Judith C.M. Swinkels (born 4 June 1961) is a Dutch politician, she was a member of the

House of Representatives of the Netherlands The House of Representatives ( , literally "Second Chamber of the States General", or simply ) is the lower house of the Bicameralism, bicameral parliament of the Netherlands, the States General of the Netherlands, States General, the other one ...

for the

Democrats 66 Democrats 66 (; D66) is a social liberal and progressive political party in the Netherlands, which is positioned on the centre to centre-left of the political spectrum. It is a member of the Liberal International (LI) and the Alliance of Li ...

from 3 November 2015 to 23 March 2017. Previously she was a lawyer and judge.

Career

Swinkels was born on 4 June 1961 in

Tilburg Tilburg () is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and List of municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the Netherlands, in the southern Provinces of the Netherlands, province of North Brabant. With a population of 22 ...

. She went to the gymnasium in the same city between 1973 and 1979. She subsequently studied civil and European law at

Leiden University Leiden University (abbreviated as ''LEI''; ) is a Public university, public research university in Leiden, Netherlands. Established in 1575 by William the Silent, William, Prince of Orange as a Protestantism, Protestant institution, it holds the d ...

and graduated in 1984. Swinkels was occupied as a lawyer between 1985 and 1999. Between 1999 and 2002 she worked for the

Netherlands Competition Authority The Netherlands Competition Authority (Dutch: Nederlandse Mededingingsautoriteit, NMa) was the competition regulator for the Netherlands. After a merger with the Consumentenautoriteit and Onafhankelijke Post en Telecommunicatie Autoriteit on 1 A ...

. In 2002 Swinkels was appointed as judge in

Haarlem Haarlem (; predecessor of ''Harlem'' in English language, English) is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and Municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the Netherlands. It is the capital of the Provinces of the Nether ...

. The first five years she was judge for civil and trade law. In 2007 this became civil and family and youth law. In 2011 she switched to civil and criminal law. In the Parliamentary elections of 2012 Swinkels occupied number 14 on the Democrats 66 party list and was not elected as the party gained 12 seats. On 3 November 2015 Swinkels joined the

as replacement of Magda Berndsen. She took up the security and justice portfolio which Berndsen previously held. Swinkels had resigned as a judge on 1 November. Her term in the House ended on 23 March 2017.

References

External links

*
Parlement.com biography
{{DEFAULTSORT:Swinkels, Judith 1961 births Living people Democrats 66 politicians 21st-century Dutch judges 20th-century Dutch lawyers Leiden University alumni Dutch MPs 2012–2017 People from Tilburg 20th-century Dutch women lawyers 21st-century Dutch women lawyers 21st-century Dutch lawyers