In religion
* Lemuel (biblical king), mentioned in the Book of Proverbs, Chapter 31 * Lemuel (Book of Mormon), the second eldest of Lehi's sons and the brother of Laman, Sam, Nephi, Jacob and JosephPeople
* Lemuel Francis Abbott (c. 1760 – 1802), English portrait painter * Lemuel Amerman (1846–1897), member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania * Lemuel H. Arnold (1792–1852), 12th Governor of Rhode Island and United States congressman * Lemuel Benton (1754–1818), American planter and politician, member of the U.S. House of Representatives from South Carolina * Lemuel J. Bowden (1815–1864), American lawyer, politician and U.S. senator from Virginia * Lemuel de Bra (1884–1954), American writer * Lemuel G. Brandebury (1810–1875), first chief justice of the Supreme Court of the Utah Territory * Lemuel Carpenter (c. 1808 – 1859), one of the first Anglo-American settlers in what is now the Los Angeles area, entrepreneur and rancher * Lemuel Chenoweth (1811–1887), American carpenter, legislator and self-taught architect * Lemuel Cushing Jr. (1842–1881), Canadian lawyer and politician * Lemuel D. Evans (1810–1877), American politician and Chief Justice of the Texas Supreme Court * Lemuel Grant (1817–1893), American engineer, businessman, land speculator and civic leader * Lemuel Haynes (1753–1833), African American religious leader and slavery opponent * Lemuel Jenkins (1789–1862), American lawyer and member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York * Lemuel McPherson Christian (1913–2000), Dominican composer * Lemuel Mathewson (1899–1970), U.S. Army lieutenant general * Lemuel Owen (1822–1912), shipbuilder, banker, merchant, politician and the second Premier of Prince Edward Island, Canada * Lemuel P. Padgett (1855–1922), member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Tennessee * Lemuel Paynter (1788–1863), member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania * Lemuel Penn (1915–1964), African-American lieutenant colonel murdered by members of the Ku Klux Klan * Lemuel E. Prowse (1858–1925), merchant and politician in Prince Edward Island, Canada *Fictional characters
* Lemuel Gulliver, protagonist of ''Gulliver's Travels'' * Lemuel "Lemmy" Barnet, in the BBC Radio science fiction programme '' Journey into Space'' * Lemuel "Chipper" Barnet, in the BBC Radio science fiction programme ''Space Force'' * Lemuel "Lemmy" Caution, special agent / private detective created by Peter Cheyney *