List Of Anarchists
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outline Outline or outlining may refer to: * Outline (list), a document summary, in hierarchical list format * Code folding, a method of hiding or collapsing code or text to see content in outline form * Outline drawing, a sketch depicting the outer edge ...
is provided as an overview of and topical guide to
anarchism Anarchism is a political philosophy and Political movement, movement that seeks to abolish all institutions that perpetuate authority, coercion, or Social hierarchy, hierarchy, primarily targeting the state (polity), state and capitalism. A ...
:


Nature


Schools of thought


Classical

*
Mutualism Mutualism may refer to: * Mutualism (biology), positive interactions between species * Mutualism (economic theory), associated with Pierre-Joseph Proudhon * Mutualism (movement), social movement promoting mutual organizations * Mutualism model o ...
*
Individualist anarchism Individualist anarchism or anarcho-individualism is a collection of anarchist Anarchism is a political philosophy and Political movement, movement that seeks to abolish all institutions that perpetuate authority, coercion, or Social hi ...
**
Philosophical anarchism Philosophical anarchism is an anarchist school of thought which focuses on intellectual criticism of authority, especially political power, and the legitimacy of governments. The American anarchist and socialist Benjamin Tucker coined the term '' ...
**
Egoist anarchism Egoist anarchism or anarcho-egoism, often shortened as simply egoism, is a Anarchist schools of thought, school of anarchist thought that originated in the philosophy of Max Stirner, philosophy of Max Stirner, a 19th-century philosopher whose "n ...
***
Illegalism Illegalism is a tendency of anarchism that developed primarily in France, Italy, Belgium and Switzerland during the late 1890s and early 1900s as an outgrowth of individualist anarchism. Illegalists embrace criminality either openly or secret ...
*
Social anarchism Social anarchism, also known as left-wing anarchism or socialist anarchism, is an anarchist tradition that sees individual liberty and social solidarity as mutually compatible and desirable. It advocates for a social revolution to eliminate ...
**
Collectivist anarchism Collectivist anarchism, also called anarchist collectivism and anarcho-collectivism, Buckley, A. M. (2011). ''Anarchism''. Essential Libraryp. 97 "Collectivist anarchism, also called anarcho-collectivism, arose after mutualism." . is an anarchis ...
**
Anarchist communism Anarchist communism is a far-left political ideology and anarchist school of thought that advocates communism. It calls for the abolition of private real property but retention of personal property and collectively-owned items, goods, and ser ...
***
Magonism Magonism () is an anarcho-communist, school of thought precursor of the Mexican Revolution of 1910. It is mainly based on the ideas of Ricardo Flores Magón, his brothers Enrique and Jesús, and also other collaborators of the Mexican newspap ...


Post-classical In Human history, world history, post-classical history refers to the period from about 500 CE to 1500 CE, roughly corresponding to the European Middle Ages. The period is characterized by the expansion of civilizations geographically an ...

*
Anarcha-feminism Anarcha-feminism, also known as anarchist feminism or anarcho-feminism, is a system of analysis which combines the principles and power analysis of anarchist theory with feminism. It closely resembles intersectional feminism. Anarcha-feminism ge ...
*
Green anarchism Green anarchism, also known as ecological anarchism or eco-anarchism, is an anarchist school of thought that focuses on ecology and environmental issues. It is an anti-capitalist and anti-authoritarian form of radical environmentalism, which e ...
**
Anarcho-primitivism Anarcho-primitivism is an anarchist critique of civilization that advocates a return to non-civilized ways of life through deindustrialization, abolition of the division of labor or specialization, abandonment of large-scale organization and all ...
**
Social ecology Social ecology may refer to: * Social ecology (academic field), the study of relationships between people and their environment, often the interdependence of people, collectives and institutions * Social ecological model, frameworks for depicting ...
*
Anarcho-pacifism Anarcho-pacifism, also referred to as anarchist pacifism and pacifist anarchism, is an anarchist school of thought that advocates for the use of peaceful, non-violent forms of resistance in the struggle for social change. Anarcho-pacifism reject ...
*
Insurrectionary anarchism Insurrectionary anarchism is a revolutionary theory and tendency within the anarchist movement that emphasizes insurrection as a revolutionary practice. It is critical of formal organizations such as labor unions and federations that are based on ...
*
Religious anarchism Christian anarchism is a Christian movement in political theology that claims anarchism is inherent in Christianity and the Gospels. It is grounded in the belief that there is only one source of authority to which Christians are ultimately answ ...
**
Buddhist anarchism Gary Snyder (born May 8, 1930) is an American poet, essayist, lecturer, and environmental activist. His early poetry has been associated with the Beat Generation and the San Francisco Renaissance and he has been described as the "poet laureate of ...
**
Christian anarchism Christian anarchism is a Christian movement in political theology that claims anarchism is inherent in Christianity and the Gospels. It is grounded in the belief that there is only one source of authority to which Christians are ultimately answ ...
**
Jewish anarchism Anarchists have traditionally been skeptical of or vehemently opposed to organized religion. Nevertheless, some anarchists have provided religious interpretations and approaches to anarchism, including the idea that the glorification of the sta ...
*
Anarchism without adjectives Anarchism without adjectives is a Pluralism (political philosophy), pluralist tendency of anarchism that opposes sectarianism and advocates for cooperation between different anarchist schools of thought. First formulated by the Anarchism in Spain ...


Contemporary Contemporary history, in English-language historiography, is a subset of modern history that describes the historical period from about 1945 to the present. In the social sciences, contemporary history is also continuous with, and related t ...

*
Black anarchism Black anarchism, also known as New Afrikan anarchism or Panther anarchism, is an anti-authoritarian and anti-racist current of the Black power movement and anarchism in the United States. It is characterized by its intersectional analysis of dif ...
*
Crypto-anarchism Crypto-anarchy, crypto-anarchism, cyberanarchy or cyberanarchism is a political ideology focusing on the protection of privacy, political freedom, and economic freedom, the adherents of which use cryptographic software for confidentiality and se ...
*
Market anarchism Market anarchism is the branch of anarchism that advocates a free-market economic system based on voluntary interactions without the involvement of the state; a form of individualist anarchism. Samuel Edward Konkin III's agorism is a strand of ...
*
Postcolonial anarchism Contemporary anarchism within the history of anarchism is the period of the anarchist movement continuing from the end of World War II and into the present. Since the last third of the 20th century, anarchists have been involved in anti-globali ...
*
Post-anarchism Contemporary anarchism within the history of anarchism is the period of the anarchist movement continuing from the end of World War II and into the present. Since the last third of the 20th century, anarchists have been involved in anti-globalis ...
*
Post-left anarchy Contemporary anarchism within the history of anarchism is the period of the anarchist movement continuing from the end of World War II and into the present. Since the last third of the 20th century, anarchists have been involved in anti-globalis ...
*
Queer anarchism Queer anarchism, or anarcha-queer, is an anarchist school of thought that advocates anarchism and social revolution as a means of queer liberation and abolition of systems of oppression such as homophobia, lesbophobia, transmisogyny, biphob ...
* Anarcho-transhumanism


Organizational forms

*
Platformism Platformism is an anarchist organizational theory that aims to create a tightly coordinated anarchist federation. Its main features include a common Tactic (method), tactical line, a unified political policy and a commitment to collective responsi ...
*
Synthesis anarchism Synthesis anarchism, also known as united anarchism, is an organisational principle that seeks unity in diversity, aiming to bring together anarchists of different tendencies into a single federation. Developed mainly by the Russian anarchist V ...
*
Anarcho-syndicalism Anarcho-syndicalism is an anarchism, anarchist organisational model that centres trade unions as a vehicle for class conflict. Drawing from the theory of libertarian socialism and the practice of syndicalism, anarcho-syndicalism sees trade uni ...


History


Timeline of major events

; Historic precedents and background events (pre-1840) * 1793 –
William Godwin William Godwin (3 March 1756 – 7 April 1836) was an English journalist, political philosopher and novelist. He is considered one of the first exponents of utilitarianism and the first modern proponent of anarchism. Godwin is most famous fo ...
publishes ''
Enquiry Concerning Political Justice ''Enquiry Concerning Political Justice and its Influence on Morals and Happiness'' is a 1793 book by the philosopher William Godwin, in which the author outlines his political philosophy. It is the first modern work to elucidate anarchism. Bac ...
'', implicitly establishing the philosophical foundations of anarchism. * 1827 –
Josiah Warren Josiah Warren (; June 26, 1798 – April 14, 1874) was an American Reformism (historical), social reformer, inventor, musician, businessman, and philosopher. He is regarded as the first American Philosophical anarchism, philosophical anarchist ...
opens the
Cincinnati Time Store The Cincinnati Time Store (1827–1830) was the first in a series of retail stores created by American individualist anarchist Josiah Warren to test his economic labor theory of value. The experimental store operated from May 18, 1827, until Ma ...
, an early experiment in mutualist economics. ;Early stages (1840-1870) * 1840 –
Pierre-Joseph Proudhon Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (, ; ; 1809 – 19 January 1865) was a French anarchist, socialist, philosopher, and economist who founded mutualist philosophy and is considered by many to be the "father of anarchism". He was the first person to ca ...
publishes ''
What Is Property? Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (, ; ; 1809 – 19 January 1865) was a French anarchist, socialist, philosopher, and economist who founded mutualist philosophy and is considered by many to be the "father of anarchism". He was the first person to ca ...
'' and becomes history's first self-proclaimed anarchist. * 1844 –
The Ego and Its Own ''The Ego and Its Own'' (), also known as ''The Unique and Its Property'', is an 1844 work by German philosopher Max Stirner. It presents a post-Hegelian critique of Christianity and traditional morality on one hand; and on the other, humanism, ...
published by
Max Stirner Johann Kaspar Schmidt (; 25 October 1806 – 26 June 1856), known professionally as Max Stirner (; ), was a German post-Hegelian philosopher, dealing mainly with the Hegelian notion of social alienation and self-consciousness. Stirner is oft ...
. * 1845 –
Ramón de la Sagra Ramón Dionisio José de la Sagra y Peris (8 April 179823 May 1871) was a Spanish people, Spanish anarchist, politician, writer, and botanist who founded the world's first anarchist journal, ''El Porvenir'' (Spanish for "The Future"). Biography ...
founds the first anarchist journal in Spain. * 1850 –
Anarchist Manifesto ''Anarchist Manifesto'' (or ''The World's First Anarchist Manifesto'') is a work by Anselme Bellegarrigue, notable for being the first manifesto of anarchism. It was written in 1850, two years after his participation in the French Revolution of 1 ...
published by
Anselme Bellegarrigue Anselme Bellegarrigue (23 March 1813 – ) was a French individualist anarchist. He participated in the French Revolution of 1848, was author and editor of ''Anarchie, Journal de l'Ordre'' and ''Au fait ! Au fait ! Interprétation de l'idée démo ...
. * 1864 –
International Workingmen's Association The International Workingmen's Association (IWA; 1864–1876), often called the First International, was a political international which aimed at uniting a variety of different left-wing socialist, social democratic, communist, and anarchist g ...
(IWA) founded. * 1867–69 –
Julio López Chávez Julio López Chávez led a peasant rebellion in the late 1860s. He was a follower of Greek proto-anarchist Plotino Rhodakanaty, who moved to Mexico to organize peasants. When a land speculator drained Lake Chalco, López Chávez led up to 1,5 ...
revolt in Mexico. ;Classical era (1870–1913) * 1870–71 –
Paris Commune The Paris Commune (, ) was a French revolutionary government that seized power in Paris on 18 March 1871 and controlled parts of the city until 28 May 1871. During the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71, the French National Guard (France), Nation ...
,
Lyon Commune The Lyon Commune (French language, French: ''Commune de Lyon'') was a short-lived revolutionary movement in Lyon, France, in 1870–1871. Republicans and activists from several components of the Far-left politics, far-left of the time seized po ...
and
Besançon Commune The Besançon Commune (in French ''Commune de Besançon'') was a short-lived revolutionary movement conceived and developed in 1871, aiming at the proclamation of a local autonomous power based on the experiences of the Paris Paris () i ...
in France. * 1872 – Hague Congress in the Netherlands. * 1872 – St. Imier Congress in Switzerland. * 1873–74 – Cantonal rebellion and
Petroleum Revolution The Petroleum Revolution (Valencian: ''La Revolució del Petroli'') was a libertarian and syndicalist leaning workers' revolution that took place in Alcoy, Alicante, Spain in 1873. The event derives its name from the petroleum-soaked torches carr ...
in Spain. * 1874 – Bologna insurrection in Italy. * 1877 – Matese insurrection in Italy. * 1878 – Assassination attempt against
Kaiser Wilhelm I Wilhelm I (Wilhelm Friedrich Ludwig; 22 March 1797 – 9 March 1888) was King of Prussia from 1861 and German Emperor from 1871 until his death in 1888. A member of the House of Hohenzollern, he was the first head of state of a united Germany ...
by
Max Hödel Emil Max Hödel (27 May 1857 – 16 August 1878) was a German plumber from Leipzig and propaganda of the deed anarchist who became known for the failed assassination of the German emperor, Wilhelm I. A former member of the Leipzig Social-Democra ...
. * 1882–83 –
Mano Negra affair The Black Hand () was a presumed secret, anarchist organization based in the Andalusian region of Spain and best known as the perpetrators of murders, arson, and crop fires in the early 1880s. The events associated with the Black Hand took pla ...
in Spain. * 1886 – Strike of 1886 in Belgium. * 1886 –
Haymarket affair The Haymarket affair, also known as the Haymarket massacre, the Haymarket riot, the Haymarket Square riot, or the Haymarket Incident, was the aftermath of a bombing that took place at a labor demonstration on May 4, 1886 at Haymarket Square (C ...
in the USA. Leads to
International Workers' Day International Workers' Day, also called Labour Day in some countries and often referred to as May Day, is a celebration of Wage labour, labourers and the working classes that is promoted by the international labour movement and occurs every yea ...
/May Day. * 1891 – Clichy Affair in France. * 1892 – ''
The Conquest of Bread ''The Conquest of Bread'' is an 1892 book by the Russian anarchist Peter Kropotkin. Originally written in French, it first appeared as a series of articles in the anarchist journal ''Le Révolté''. It was first published in Paris with a pref ...
'' by
Peter Kropotkin Pyotr Alexeyevich Kropotkin (9 December 1842 – 8 February 1921) was a Russian anarchist and geographer known as a proponent of anarchist communism. Born into an aristocratic land-owning family, Kropotkin attended the Page Corps and later s ...
is published. * 1892 – Jerez uprising in Spain. * 1892 –
Walsall Anarchists The Walsall Anarchists were a group of anarchism, anarchists arrested on explosive charges in Walsall, present-day West Midlands (county), West Midlands, England in 1892. Recent research into police files has revealed that the bombings were inst ...
in Britain. * 1893 –
Liceu bombing The Liceu bombing was a terrorist attack by the Spanish anarchist Santiago Salvador, who killed 20 to 30 people at Barcelona's Liceu, Grand Lyceum Theatre on 7 November 1893. The bombing was in response to the execution of Paulí Pallàs, who ...
in Spain. * 1894 –
Lunigiana revolt The Lunigiana revolt took place in January 1894, in the stone and marble quarries of Massa and Carrara in the Lunigiana, the northernmost tip of Tuscany (Italy), in support of the Fasci Siciliani (Sicilian Leagues) uprising on Sicily. After a stat ...
in Italy. * 1894 –
Omladina Trial In 1894, the Omladina Trial, convened in the Austro-Hungarian regional capital of Prague, ostensibly placed Czechs, Czech anarchism and anarcho-syndicalism before the court as well as specifically convicting 68 Czech Nationalists of radical acti ...
in the Austro-Hungarian empire. * 1894 – Assassination of French President Sadi Carnot by
Sante Geronimo Caserio Sante Geronimo Caserio (; 8 September 187316 August 1894) was an Italian baker, Anarchism, anarchist, and Propaganda of the deed, propagandist by the deed. He is primarily known for Assassination of Sadi Carnot, assassinating Sadi Carnot, the sit ...
. * 1894 –
Trial of the Thirty The Trial of the Thirty (French: ''Procès des trente'') was a trial in 1894 in Paris, France, aimed at legitimizing the '' lois scélérates'' passed in 1893–94 against the anarchist movement and restricting press freedom by proving the exis ...
in France. * 1896 – Barcelona Corpus Christi procession bombing and
Montjuïc trial The Montjuïc trial was a trial of anarchist suspects in the military Montjuïc Castle following the 1896 terrorist attack on the Barcelonean Corpus Christi procession. About 400 suspects were arrested, from whom 87 were put on trial and fiv ...
in Spain. * 1897 – Assassination of Spanish PM Antonio Cánovas del Castillo. * 1898 – Assassination of
Empress Elisabeth of Austria Elisabeth (born Duchess Elisabeth Amalie Eugenie in Bavaria; 24 December 1837 – 10 September 1898), nicknamed Sisi or Sissi, was Empress of Austria and List of Hungarian consorts, Queen of Hungary from her marriage to Franz Joseph I of Austri ...
. * 1900 – Assassination of King
Umberto I of Italy Umberto I (; 14 March 1844 – 29 July 1900) was King of Italy from 9 January 1878 until his assassination in 1900. His reign saw Italy's expansion into the Horn of Africa, as well as the creation of the Triple Alliance (1882), Triple Alliance a ...
. * 1901 – Assassination of US President William McKinley. * 1903 –
Strandzha Commune The Strandzha Commune (), also known as the Strandzha Republic (), was a short-lived List of anarchist communities, anarchist commune in East Thrace. It was proclaimed during the Preobrazhenie Uprising in 1903 by rebels of the Internal Macedonia ...
in the Ottoman Empire. * 1903 –
Immigration Act of 1903 The Immigration Act of 1903, also called the Anarchist Exclusion Act, was a law of the United States regulating immigration. It codified previous immigration law, and added four inadmissible classes: anarchists, people with epilepsy, beggars, an ...
in the USA. * 1907 –
International Anarchist Congress of Amsterdam The International Anarchist Congress of Amsterdam took place from 24 August to 31 August 1907. It gathered delegates from 14 countries, among which important figures of the anarchist movement, including Errico Malatesta, Luigi Fabbri, Benoît ...
in the Netherlands. * 1907 – Tenants' strike in Argentina. * 1908 –
Red Flag Incident The refers to a political rally that took place in Tokyo, Japan, on June 22, 1908. In the mixed political climate of the late Meiji and early Taishō period, celebrated political activist and anarchist Koken Yamaguchi was discharged from a ...
in Japan. * 1909 – Assassination of Chief of Police Ramón Lorenzo Falcón. * 1909 –
Francisco Ferrer Francesc Ferrer i Guàrdia (; January 14, 1859 – October 13, 1909), widely known as Francisco Ferrer (), was a Spanish radical freethinker, anarchist, and educationist behind a network of secular, private, libertarian schools in and aroun ...
executed in Spain. * 1910–11 –
High Treason Incident The , also known as the , was a socialist-anarchist plot to assassinate the Japanese Emperor Meiji in 1910, leading to a mass arrest of leftists, as well as the execution of 12 alleged conspirators in 1911. Another 12 conspirators who were init ...
in Japan. * 1911 – Magonista rebellion in Mexico. * 1912 – Assassination of Spanish PM
José Canalejas y Méndez José Canalejas y Méndez (31 July 1854 – 12 November 1912) was a Spanish politician, born in Ferrol, who served as Prime Minister of Spain from 1910 until his assassination in 1912. Early life Son of a railway engineer, politician and ...
. * 1912–27 – The
Diligent Work-Frugal Study Movement The Diligent Work-Frugal Study Movement, often referred to as the Work-Study Movement (; French: ''Mouvement Travail-Études''), was a series of work-study programs which brought Chinese students to France and Belgium to work in factories as a w ...
in China and France. * 1913 –
Assassination of George I of Greece George I of Greece was assassinated on the late afternoon of March 18, 1913, in Thessaloniki, Greece. It was carried out by an alleged Greek anarchist named Alexandros Schinas. On the day of the murder, George I of Greece, King George I was in ...
. ; World War I, Interwar period and World War II (1914 – 1945) * 1916 –
Manifesto of the Sixteen A manifesto is a written declaration of the intentions, motives, or views of the issuer, be it an individual, group, Party platform, political party, or government. A manifesto can accept a previously published opinion or Consensus decision-ma ...
published. * 1916 –
Serifos miners strike Serifos miners strike was a strike action by mineworkers on the List of islands of Greece, Greek island of Serifos that occurred in the summer of 1916. The strike resulted in the workers taking control of the island after a fight with the police ...
in Greece. * 1917–21 – the
Makhnovshchina The Makhnovshchina (, ) was a Political movement#Mass movements, mass movement to establish anarchist communism in southern Ukraine, southern and eastern Ukraine during the Ukrainian War of Independence of 1917–1921. Named after Nestor Makhno, ...
is active in Ukraine. * 1918–20 – Constitution Protection Region of Southern Fujian in China. * 1918 –
Explosion in Leontievsky Lane The Explosion in Leontievsky Lane was a Terrorism, terrorist act committed on 25 September 1919 by a group of Anarchism, anarchists with the aim of destroying the leadership of the Moscow Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Russ ...
in Russia. * 1918 –
First Republic of Pińczów The Republic of Pińczów () was an area of Pińczów and the surrounding area which was liberated at the end of 1918 for a period of six weeks by the city's inhabitants, led by Jan Lisowski, after the disarmament of Austrian troops without a f ...
established in Poland. * 1918 – Rio de Janeiro anarchist insurrection in Brazil. * 1919 – Tragic Week in Argentina. * 1919 –
La Canadenca strike The strike (, ) was a historic strike action in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, that was initiated in February 1919 by the Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT) and lasted over 44 days evolving into a general strike paralyzing much of the indu ...
in Spain. * 1919 – United States anarchist bombings. * 1919–20 –
First Red Scare The first Red Scare was a period during History of the United States (1918–1945), the early 20th-century history of the United States marked by a widespread fear of Far-left politics, far-left movements, including Bolsheviks, Bolshevism a ...
and
Palmer Raids The Palmer Raids were a series of raids conducted in November 1919 and January 1920 by the United States Department of Justice under the administration of President Woodrow Wilson to capture and arrest suspected socialists, especially anarchist ...
in the USA. * 1919–20 – Biennio Rosso in Italy. * 1920–22 – Patagonia Rebelde and
La Forestral massacre La Forestal massacre was the mass killing, torture, rape and burning of houses of workers aligned with the anarcho-syndicalist union FORA by private police forces and the paramilitary nationalist organization '' Argentine Patriotic League'' in 19 ...
in Argentina. * 1920 –
Wall Street bombing The Wall Street bombing was an act of terrorism on Wall Street at 12:01 pm on Thursday, September 16, 1920. The blast killed 30 people immediately, and another 10 later died of wounds that they sustained in the blast. There were 143 serio ...
in the USA. * 1921 – Assassination of Spanish PM Eduardo Dato. * 1923 –
Kantō Massacre The was a mass murder in the Kantō region of Japan committed in the aftermath of the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake. With the explicit and implicit approval of parts of the Japanese government, the Japanese military, police, and vigilantes mu ...
and
Amakasu Incident The was the murder of two prominent Japanese anarchists and their young nephew by military police, led by Lieutenant Masahiko Amakasu in September 1923. The victims were Ōsugi Sakae, an informal leader of the Japanese anarchist movement, togeth ...
in Japan. * 1926 –
Gino Lucetti Gino Lucetti (31 August 1900 – 17 September 1943) was an Italian anarchist and anti-fascist who attempted to assassinate the dictator Benito Mussolini in 1926. After World War I he was involved in many clashes and political brawls during the ...
attempts to assassinate
Benito Mussolini Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (29 July 188328 April 1945) was an Italian politician and journalist who, upon assuming office as Prime Minister of Italy, Prime Minister, became the dictator of Fascist Italy from the March on Rome in 1922 un ...
in Italy. * 1926–28 –
Severino Di Giovanni Severino Di Giovanni (17 March 1901 – 1 February 1931) was an Italian anarchist who immigrated to Argentina, where he became the best-known anarchist figure in that country for his campaign of violence in support of Sacco and Vanzetti and an ...
bombing campaign in Argentina. * 1927 –
Sacco and Vanzetti Nicola Sacco (; April 22, 1891 – August 23, 1927) and Bartolomeo Vanzetti (; June 11, 1888 – August 23, 1927) were Italian immigrants and anarchists who were controversially convicted of murdering Alessandro Berardelli and Frederick Parm ...
executed in the USA. * 1929–31 –
Korean People's Association in Manchuria The Korean People's Association in Manchuria (KPAM; ; August 1929 – September 1931) was a self-governing autonomous prefecture in Manchuria, populated by two million Korean refugees. Following the Japanese occupation of Korea, many Korean ana ...
in China. * 1931 –
Taking of Encarnación The Taking of Encarnación was an attempted anarchist occupation of Encarnación, Paraguay, in February 1931 as part of a larger plan to initiate a social libertarian (anarchist) revolution in the country. Event As part of a larger plan to i ...
in Paraguay. * 1932 –
Alt Llobregat insurrection The Alt Llobregat insurrection was a revolutionary general strike which took place in central Catalonia, in the northeast of Spain, in January 1932. Initially organised as a wildcat strike by miners in Fígols, who were protesting against low ...
in Spain. * 1933 –
Anarchist insurrection of January 1933 The anarchist insurrection of January 1933 was an attempted revolution carried out by Spanish anarchists, with the intention of overthrowing the government of Spain and establishing libertarian communism. The suppression of the Alt Llobregat in ...
and
Casas Viejas incident The Casas Viejas incident, also known as the Casas Viejas massacre, took place around 11–12 January 1933, in the village of Benalup-Casas Viejas, Casas Viejas, in Cádiz Province, Andalusia. Background The Anarchism in Spain, anarchist mov ...
in Spain. * 1933 –
Anarchist insurrection of December 1933 The anarchist insurrection of December 1933 was an attempted revolution by Spanish anarchists, in response to the victory of the right-wing in the 1933 Spanish general election. It was the third of a series of anarchist insurrections in Spain, f ...
in Spain. * 1934 –
Erich Mühsam Erich Mühsam (6 April 1878 – 10 July 1934) was a German Antimilitarism, antimilitarist anarchism, anarchist essayist, poet and playwright. He emerged at the end of World War I as one of the leading agitators for a Federalism, federated Bavari ...
murdered in a Nazi concentration camp. * 1934 –
Asturian miners' strike of 1934 The Asturian Revolution was a major conflict that happened in Asturias from October 4-19, 1934. It started with a mass strike action undertaken by miners in against the new government which included the conservative CEDA party. The strike and ...
in Spain. * 1936–39 – the
Spanish Civil War The Spanish Civil War () was a military conflict fought from 1936 to 1939 between the Republican faction (Spanish Civil War), Republicans and the Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), Nationalists. Republicans were loyal to the Left-wing p ...
and Spanish Revolution. * 1937 –
May Days The May Days (, ), sometimes also called May Events (, ), were a series of clashes between 3 and 8 May 1937 during which factions on the Republican faction (Spanish Civil War), Republican side of the Spanish Civil War engaged one another in str ...
in Spain. * 1943 –
Carlo Tresca Carlo Tresca (March 9, 1879 – January 11, 1943) was an Italian-American dissident, newspaper editor, orator, and labor organizer and activist who was a leader of the Industrial Workers of the World during the 1910s. He is remembered as a leadi ...
assassinated in the USA. ;Cold War era (1946 – 1989) * 1955 – Pierre Morain becomes the first French activist jailed for supporting Algerian independence. * 1968 –
May 68 May 68 () was a period of widespread protests, strikes, and civil unrest in France that began in May 1968 and became one of the most significant social uprisings in modern European history. Initially sparked by student demonstrations agains ...
in France. * 1969 –
Piazza Fontana bombing The Piazza Fontana bombing () was a terrorist attack that occurred on 12 December 1969 when a bomb exploded at the headquarters of Banca Nazionale dell'Agricoltura (the National Agricultural Bank) in Piazza Fontana (near the ''Duomo'') in Mil ...
and death of
Giuseppe Pinelli Giuseppe "Pino" Pinelli (21 October 1928 – 15 December 1969) was an Italian railroad worker and anarchist, who died while being detained by the ''Polizia di Stato'' in 1969. Pinelli was a member of the Milan-based anarchist association named ...
in Italy. * 1970 –
Barracks anarchists The Barracks anarchists () were a group of five young adults who lost their lives in a car accident on the night of 26 September 1970, while they were on their way to Rome. They intended to deliver to their contacts denunciation material concerning ...
killed in Italy. * 1971 –
Chomsky–Foucault debate The Chomsky–Foucault debate was a debate about human nature, between Noam Chomsky and Michel Foucault at the Eindhoven University of Technology in the Netherlands, on 22 October 1971 at 7:30 p.m. The debate was broadcast on 28 November 19 ...
the Netherlands. * 1978 –
Scala case On 15 January 1978, a fire in Barcelona's Scala nightclub killed four people. The ensuing trial became known as the Scala case. Initially, some of the protestors were condemned to prison sentences, but after some years, it was revealed that the ca ...
in Spain. * 1980 –
Faurisson affair The Faurisson affair was an academic controversy following publication of a book, ''Mémoire en défense'' (1980), by French professor Robert Faurisson, a Holocaust denier, and the inclusion of an essay by American linguist Noam Chomsky, entitled ...
in France. * 1980 – Wanganui Computer Centre bombing in New Zealand. * 1982 –
Litton Industries bombing In October, 1982, three members of an anarchist urban guerrilla group known as Direct Action acted upon "their wish to end the arms race" and filled a stolen pick-up truck with of dynamite and drove from Vancouver to Toronto, Canada planting the b ...
in Canada. * 1986 – Battle of Ryesgade in Denmark. ;Post-Cold War era resurgence (1990 – present) * 1994–2020 –
Zapatista uprising On 1 January 1994, the Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN) coordinated a 12-day uprising in the state of Chiapas, Mexico, in protest against the enactment of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). The rebels occupied citie ...
and
Chiapas conflict The Chiapas conflict (Spanish language, Spanish: ''Conflicto de Chiapas'') consisted of the Zapatista uprising, 1994 Zapatista uprising, the 1995 Zapatista Crisis, 1995 Zapatista crisis, and the subsequent tension between the Federal government o ...
in Mexico. * 1999 –
Murder of Björn Söderberg Björn Söderberg (1 April 1958 – 12 October 1999) was a Swedish union active syndicalist who was murdered in Sätra, Stockholm on 12 October 1999. Murder Björn Söderberg had made a tip to the newspaper ''Arbetaren'' owned by Sveriges Arb ...
in Sweden. * 1999 – Seattle WTO protests in the USA. * 2001 –
Katie Sierra free speech case In October 2001, Katie Sierra was suspended from Sissonville High School, near Charleston, West Virginia, for activism in opposition to the War in Afghanistan. Sierra, a 15-year-old anarchist pacifist, wore shirts bearing handwritten stateme ...
in the USA. * 2006 –
4F case The 4F case concerns the events of 4 February 2006 in Barcelona, in which a policeman patrolling outside a rave was paralyzed after being hit by a falling object and nine people were arrested in consequence. At a trial two years later, seven p ...
in Spain. * 2008 –
Tarnac Nine The Tarnac Nine are a French group of nine alleged anarchist saboteurs: Mathieu Burnel, Julien Coupat, Bertrand Deveaux, Manon Glibert, Gabrielle Hallez, Elsa Hauck, Yildune Lévy, Benjamin Rosoux and Aria Thomas. They were arrested on 11 Novembe ...
arrested in France. * 2008 –
Greek riots Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ...
. * 2011 –
Occupy movement The Occupy movement was an international populist Social movement, socio-political movement that expressed opposition to Social equality, social and economic inequality and to the perceived lack of real democracy around the world. It aimed primar ...
begins. * 2012 –
Rojava conflict The Rojava Conflict, also known as the Rojava Revolution, is a political upheaval and military conflict taking place in northern Syria, known among Kurds as Syrian Kurdistan, Western Kurdistan or Rojava. During the Syrian civil war that began ...
begins. * 2016 –
Audrey Tang Tang Feng ( zh, t=唐鳳, p=Táng Fèng; born 18 April 1981), also known by her English name Audrey, is a Taiwanese people, Taiwanese politician and free software programmer who served as the first Minister of Digital Affairs of Taiwan from Augu ...
appointed
Minister without portfolio A minister without portfolio is a government minister without specific responsibility as head of a government department. The sinecure is particularly common in countries ruled by coalition governments and a cabinet with decision-making authorit ...
in
Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia. The main geography of Taiwan, island of Taiwan, also known as ''Formosa'', lies between the East China Sea, East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocea ...
. * 2017 –
Catalan general strike Catalan may refer to: Catalonia From, or related to Catalonia: * Catalan language, a Romance language * Catalans, an ethnic group formed by the people from, or with origins in, Northern or southern Catalonia Places * 13178 Catalan, asteroid #1 ...
in Spain. * 2018 –
Arkhangelsk FSB office bombing The Arkhangelsk FSB office bombing was a suicide bombing that occurred in Arkhangelsk, Russia. On the morning of 31 October 2018, Mikhail Vasilievich Zhlobitsky, a 17-year old tekhnikum student entered the local office of the Russian Federal Secur ...
in Russia. * 2019 – Tacoma attack in the USA. * 2023 – Killing of Tortuguita in the USA. * 2024 –
Self-immolation of Aaron Bushnell On February 25, 2024, Aaron Bushnell, a 25-year-old serviceman of the United States Air Force, died after setting himself on fire outside the front gate of the Embassy of Israel in Washington, D.C. Immediately before the act, which was live-str ...
in the USA.


History by region


Historians

*
Paul Avrich Paul Avrich (August 4, 1931 – February 16, 2006) was an American historian specializing in the 19th and early 20th-century anarchist movement in Russia and the United States. He taught at Queens College, City University of New York, for his ...
*
David Goodway David Goodway (born 1942) is a British historian and a respected international authority on Chartism and on anarchism and libertarian socialism. Life Goodway was born in the English Midlands town of Rugby in September 1942. He studied Philosop ...
*
Daniel Guérin Daniel Guérin (; 19 May 1904 – 14 April 1988) was a French libertarian-communist author, best known for his work '' Anarchism: From Theory to Practice'', as well as his collection ''No Gods No Masters: An Anthology of Anarchism'' in which h ...
*
Peter Marshall Peter Marshall may refer to: Entertainment * Peter Marshall (entertainer) (1926–2024), American game show host of ''The Hollywood Squares'', 1966–1981 * Peter Marshall (author, born 1939) (1939–1972), British novelist whose works include ' ...
*
Max Nettlau Max Heinrich Hermann Reinhardt Nettlau (; 1865–1944) was a German anarchist and historian. His extensive collection or archives was sold to the International Institute of Social History in Amsterdam in 1935. He lived continuously in Amsterdam f ...
*
George Woodcock George Woodcock (May 8, 1912 – January 28, 1995) was a Canadian writer of political biography and history, an anarchist thinker, a philosopher, an essayist and literary critic. He was also a poet and published several volumes of travel wri ...
; Historical societies *
Anarchy Archives Dana Ward is professor emeritus of Political Studies at Pitzer College, where he founded and maintains the Anarchy Archives and where he taught from 1982 through 2012. He was the Executive Director of The International Society of Political Psycholo ...
*
Centre International de Recherches sur l'Anarchisme CIRA (Centre International de Recherches sur l'Anarchisme) or International Center for Research on Anarchism is an anarchist archive, infoshop and library of anarchist material in different languages based in Lausanne, Switzerland with other bran ...
*
Kate Sharpley Library The Kate Sharpley Library (KSL) is a library dedicated to anarchist texts and history. Started in 1979 and reorganized in 1991, it currently holds around ten thousand English language volumes, pamphlets and periodicals in its archive. __NOTOC__ N ...
*
Labadie Collection The Labadie Collection at the University of Michigan, originating from the collection of radical ephemera built by Detroit Anarchist Jo Labadie, is recognized as one of the world's most complete collections of materials documenting the history ...


Organizations


Notable organizations


Political international A political international is a transnational organization of political parties having similar ideology or political orientation (e.g. liberalism, socialism, Islamism). The international works together on points of agreement to co-ordinate activ ...
s


Platformist federations


Syndicalist federation Anarcho-syndicalism is an anarchist organisational model that centres trade unions as a vehicle for class conflict. Drawing from the theory of libertarian socialism and the practice of syndicalism, anarcho-syndicalism sees trade unions as both ...
s


Synthesis federation The anarchist synthesis, also known simply as the synthesis or by its earlier name united anarchism, is an organisational principle that seeks unity in diversity, aiming to bring together anarchists of different tendencies into a single federati ...
s


Militant group The Militant Group was an early British Trotskyist group, formed in 1935 by Denzil Dean Harber, former leader of the Marxist Group (UK), Marxist Group in the Independent Labour Party, ILP, as a separate entrism, entrist group inside the Labour Pa ...
s


Others


Structures

*
Affinity group An affinity group is a group formed around a shared interest or common goal, to which individuals formally or informally belong. Affinity groups are generally precluded from being under the aegis of any governmental agency, and their purposes ...
(e.g.
Black bloc A black bloc (sometimes black block) is a tactic used by protesters who wear black clothing, ski masks, scarves, sunglasses, motorcycle helmets with padding or other face-concealing and face-protecting items.
) *
Adhocracy Adhocracy is a flexible, adaptable, and informal form of organization defined by a lack of formal structure and employs specialized multidisciplinary teams grouped by function. It operates in a fashion opposite to bureaucracy. Warren Bennis coin ...
*
Collective A collective is a group of entities that share or are motivated by at least one common issue or interest or work together to achieve a common objective. Collectives can differ from cooperatives in that they are not necessarily focused upon an e ...
*
Cooperative A cooperative (also known as co-operative, coöperative, co-op, or coop) is "an autonomy, autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly owned a ...
*
Federation A federation (also called a federal state) is an entity characterized by a political union, union of partially federated state, self-governing provinces, states, or other regions under a #Federal governments, federal government (federalism) ...
*
Participatory organization A participatory organization is an organization which is built based on public participation rather than their contract obligations. Types Different types of participatory organizations are possible including production companies, membership or ...
*
Popular assembly A popular assembly (or people's assembly) is a gathering called to address issues of importance to participants. Popular assemblies tend to be freely open to participation, in contrast to elected assemblies and randomly-selected citizens' as ...
*
Security culture Security culture is a set of practices used by activists, notably contemporary anarchists, to avoid, or mitigate the effects of, police surveillance and harassment and state control. Overview Security culture recognizes the possibility that ana ...
*
Spokescouncil Consensus decision-making is a group decision-making process in which participants work together to develop proposals for actions that achieve a broad acceptance. Consensus is reached when everyone in the group ''assents'' to a decision (or ...
*
Syndicate A syndicate is a self-organizing group of individuals, companies, corporations or entities formed to transact some specific business, to pursue or promote a shared interest. Etymology The word ''syndicate'' comes from the French word ''syndic ...
*
Union of egoists A "union of egoists" () was first expounded by the Egoist philosopher Max Stirner in '' The Ego and Its Own''. A union of egoists is understood as a voluntary and non-systematic association which Stirner proposed in contradistinction to the sta ...
*
Workers' council A workers' council, also called labour council, is a type of council in a workplace or a locality made up of workers or of temporary and instantly revocable delegates elected by the workers in a locality's workplaces. In such a system of polit ...


Literature


Manifestos and expositions

; (1840–1914) * ''
Anarchist Manifesto ''Anarchist Manifesto'' (or ''The World's First Anarchist Manifesto'') is a work by Anselme Bellegarrigue, notable for being the first manifesto of anarchism. It was written in 1850, two years after his participation in the French Revolution of 1 ...
'' (1850) by
Anselme Bellegarrigue Anselme Bellegarrigue (23 March 1813 – ) was a French individualist anarchist. He participated in the French Revolution of 1848, was author and editor of ''Anarchie, Journal de l'Ordre'' and ''Au fait ! Au fait ! Interprétation de l'idée démo ...
* ''
The General Idea of the Revolution in the Nineteenth Century ''The General Idea of the Revolution in the Nineteenth Century'' () is an influential manifesto written in 1851 by the anarchist philosopher Pierre-Joseph Proudhon. The book portrays a vision of an ideal society where frontiers are taken down, ...
'' (1851) by
Pierre-Joseph Proudhon Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (, ; ; 1809 – 19 January 1865) was a French anarchist, socialist, philosopher, and economist who founded mutualist philosophy and is considered by many to be the "father of anarchism". He was the first person to ca ...
* '' The Principles of Anarchism'' () by
Lucy Parsons Lucy E. Parsons ( – March 7, 1942) was a US social anarchist and later anarcho-communist, well-known throughout her long life for her fiery speeches and writings. She was a founding member of the Industrial Workers of the World. There are d ...
* '' The Soul of Man under Socialism'' (1891) by
Oscar Wilde Oscar Fingal O'Fflahertie Wills Wilde (16 October 185430 November 1900) was an Irish author, poet, and playwright. After writing in different literary styles throughout the 1880s, he became one of the most popular and influential playwright ...
* ''
The Conquest of Bread ''The Conquest of Bread'' is an 1892 book by the Russian anarchist Peter Kropotkin. Originally written in French, it first appeared as a series of articles in the anarchist journal ''Le Révolté''. It was first published in Paris with a pref ...
'' (1892) by
Peter Kropotkin Pyotr Alexeyevich Kropotkin (9 December 1842 – 8 February 1921) was a Russian anarchist and geographer known as a proponent of anarchist communism. Born into an aristocratic land-owning family, Kropotkin attended the Page Corps and later s ...
* '' Anarchy Defended by Anarchists'' (1896) by
Emma Goldman Emma Goldman (June 27, 1869 – May 14, 1940) was a Russian-born Anarchism, anarchist revolutionary, political activist, and writer. She played a pivotal role in the development of anarchist political philosophy in North America and Europ ...
and
Johann Most Johann Joseph "Hans" Most (February 5, 1846 – March 17, 1906) was a German-American Social Democratic and then anarchist politician, newspaper editor, and orator. He is credited with popularizing the concept of "propaganda of the deed" in the Un ...
; (1914–1984) *'' Anarchism: From Theory to Practice'' (1965) by
Daniel Guérin Daniel Guérin (; 19 May 1904 – 14 April 1988) was a French libertarian-communist author, best known for his work '' Anarchism: From Theory to Practice'', as well as his collection ''No Gods No Masters: An Anthology of Anarchism'' in which h ...
; (1985–present) * ''
Listen, Anarchist! Charles Bufe, better known as Chaz Bufe, is a contemporary American anarchist author. Bufe writes on a wide variety of topics, and has published 16 books, most under the See Sharp Press imprint but one ("Godless") was published by PM Press and anot ...
'' (1987) by
Chaz Bufe Charles Bufe, better known as Chaz Bufe, is a contemporary American anarchist author. Bufe writes on a wide variety of topics, and has published 16 books, most under the See Sharp Press imprint but one ("Godless") was published by PM Press and anot ...
* ''
Anarchy Alive! ''Anarchy Alive!: Anti-Authoritarian Politics from Practice to Theory'' is a book by Uri Gordon (anarchist), Uri Gordon that investigates anarchist theory and practice. An expanded reworking of the author's PhD thesis at the University of Oxfor ...
'' (2007) by Uri Gordon * '' The Government of No One: The Theory and Practice of Anarchism'' (2019) by
Ruth Kinna Ruth Ellen Kinna (born March 1961) is a historian and theorist of anarchism. She is Professor of Political Philosophy in the Department of Politics, History and International Relations of Loughborough University. She is also one of the two co-e ...



Non-anarchists influential on anarchism


Places named after anarchists

*
Action Directe (climb) ''Action Directe'' () is a short overhanging sport climb at the limestone Waldkopf crag in Frankenjura, Germany. When it was first climbed by German climber Wolfgang Güllich in 1991, it became the first climb in the world to have a consensu ...
, Germany * Anarchist Mountain, Canada *
Collège Louise-Michel in Paris The Collège Louis-Michel, named after French anarchist Louise Michel is located in Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated popul ...
, France *
Doctor Moisés Bertoni Moisés Bertoni or Doctor Moisés S. Bertoni is a village in the Caazapá department of Paraguay. Toponymy This town was formerly called Estación Sosa (Sosa Station), located between Caazapa and Yuty and founded around 1880. It was named Doc ...
, Paraguay * Dorothy Day homeless shelter, United States *
Eloxochitlán de Flores Magón Eloxochitlán de Flores Magón, formerly known as San Antonio Eloxochitlán, is a city and municipality in the Mexican state of Oaxaca. It is part of the Teotitlán District in the north of the Cañada Region. Approximately 96% of the inhabitant ...
, Mexico * Fred Hollows Reserve, Australia *
Haymarket Martyrs' Monument The ''Haymarket Martyrs' Monument'' is a funeral monument and sculpture located at Forest Home Cemetery in Forest Park, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago. Dedicated in 1893, it commemorates the defendants involved in labor unrest who were blamed, ...
, USA *
Georg von Rauch Haus Georg von Rauch Haus, named after Georg von Rauch, is a squat in Kreuzberg, Berlin, established in 1971. It became an important center for the city's left-wing and countercultural milieu in the early 1970s. Building The Georg von Rauch Haus w ...
, Germany *
Golets Kropotkin Golets Kropotkin () is a peak in the Olyokma-Stanovik Mountains. Administratively it is part of Zabaykalsky Krai, Russian Federation. The peak was named after Peter Kropotkin, who had explored the area in 1864. This emblematic summit was decla ...
, Russia *
Louise Michel station Louise Michel () is a station on Paris Métro Line 3. It is located in the commune of Levallois-Perret, just outside Paris to the northwest. Location The station is located about 100 meters from the administrative limit of Paris, under Rue Anato ...
, France *
Kropotkin, Irkutsk Oblast Kropotkin () is an urban locality (a work settlement) in Bodaybinsky District of Irkutsk Oblast, Russia. Population: It was named Kropotkin (in honor of Peter Kropotkin) in 1930. Administrative status Kropotkin is the capital of the Kropotki ...
, Russia *
Kropotkin, Krasnodar Krai Kropotkin () is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, town in Krasnodar Krai, Russia, located on the right bank of the Kuban River. History It was founded as Romanovsky Khutor in the late 18th century, and was renamed Kropotkin in honor of ...
, Russia * Kropotkin Range, Russia *
Kropotkinskaya Kropotkinskaya ( rus, Кропо́ткинская, p=krɐˈpotkʲɪnskəjə) is a station on the Sokolnicheskaya Line of the Moscow Metro. One of the oldest Metro stations, it was designed by Alexey Dushkin and Yakov Lichtenberg and opened in 1 ...
, Russia * Medical University of Varna "Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov", Bulgaria * Metropolitan Ervin Szabó Library, Hungary * Mount Kropotkin, Antarctica *
Parc Georges-Brassens Parc Georges-Brassens is a public park located in the 15th arrondissement of Paris, between rue des Morillons and rue de Périchaux. Opened in 1984, it occupies 7.74 hectares on the site of a former fish market, horse market and slaughterhous ...
, France * Práxedis G. Guerrero Municipality, Mexico * Práxedis Gilberto Guerrero, Chihuahua, Mexico *
Red Emma's Red Emma's Bookstore Coffeehouse is a radical infoshop located in Baltimore, Maryland, United States and run by a worker-owner collective. Named for anarchist Emma Goldman, Red Emma's opened in November 2004 and sells fair trade coffee, veg ...
, United States *
Ricardo Flores Magón metro station Ricardo Flores Magón is an elevated station on Line B of the Mexico City Metro system. The logo for the station shows a portrait of Ricardo Flores Magón. The station was opened on 15 December 1999. Ridership See also * Louise Michel st ...
, Mexico * Scientific Monument Moises Bertoni, Paraguay *
Soviet monitor Zhelezniakov ''Zhelezniakov'' is a river monitor of the Soviet Navy (Project SB-37), the lead ship of its class of six ships. Completed during the 1930s it participated in World War II and was the only one of its class that survived the war. The ship was nam ...
, Ukraine *
Teotitlán de Flores Magón Teotitlán de Flores Magón is a town and municipality in the Cañada region of Oaxaca in south-western Mexico. It is part of the Teotitlán District in the north of the Cañada Region. Municipality The municipality covers an area of 95.69&nbs ...
, Mexico *
Tolstoy Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy Tolstoy pronounced his first name as , which corresponds to the romanization ''Lyov''. () (; ,Throughout Tolstoy's whole life, his name was written as using pre-reform Russian orthography. ; ), usually referr ...
, United States


Related philosophies

*
Absurdism Absurdism is the philosophical theory that the universe is irrationality, irrational and meaningless. It states that trying to find meaning leads people into conflict with a seemingly meaningless world. This conflict can be between Rationality ...
*
Existentialism Existentialism is a family of philosophical views and inquiry that explore the human individual's struggle to lead an authentic life despite the apparent absurdity or incomprehensibility of existence. In examining meaning, purpose, and valu ...
*
Libertarian socialism Libertarian socialism is an anti-authoritarian and anti-capitalist political current that emphasises self-governance and workers' self-management. It is contrasted from other forms of socialism by its rejection of state ownership and from other ...
**
Democratic confederalism Democratic confederalism (), also known as Kurdish communalism, Öcalanism, or Apoism, is a political concept theorized by Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) leader Abdullah Öcalan about a system of democratic self-organization with the features o ...
**
Neozapatismo Neozapatismo or Neozapatism (sometimes simply Zapatismo) is the political philosophy and practice devised and employed by the Zapatista Army of National Liberation (, EZLN), who have instituted governments in a Rebel Zapatista Autonomous Municipa ...
*
Nihilism Nihilism () encompasses various views that reject certain aspects of existence. There have been different nihilist positions, including the views that Existential nihilism, life is meaningless, that Moral nihilism, moral values are baseless, and ...
* PanarchismP. E. de Puydt
"Panarchy"
First published in French in the Revue Trimestrielle, Bruxelles, July 1860. *
Voluntaryism Voluntaryism (,"Voluntaryism"
. '' Anti-anarchism Anarchism is a political philosophy and movement that seeks to abolish all institutions that perpetuate authority, coercion, or hierarchy, primarily targeting the state and capitalism. Anarchism advocates for the replacement of the state ...
--> *
Anti-globalization The anti-globalization movement, or counter-globalization movement, is a social movement critical of economic globalization. The movement is also commonly referred to as the global justice movement, alter-globalization movement, anti-globalist ...
/
Globalization Globalization is the process of increasing interdependence and integration among the economies, markets, societies, and cultures of different countries worldwide. This is made possible by the reduction of barriers to international trade, th ...
*
Anti-fascism Anti-fascism is a political movement in opposition to fascist ideologies, groups and individuals. Beginning in European countries in the 1920s, it was at its most significant shortly before and during World War II, where the Axis powers were op ...
*
Anti-war An anti-war movement is a social movement in opposition to one or more nations' decision to start or carry on an armed conflict. The term ''anti-war'' can also refer to pacifism, which is the opposition to all use of military force during conf ...
*
Civil rights Civil and political rights are a class of rights that protect individuals' political freedom, freedom from infringement by governments, social organizations, and private individuals. They ensure one's entitlement to participate in the civil and ...
*
Labour movement The labour movement is the collective organisation of working people to further their shared political and economic interests. It consists of the trade union or labour union movement, as well as political parties of labour. It can be considere ...
*
Tax resistance Tax resistance is the refusal to pay tax because of opposition to the government that is imposing the tax, or to government policy, or as opposition to taxation in itself. Tax resistance is a form of direct action and, if in violation of the ta ...


Footnotes


Further reading

*


External links

*
Anarchism
, entry from the ''
Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition The ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' Eleventh Edition (1910–1911) is a 29-volume reference work, an edition of the ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. It was developed during the encyclopaedia's transition from a British to an American publication. So ...
'', (1910) by
Peter Kropotkin Pyotr Alexeyevich Kropotkin (9 December 1842 – 8 February 1921) was a Russian anarchist and geographer known as a proponent of anarchist communism. Born into an aristocratic land-owning family, Kropotkin attended the Page Corps and later s ...
. {{DEFAULTSORT:Anarchism Outlines of philosophy topics
Anarchism Anarchism is a political philosophy and Political movement, movement that seeks to abolish all institutions that perpetuate authority, coercion, or Social hierarchy, hierarchy, primarily targeting the state (polity), state and capitalism. A ...