and interaction, a preference for predictability and routine, sensory processing d ...

disorders such as Asperger syndrome, pervasive developmental disorders (PDD), and PDD-NOS)

Discontinued

* Flock (to enhance social networking,

blogging A blog (a Clipping (morphology), truncation of "weblog") is an informational website consisting of discrete, often informal diary-style text entries also known as posts. Posts are typically displayed in Reverse chronology, reverse chronologic ...

, photo-sharing, and RSS news-reading) * Ghostzilla (blends into the GUI to hide activity) * Gollum browser (created specially for browsing Wikipedia) * Kirix Strata (designed for data analytics) * Miro (a media browser that integrates a

BitTorrent BitTorrent is a Protocol (computing), communication protocol for peer-to-peer file sharing (P2P), which enables users to distribute data and electronic files over the Internet in a Decentralised system, decentralized manner. The protocol is d ...

addon) * Nightingale (open source audio player and web browser based on the Songbird (see below) media player source code) * Prodigy Classic (executable only within the application) * Rockmelt (designed to combine web browsing, and social activities such as

Facebook Facebook is a social media and social networking service owned by the American technology conglomerate Meta Platforms, Meta. Created in 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg with four other Harvard College students and roommates, Eduardo Saverin, Andre ...

and

Twitter Twitter, officially known as X since 2023, is an American microblogging and social networking service. It is one of the world's largest social media platforms and one of the most-visited websites. Users can share short text messages, image ...

into a unified one window experience) * Songbird (browser with advanced audio streaming features and built-in media player with library) *

SpaceTime In physics, spacetime, also called the space-time continuum, is a mathematical model that fuses the three dimensions of space and the one dimension of time into a single four-dimensional continuum. Spacetime diagrams are useful in visualiz ...

(search the web in 3D)

Mosaic-based

Mosaic A mosaic () is a pattern or image made of small regular or irregular pieces of colored stone, glass or ceramic, held in place by plaster/Mortar (masonry), mortar, and covering a surface. Mosaics are often used as floor and wall decoration, and ...

was the first widely used web browser. The

National Center for Supercomputing Applications The National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) is a unit of the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, and provides high-performance computing resources to researchers in the United States. NCSA is currently led by Professor Bill ...

(NCSA) licensed the technology and many companies built their own web browser on Mosaic. The best known are the first versions of Internet Explorer and Netscape. * AMosaic * IBM WebExplorer *

1.x * Internet in a Box * Mosaic-CK * Netscape * Spyglass Mosaic * VMS Mosaic

Others

* Abaco (for

Plan 9 from Bell Labs Plan 9 from Bell Labs is a distributed operating system which originated from the Computing Science Research Center (CSRC) at Bell Labs in the mid-1980s and built on UNIX concepts first developed there in the late 1960s. Since 2000, Plan 9 has ...

and

Linux Linux ( ) is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an kernel (operating system), operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991, by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically package manager, pac ...

) * Amaya * Arachne (for DOS and Linux) *

Arena An arena is a large enclosed venue, often circular or oval-shaped, designed to showcase theatre, Music, musical performances or Sport, sporting events. It comprises a large open space surrounded on most or all sides by tiered seating for specta ...

* Ariadna (AMSD Ariadna) (first Russian web browser) * AWeb (

) *

Mobile Browser * Dillo (for lower-end computers) * DR-WebSpyder (for DOS) * Embrowser (for DOS) * Flow browser * Gazelle (from

Microsoft Research Microsoft Research (MSR) is the research subsidiary of Microsoft. It was created in 1991 by Richard Rashid, Bill Gates and Nathan Myhrvold with the intent to advance state-of-the-art computing and solve difficult world problems through technologi ...

, OS-like) * IBrowse (for AmigaOS) * Ladybird (from SerenityOS) * Mothra (for

) * NetPositive (for BeOS) * NetSurf (an open source web browser originally for

RISC OS RISC OS () is an operating system designed to run on ARM architecture, ARM computers. Originally designed in 1987 by Acorn Computers of England, it was made for use in its new line of ARM-based Acorn Archimedes, Archimedes personal computers an ...

and GTK, e.g. Linux, Windows and more platforms, written in C) * Phoenix, a browser based on tkWWW * Planetweb browser (for Dreamcast) * Qihoo 360 mobile browsers * tkWWW, based on Tcl * Voyager (for AmigaOS)

Mobile browsers

* Amazon Silk * Apple Safari * Arc * Brave * Dolphin browser * Firefox Focus *

* Mozilla Firefox * Opera Mobile * Puffin Browser * QQ browser * Samsung Internet *

UC Browser UC Browser is a web browser developed by mobile internet company UCWeb, a subsidiary of the Alibaba Group. It was the most popular mobile browser in India, Indonesia, and Mali, as well as the second-most popular one in China as of 2017. Its w ...

Text-based

* Emacs/W3 * EWW * Line Mode Browser * Links ** ELinks *

Lynx A lynx ( ; : lynx or lynxes) is any of the four wikt:extant, extant species (the Canada lynx, Iberian lynx, Eurasian lynx and the bobcat) within the medium-sized wild Felidae, cat genus ''Lynx''. The name originated in Middle Engl ...

* w3m

References

External links

* Adrian Roselli
evolt.org Browser Archive
(2004). List and archive of many current and obsolete web browsers. * Daniel R. Tobias
Brand-X Browsers
(2002). * Michael Bernadi

(2006). {{Web browsers Web browsers Web browsers