Joseph Haydn's Keyboard Concerto in

D major D major is a major scale based on D (musical note), D, consisting of the pitches D, E (musical note), E, F♯ (musical note), F, G (musical note), G, A (musical note), A, B (musical note), B, and C♯ (musical note), C. Its key signature has two S ...

, Hob. XVIII:11, was written between 1780 and 1783 and published in 1784, his last concerto for keyboard. He composed it for

harpsichord A harpsichord is a musical instrument played by means of a musical keyboard, keyboard. Depressing a key raises its back end within the instrument, which in turn raises a mechanism with a small plectrum made from quill or plastic that plucks one ...

fortepiano A fortepiano is an early piano. In principle, the word "fortepiano" can designate any piano dating from the invention of the instrument by Bartolomeo Cristofori in 1700 up to the early 19th century. Most typically, however, it is used to ref ...

, scoring for orchestra in the relatively undeveloped

galant style The galant style was an 18th-century movement in music, visual arts and literature. In Germany a closely related style was called the '' empfindsamer Stil'' (sensitive style). Another close relative is rococo style. The galant style was drawn in ...

of his earlier works, but, being a somewhat late composition, the work has similarities to Mozart's piano concertos; Haydn and Mozart had probably become

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by 1784. (Mozart returned from Italy in 1773, at the age of seventeen, and turned to the piano concerto form in 1776.

Solomon, Maynard Maynard Elliott Solomon (January 5, 1930 – September 28, 2020) was an American music executive and musicologist. In his career in the music industry, he was a co-founder of Vanguard Records as well as a music producer."Maynard Solomon" in ''Baker ...

,
Mozart: A Life
', Harper Collins, 1995, Biographers and historians have suggested that this Haydn work reflects Mozart's influence. Mozart acknowledged the important role of Haydn in the development of music and in correspondence often referred to him as " Papa Haydn".)

Form

The work has three

movements Movement may refer to: Generic uses * Movement (clockwork), the internal mechanism of a timepiece * Movement (sign language), a hand movement when signing * Motion, commonly referred to as movement * Movement (music), a division of a larger c ...

, the last of which is a lively Hungarian

rondo The rondo or rondeau is a musical form that contains a principal theme (music), theme (sometimes called the "refrain") which alternates with one or more contrasting themes (generally called "episodes", but also referred to as "digressions" or "c ...

: # ''Vivace'' # ''Un poco adagio'' # ''Rondo all'Ungarese'' The first and second movements contain

cadenza In music, a cadenza, (from , meaning cadence; plural, ''cadenze'' ) is, generically, an improvised or written-out ornamental passage played or sung by a soloist(s), usually in a "free" rhythmic style, and often allowing virtuosic display ...

s which have been preserved in the original score, handwritten by Haydn. The work is scored for solo keyboard and an orchestra consisting of two

oboe The oboe ( ) is a type of double-reed woodwind instrument. Oboes are usually made of wood, but may also be made of synthetic materials, such as plastic, resin, or hybrid composites. The most common type of oboe, the soprano oboe pitched in C, ...

s, two

horn Horn may refer to: Common uses * Horn (acoustic), a tapered sound guide ** Horn antenna ** Horn loudspeaker ** Vehicle horn ** Train horn *Horn (anatomy), a pointed, bony projection on the head of various animals * Horn (instrument), a family ...

s in D, and

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. Nowadays, it mostly is played on piano.

References

External links

* *, Ronald Brautigam on fortepiano, Concerto Copenhagen, conducted by

Lars Ulrik Mortensen Lars Ulrik Mortensen (born 9 November 1955) is a Danish harpsichordist and conductor, mainly of Baroque solo music, chamber music and early music repertory. He was a professor in Munich in 1996–99 and has since then been artistic director of ...

Concertos by Joseph Haydn Haydn 11 Haydn 11 Compositions in D major 1783 compositions {{concerto-stub

Form

See also

References

External links