José do Telhado or Zé do Telhado, nicknames of José Teixeira da Silva ( Castelões de Recesinhos, Penafiel, 22 June

1818 Events January–March * January 1 ** Battle of Koregaon: Troops of the British East India Company score a decisive victory over the Maratha Empire. ** Mary Shelley's ''Frankenstein'' is published anonymously in London. * January 2 – ...

— Mucari,

Malanje Malanje is the capital city of Malanje Province in Angola, with a population of 455,000 (2014 census), and a municipality, with a population of 506,847 (2014 census). Projected to be the thirteenth fastest growing city on the African continent b ...

Angola , national_anthem = "Angola Avante"() , image_map = , map_caption = , capital = Luanda , religion = , religion_year = 2020 , religion_ref = , coordina ...

1875 Events January–March * January 1 – The Midland Railway of England abolishes the Second Class passenger category, leaving First Class and Third Class. Other British railway companies follow Midland's lead during the rest of th ...

) was a Portuguese

bandit Banditry is a type of organized crime committed by outlaws typically involving the threat or use of violence. A person who engages in banditry is known as a bandit and primarily commits crimes such as extortion, robbery, and murder, either as an ...

. He served in the 2nd Lancers Regiment of the Portuguese Army, where he took part in July 1837 in a failed attempt to restore the Constitutional Charter of 1826. After this failed attempt, he took refuge in Spain. He returned to Portugal when a popular revolt grew against the anticlerical government of

Costa Cabral Costa may refer to: Biology * Rib (Latin: ''costa''), in vertebrate anatomy * Costa (botany), the central strand of a plant leaf or thallus * Costa (coral), a stony rib, part of the skeleton of a coral * Costa (entomology), the leading edge of th ...

, resulting in the 23 March 1846 Revolution of Maria da Fonte, which he joined. He placed himself at the orders of General Sá da Bandeira. For his bravery in action he was awarded a knight of the

Order of the Tower and Sword The Ancient and Most Noble Military Order of the Tower and of the Sword, of the Valour, Loyalty and Merit ( pt, Antiga e Muito Nobre Ordem Militar da Torre e Espada, do Valor, Lealdade e Mérito), before 1910 Royal Military Order of the Tower an ...

. However his faction lost, he collected debts of taxes he could not pay, and was expelled from the army. Soon after he became a notorious bandit. He was eventually captured in 31 March 1859, and presented to court in

Porto Porto or Oporto () is the second-largest city in Portugal, the capital of the Porto District, and one of the Iberian Peninsula's major urban areas. Porto city proper, which is the entire municipality of Porto, is small compared to its metropo ...

9 December 1859. He was sentenced to exile to the Portuguese colony of Angola where he lived for the remainder of his life in the area around

. He is regarded as a Portuguese equivalent of

Robin Hood Robin Hood is a legendary heroic outlaw originally depicted in English folklore and subsequently featured in literature and film. According to legend, he was a highly skilled archer and swordsman. In some versions of the legend, he is de ...

as he stole from the rich to give to the poor.Stead, Rorison & Scafidi p.296

Popular culture

Zé do Telhado's exploits rapidly became part of Portuguese

folklore Folklore is shared by a particular group of people; it encompasses the traditions common to that culture, subculture or group. This includes oral traditions such as Narrative, tales, legends, proverbs and jokes. They include material culture, r ...

and have been an inspiration for a number of plays and novels. Several films have been made about him, including the 1929 silent film '' José do Telhado'', the 1945 film '' José do Telhado'' and ''

The Return of José do Telhado ''The Return of José do Telhado'' (Portuguese: ''A Volta de José do Telhado'') is a 1949 Portuguese historical drama filmFatela p.259 directed by Armando de Miranda and starring Virgilio Teixeira as José do Telhado, a nineteenth century Port ...

'' in 1949.

References

Bibliography

* Mike Stead, Sean Rorison, Oscar Scafidi. ''Angola''. Bradt Travel Guides, 2013. 1818 births 1875 deaths Portuguese criminals Portuguese emigrants to Angola People from Penafiel 19th-century Portuguese people Outlaws {{Portugal-bio-stub