Karl Reinisch
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:''Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at :de:Karl Reinisch; see its history for attribution.'' Karl Reinisch (21 August 1921 – 24 January 2007) was a German electrical engineer and professor for
control engineering Control engineering, also known as control systems engineering and, in some European countries, automation engineering, is an engineering discipline that deals with control systems, applying control theory to design equipment and systems with d ...
in
Ilmenau Ilmenau () is a town in Thuringia, central Germany. It is the largest town within the Ilm district with a population of 38,600, while the district capital is Arnstadt. Ilmenau is located approximately south of Erfurt and north of Nuremberg w ...
. Under his lead, a solid foundation for
automation Automation describes a wide range of technologies that reduce human intervention in processes, mainly by predetermining decision criteria, subprocess relationships, and related actions, as well as embodying those predeterminations in machine ...
and system technology for
cybernetics Cybernetics is the transdisciplinary study of circular causal processes such as feedback and recursion, where the effects of a system's actions (its outputs) return as inputs to that system, influencing subsequent action. It is concerned with ...
was developed at the
Technische Universität Ilmenau The Technische Universität Ilmenau (''Ilmenau University of Technology'', TU Ilmenau) is a German public research university located in Ilmenau, Thuringia, central Germany. Founded in 1894, it has five academic departments (faculties) with ...
. For many years, he was active at the
International Federation of Automatic Control The International Federation of Automatic Control (IFAC), founded in September 1957 in France, is a multinational federation of 49 national member organizations (NMO), each one representing the engineering and scientific societies concerned with a ...
(IFAC).


Life

Karl Reinisch received his
Abitur ''Abitur'' (), often shortened colloquially to ''Abi'', is a qualification granted at the end of secondary education in Germany. It is conferred on students who pass their final exams at the end of ISCED 3, usually after twelve or thirteen year ...
in 1940, and for the next five years served in
World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
. Between 1946 and 1950 he studied
electrical engineering Electrical engineering is an engineering discipline concerned with the study, design, and application of equipment, devices, and systems that use electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism. It emerged as an identifiable occupation in the l ...
with a focus on
extra-low voltage Extra-low voltage (ELV) is an electricity supply voltage and is a part of the low-voltage bandIEC 61140:2016 Chapter 4.2 in a range which carries a low risk of dangerous electrical shock. There are various standards that define extra-low voltage. ...
at the
Technische Universität Dresden TU Dresden (for , abbreviated as TUD), also as the Dresden University of Technology, is a public research university in Dresden, Germany. It is the largest institute of higher education in the city of Dresden, the largest university in Saxony a ...
, working with Heinrich Barkhausen and . The latter convinced Reinisch to move into the area of
control engineering Control engineering, also known as control systems engineering and, in some European countries, automation engineering, is an engineering discipline that deals with control systems, applying control theory to design equipment and systems with d ...
. Immediately after he finished studying, he became a scientific assistant, later "Oberassistent" (head assistant) for general electrical engineering, and between 1951 and 1953 received a university teaching position for theoretical electrical engineering.''Lebenslauf Karl Reinisch.'' In: Frank Dittmann und Rudolf Seising: ''Kybernetik steckt den Osten an - Aufstieg und Schwierigkeiten einer interdisziplinären Wissenschaft in der DDR''. Trafo Verlag, Berlin. 2007. He gained further teaching experience in the subject of control engineering in
Magdeburg Magdeburg (; ) is the Capital city, capital of the Germany, German States of Germany, state Saxony-Anhalt. The city is on the Elbe river. Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor, Otto I, the first Holy Roman Emperor and founder of the Archbishopric of Mag ...
, where an institute for control engineering was being formed (Sponsor: Heinrich Wilhelmi). Reinisch's dissertation from 1957 on the subject of optimization of control cycles is considered the first thesis on control engineering in the GDR. In the same year, the
German Academy of Sciences at Berlin The German Academy of Sciences at Berlin, , in 1972 renamed the Academy of Sciences of the GDR (''Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR (AdW)''), was the most eminent Research institute, research institution of East Germany (German Democratic Repub ...
created a position for control engineering in Dresden (Led by: Heinrich Kindler). Karl Reinisch accepted the position to develop and lead the department "Elektrische Regelungssysteme" (electrical control systems). Other departments were "Nichtelektrische Regelungssysteme" (non-electrical control systems) and "Schaltsysteme" (combinational / sequential circuits) (Led by: Siegfried Pilz). In 1960 he was appointed to the ''Hochschule für Elektrotechnik'' Ilmenau, later TH Ilmenau, and today TU Ilmenau where he developed the new field of
control engineering Control engineering, also known as control systems engineering and, in some European countries, automation engineering, is an engineering discipline that deals with control systems, applying control theory to design equipment and systems with d ...
at the faculty for extra-low voltage. In 1965 he finished his
Habilitation Habilitation is the highest university degree, or the procedure by which it is achieved, in Germany, France, Italy, Poland and some other European and non-English-speaking countries. The candidate fulfills a university's set criteria of excelle ...
at the
TU Dresden TU Dresden (for , abbreviated as TUD), also as the Dresden University of Technology, is a public research university in Dresden, Germany. It is the largest institute of higher education in the city of Dresden, the largest university in Saxony a ...
, and in the same year was designated
Professor Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an Academy, academic rank at university, universities and other tertiary education, post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin ...
at the TH Ilmenau. In the year 1968 ''Siegfried Pilz'' from the academy in Dresden followed him to Ilmenau, department of "Informationstechnik" (
information technology Information technology (IT) is a set of related fields within information and communications technology (ICT), that encompass computer systems, software, programming languages, data processing, data and information processing, and storage. Inf ...
), became his successor. As part of the reform of the higher education institutions in 1968, Karl Reinisch initiated the merger of four institutes into the newly created department for technical and biomedical cybernetics. He led the Institute for Control Engineering that he established, and the Faculty for Automatic Control that emerged from it in 1968 until his retirement from his academic career in 1986. His work extended to non-technical systems as well. In the 1970s he began to teach and research the ''Dynamics and Simulation of ecological Systems'', the basis for a field of TU Dresden that was established later, and that belongs to the Faculty of Environmental Sciences. In 1987, TU Dresden awarded him with the
Doctor honoris causa An honorary degree is an academic degree for which a university (or other degree-awarding institution) has waived all of the usual requirements. It is also known by the Latin phrases ''honoris causa'' ("for the sake of the honour") or ''ad hono ...
for his achievements. Even after his retirement, Reinisch remained active as a scientist. In 1995, he became a full member of the "Akademie gemeinnütziger Wissenschaften zu Erfurt" (Academy of charitable sciences in Erfurt).Akademie gemeinnütziger Wissenschaften:
Pressemitteilung 02/07
''. Retrieved 10 May 2007.
Until 1996 he continued to give lectures for the Institute of Automation and System Technology at the
Technical University of Ilmenau Technical may refer to: * Technical (vehicle), an improvised fighting vehicle * Technical area, an area which a manager, other coaching personnel, and substitutes are allowed to occupy during a football match * Technical advisor, a person who ad ...
. Several
professor Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an Academy, academic rank at university, universities and other tertiary education, post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin ...
s emerged from the occupational sphere of Karl Reinisch: Ulrich Engmann, Manfred Günther, Tatjana Lange, Jan Lunze, G. Otto, H. Puta, Michael Roth, Josef Sponer, and others. Karl Reinisch's impact went far beyond his professional work. For example, he organized ecumenic events on philosophical and religious questions. At the time of the GDR those took place in the rooms of his church congregation and brought together the representatives of very different directions. During the peaceful revolution of 1989 and afterwards, his advice and engagement were in demand in a larger setting. On 24 January 2007, following a long and serious illness, Karl Reinisch died at the age of 85.


Achievements

Karl Reinisch established a system-technologically characterized ''Control engineering school'' (in the sense of the
Cybernetics Cybernetics is the transdisciplinary study of circular causal processes such as feedback and recursion, where the effects of a system's actions (its outputs) return as inputs to that system, influencing subsequent action. It is concerned with ...
of
Norbert Wiener Norbert Wiener (November 26, 1894 – March 18, 1964) was an American computer scientist, mathematician, and philosopher. He became a professor of mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology ( MIT). A child prodigy, Wiener late ...
). His work focused on the optimal execution of complex processes in decentral, and especially hierarchical structures, applying this to
water resource management Water resources are natural resources of water that are potentially useful for humans, for example as a source of drinking water supply or irrigation water. These resources can be either Fresh water, freshwater from natural sources, or water produ ...
(control of reservoirs) and agriculture. For more than 15 years he was active as a representative of the "Wissenschaftlich-Technische Gesellschaft Mess- und Automatisierungstechnik (WGMA)" (Scientific-technological society of measurement and automation engineering) of the Chamber of Technology ("Kammer der Technik", KdT, the organization of engineers, technicians and researchers of the GDR) in responsible positions at the
International Federation of Automatic Control The International Federation of Automatic Control (IFAC), founded in September 1957 in France, is a multinational federation of 49 national member organizations (NMO), each one representing the engineering and scientific societies concerned with a ...
(IFAC). With his retirement in 1986, Reinisch was awarded "''Hervorragender Hochschullehrer"'' (exceptional university professor). Starting in 1989, Karl Reinisch took part in evaluating and structurally transforming the former Technische Hochschule Ilmenau into the
Technical University of Ilmenau Technical may refer to: * Technical (vehicle), an improvised fighting vehicle * Technical area, an area which a manager, other coaching personnel, and substitutes are allowed to occupy during a football match * Technical advisor, a person who ad ...
.


Bibliography (selection)

* ''Kybernetische Grundlagen und Beschreibung kontinuierlicher Systeme.'' Verlag Technik, Berlin 1974, 3. Auflage 1996, . * Als Hrsg.: ''Large scale systems - theory and applications.'' IFAC symposia series 9, 1990. * ''Analyse und Synthese kontinuierlicher Steuerungs- und Regelungssysteme.'' Verlag Technik, Berlin 1996, . * ''Theorie der automatischen Steuerung.'' In: Eugen Philippow (Hrsg.): ''Taschenbuch der Elektrotechnik.'' Band 2, Verlag Technik, Berlin, Carl Hanser Verlag, München 1977.


Literature

* Leonhard, A.: ''Die selbsttätige Regelung in der Elektrotechnik.'' Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1940. * Oldenbourg, R. C., Sartorius, H.: ''Dynamik selbsttätiger Regelungen.'' Oldenbourg-Verlag, München, Berlin 1944. * Schäfer, O.: ''Grundlagen der selbsttätigen Regelung.'' Technischer Verlag Heinz Resch, Gräfelfing 1953, 7. Auflage 1974. * Oppelt, W.: ''Kleines Handbuch technischer Regelvorgänge.'' Verlag Chemie, Weinheim 1954, 5. Auflage Verlag Chemie, Weinheim und Verlag Technik, Berlin 1972. . * Schlitt, H.: ''Stochastische Vorgänge in linearen und nichtlinearen Regelkreisen.'' Vieweg Verlag, Braunschweig, Verlag Technik, Berlin 1968. * Töpfer, H.; Kriesel, W.: ''Funktionseinheiten der Automatisierungstechnik – elektrisch, pneumatisch, hydraulisch.'' Verlag Technik, Berlin und VDI-Verlag, Düsseldorf 1977, 5. Auflage 1988, . * Ulrich Korn, Hans-Helmut Wilfert: ''Mehrgrößenregelungen – moderne Entwurfsprinzipien im Zeit- und Frequenzbereich.'' Verlag Technik, Berlin und Springer-Verlag, Wien; New York 1982, . * Dittmann, F.: ''Zur Entwicklung der "Allgemeinen Regelungskunde" in Deutschland. Hermann Schmidt und die "Denkschrift zur Gründung eines Institutes für Regelungstechnik".'' In: Wiss. Zeitschrift TU Dresden. Jg. 44, Nr. 6, 1995, S. 88–94. * Kriesel, W.; Rohr, H.; Koch, A.: ''Geschichte und Zukunft der Mess- und Automatisierungstechnik.'' VDI-Verlag, Düsseldorf 1995, . * Fasol, K. H.: '' Hermann Schmidt, Naturwissenschaftler und Philosoph – Pionier der Allgemeinen Regelkreislehre in Deutschland.'' In: ''Automatisierungstechnik, München''. Jg. 49, Nr. 3, 2001, S. 138–144. * Weller, W.: ''Automatisierungstechnik im Überblick.'' Beuth Verlag Berlin, Wien, Zürich 2008, und als E-Book. * Starke, L.: ''Vom Hydraulischen Regler zum Prozessleitsystem. Die Erfolgsgeschichte der Askania-Werke Berlin und der Geräte- und Regler-Werke Teltow. 140 Jahre Industriegeschichte, Tradition und Zukunft.'' Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2009, . * Reinschke, K. J.: ''Verbindungen über das DDR-Territorium hinaus. Erinnerungen an Heinrich Kindler, erster Professor für Regelungstechnik an der TH Dresden.'' In: ''Dresdner UniversitätsJournal''. Nr. 20, 2009, S. 4. * Reinschke, K. J.: ''Erinnerung an Heinrich Kindler, erster Professor für Regelungstechnik an der TH Dresden.'' In: ''Automatisierungstechnik, München.'' Jg. 58, Nr. 06, 2010, S. 345–347. * Weller, W.: ''Automatisierungstechnik im Wandel der Zeit – Entwicklungsgeschichte eines faszinierenden Fachgebiets.'' Verlag epubli GmbH Berlin, 2013, . * Kriesel, W.: ''Prof. Hans-Joachim Zander zum 80. Geburtstag.'' In: ''Automatisierungstechnik, München.'' Jg. 61, H. 10, 2013, S. 722–724. * teNeumann, P.: ''Automatisierungstechnik an der Magdeburger Alma Mater.'' In: ''Der Maschinen- und Anlagenbau in der Region Magdeburg zu Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts. Zukunft aus Tradition.'' Verlag Delta-D, Axel Kühling, Magdeburg 2014, S. 215-219, . * Kriesel, W.: ''Zukunfts-Modelle für Informatik, Automatik und Kommunikation.'' In: Fuchs-Kittowski, Frank; Kriesel, Werner (Hrsg.): ''Informatik und Gesellschaft. Festschrift zum 80. Geburtstag von Klaus Fuchs-Kittowski.'' Frankfurt a. M., Bern, Bruxelles, New York, Oxford, Warszawa, Wien: Peter Lang Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, PL Academic Research 2016, (Print), E- (E-Book).


External links

*
Institut für Automatisierungs- und Systemtechnik



References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Reinisch, Karl German electrical engineers Engineering academics Academic staff of Technische Universität Ilmenau East German scientists 1921 births Engineers from Dresden 2007 deaths German military personnel of World War II