The Lipik Stud () is a

Croatia Croatia, officially the Republic of Croatia, is a country in Central Europe, Central and Southeast Europe, on the coast of the Adriatic Sea. It borders Slovenia to the northwest, Hungary to the northeast, Serbia to the east, Bosnia and Herze ...

Lipizzan The Lipizzan or Lipizzaner (, , , , , , ) is a European horse breed, breed of riding horse developed in the Habsburg Empire in the sixteenth century. It is of Baroque horse, Baroque type, and is powerful, slow to mature and long-lived; the coa ...

horse national breeding

stud farm A stud farm or stud in animal husbandry is an establishment for selective breeding of livestock. The word "stud (animal), stud" comes from the Old English ''stod'' meaning "herd of horses, place where horses are kept for breeding". Historically, ...

located in

Lipik Lipik is a town in western Slavonia, in the Požega-Slavonia County of northeastern Croatia. It is known for its spas, mineral water and Lipizzaner stables. Settlements The settlements included in the administrative area of Lipik include: * A ...

Požega-Slavonia County Požega-Slavonia County ( ) is a Croatian county in western Slavonia. Its capital is Požega, Croatia, Požega. Its population was 78,034 at the 2011 census. Alongside the City of Zagreb and Bjelovar-Bilogora County, it is one of three Croatian ...

. The Stud originated in 1843 as

count Count (feminine: countess) is a historical title of nobility in certain European countries, varying in relative status, generally of middling rank in the hierarchy of nobility. Pine, L. G. ''Titles: How the King Became His Majesty''. New York: ...

Izidor Janković built large

stable A stable is a building in which working animals are kept, especially horses or oxen. The building is usually divided into stalls, and may include storage for equipment and feed. Styles There are many different types of stables in use tod ...

s on his estate. Today it comprises approximately 106

acre The acre ( ) is a Unit of measurement, unit of land area used in the Imperial units, British imperial and the United States customary units#Area, United States customary systems. It is traditionally defined as the area of one Chain (unit), ch ...

s in the western part of the Town of Lipik, with a total of 74 horses, 70 of which are Lipizzans.

History

Founded in 1843 by Count Izidor Janković, Lipik Stud had around twenty horses at the beginning. In 1906 a new owner, Stjepan Layer from

Virovitica Virovitica () is a Croatian city near the Hungary, Hungarian border. It is situated near the Drava river and belongs to the historic region of Slavonia. Virovitica has a population of 14,688, with 21,291 people in the municipality (census 2011). I ...

, possessed twenty Lipizzan, Nonius and

Anglo-Arabian The Anglo-Arabian, also known as the Anglo-Arab, is a horse breed that originated in France by cross-breeding a Thoroughbred with an Arabian. The Anglo-Arabian has origins tracing back to the Limousin Horse. It was officially recognized by Empe ...

mare A mare is an adult female horse or other equidae, equine. In most cases, a mare is a female horse over the age of three, and a filly is a female horse three and younger. In Thoroughbred horse racing, a mare is defined as a female horse more th ...

s and three

stallion A stallion is an adult male horse that has not been gelded ( castrated). Stallions follow the conformation and phenotype of their breed, but within that standard, the presence of hormones such as testosterone may give stallions a thicker, "cre ...

s. In 1936 the Stud was enlarged with approximately new 60 horses, whereas in 1954 this number increased to approximately 250. The horse breeding was suddenly interrupted in the late 1960s by the

local authorities Local government is a generic term for the lowest tiers of governance or public administration within a particular sovereign state. Local governments typically constitute a subdivision of a higher-level political or administrative unit, such a ...

and it was only in the early 1980s that it began to recover. During the Croatian Homeland War the Stud ceased to exist. More than 100 horses, most of them Lipizzans, were taken by the Serbian Army forces to the occupied territory and

Serbia , image_flag = Flag of Serbia.svg , national_motto = , image_coat = Coat of arms of Serbia.svg , national_anthem = () , image_map = , map_caption = Location of Serbia (gree ...

, or slaughtered. After the war, the Stud facilities were renovated and the survived horses were returned from Serbia. In 2008 the Lipik Stud became the State Stud again and in 2010 it was merged with the Đakovo Stud.

Foundation stallions and mares

There are five male breeding lines in the Lipik Stud today: Conversano (from 1767), Favory (1779), Neapolitano (1770), Siglavy (1810) and Pluto (1765). From Favory originates Favory Mara LII-3, the present-day Lipik Stud breeding stallion, foaled in 2004. The mare lines bred in Lipik are: Batosta, Capriola, Allegra, Trompeta, Gaeta, Gaetana, Bonadea, Monteaura, Wera, Krabbe, Drava, Kitty, Cica and Liza.

Description

The Stud includes four stables, dressage grounds, a collection of fiacres carriages, and auxiliary buildings (containing

barn A barn is an agricultural building usually on farms and used for various purposes. In North America, a barn refers to structures that house livestock, including cattle and horses, as well as equipment and fodder, and often grain.Allen G ...

warehouse, equipment and accessories for employees, souvenir shop etc.). One of the stables is used for keeping the breeding stallions, the other for mares with new-born

foal A foal is an equine up to one year old; this term is used mainly for horses, but can be used for donkeys. More specific terms are colt (horse), colt for a male foal and filly for a female foal, and are used until the horse is three or four. Whe ...

s, the third for yearlings, colts and fillies, and the last one for the equipment for

sports competition Competition is a rivalry where two or more parties strive for a common goal which cannot be shared: where one's gain is the other's loss (an example of which is a zero-sum game). Competition can arise between entities such as organisms, individ ...

Breeding Breeding is sexual reproduction that produces offspring, usually animals or plants. It can only occur between a male and a female animal or plant. Breeding may refer to: * Animal husbandry, through selected specimens such as dogs, horses, and rab ...

and selecting, the complete work and care about horses in the Stud is under continued

surveillance Surveillance is the monitoring of behavior, many activities, or information for the purpose of information gathering, influencing, managing, or directing. This can include observation from a distance by means of electronic equipment, such as ...

of experts. Their objective is to initiate advances in selection and to preserve the genetic potential of the horses, especially of the Lipizzan breed in Croatia. A particular attention and accent is given to their appearances, movements and

behaviour Behavior (American English) or behaviour (British English) is the range of actions of Individual, individuals, organisms, systems or Artificial intelligence, artificial entities in some environment. These systems can include other systems or or ...

. The Stud organizes various

education Education is the transmission of knowledge and skills and the development of character traits. Formal education occurs within a structured institutional framework, such as public schools, following a curriculum. Non-formal education als ...

al programs and

workshops Beginning with the Industrial Revolution era, a workshop may be a room, rooms or building which provides both the area and tools (or machinery) that may be required for the manufacture or repair of manufactured goods. Workshops were the only ...

and is included in tourist routes in Požega-Slavonia County.

Gallery

References

{{coord missing, Croatia Horse farms in Croatia Tourist attractions in Požega-Slavonia County 1843 establishments in Croatia

Stud Stud may refer to: Animals * Stud (animal), an animal retained for breeding ** Stud farm, a property where livestock are bred Arts and entertainment * Stud (band), a British progressive rock group * The Stud (bar), a gay bar in San Francisco * ...

Establishments in the Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg) Lipik Stud

History

Foundation stallions and mares

Description

Gallery

See also

References