Les Transformateurs (; ) is a political party in

Chad Chad, officially the Republic of Chad, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of North Africa, North and Central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to Chad–Libya border, the north, Sudan to Chad–Sudan border, the east, the Central Afric ...

. It was part of the opposition to the

Chadian President This is a list of heads of state of Chad since the country gained independence from France in 1960 to the present day. A total of six people have served as head of state of Chad (not counting two Interim Heads of State). Additionally, one pers ...

Idriss Déby Idriss Déby Itno ( '; 18 June 1952 – 20 April 2021) was a Chadian politician and military officer who was the sixth List of heads of state of Chad, president of Chad from 1991 until his death in 2021 during the 2021 Northern Chad offensive, No ...

, and the Transitional Military Council that succeeded him after his death in 2021.

History

The party was founded on 29 April 2018 by

Succès Masra Succès Masra (; born 30 August 1983) is a Chadian economist and politician who served as the Prime Minister of Chad from 1 January to 22 May 2024. Having formerly worked for the African Development Bank, in 2018 he founded Les Transformateurs, ...

, to bring together Chadians "from the outside as well as from the inside" and to turn the country into a functioning

social democracy Social democracy is a Social philosophy, social, Economic ideology, economic, and political philosophy within socialism that supports Democracy, political and economic democracy and a gradualist, reformist, and democratic approach toward achi ...

. Masra and his party played a prominent role in the 2022 Chadian protests, condemning security forces for violence against protesters. Masra fled the country in the aftermath of the protests and lived in

exile Exile or banishment is primarily penal expulsion from one's native country, and secondarily expatriation or prolonged absence from one's homeland under either the compulsion of circumstance or the rigors of some high purpose. Usually persons ...

in the

United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...

for some time. In his absence, the party's registration was temporarily suspended by the Transitional Military Council, but was reinstated in January 2023. On 1 January 2024, Masra was appointed

Prime Minister of Chad This is a list of prime ministers of Chad since the formation of the post of prime minister of Chad in 1978 to the present day. A total of nineteen people have served as prime minister of Chad (not counting one acting prime minister). Addition ...

, following an agreement brokered by the

Economic Community of Central African States The Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS; , CEEAC; , CEEAC; , CEEAC) is an Economic Community of the African Union for promotion of regional economic co-operation in Central Africa. It "aims to achieve collective autonomy, raise ...

permitting Masra to return to Chad after an amnesty was granted to him. In the

2024 presidential election This is a list of elections that were held in 2024. The National Democratic Institute also maintains a calendar of elections around the world. *2024 United Nations Security Council election *2024 national electoral calendar *2024 local electoral ...

, Succès Masra ran for president as a candidate of the Les Transformateurs party. It was the first time in Chad's history that a president and a prime minister faced each other in a presidential election. Masra won only 18.5% of the vote, the 2nd-most voted candidate at the elections, but lost by a significant margin to incumbent president

Mahamat Déby Mahamat Idriss Déby Itno (; born 4 April 1984) is a Chadian politician and military officer who has been the leader of Chad since 2021, first as President of the Transitional Military Council (Chad), Transitional Military Council from 2021 to 20 ...

Election results

Presidential elections

References

2018 establishments in Chad Pan-Africanist political parties in Africa Political parties established in 2018 Political parties in Chad Social democratic parties in Africa Socialist parties in Chad {{Chad-stub