The Josutu League (, ) was the southernmost

league League or The League may refer to: Arts and entertainment * ''Leagues'' (band), an American rock band * ''The League'', an American sitcom broadcast on FX and FXX about fantasy football * ''League of Legends'', a 2009 multiplayer online battle a ...

of Inner

Mongolia during Qing rule Mongolia under Qing rule was the rule of the Manchu-led Qing dynasty of China over the Mongolian Plateau, including the four Outer Mongolian aimags ( "leagues") and the six Inner Mongolian aimags from the 17th century to the end of the dynas ...

. It occupied land that forms part of the modern-day Chinese provinces of

Liaoning ) , image_skyline = , image_alt = , image_caption = Clockwise: Mukden Palace in Shenyang, Xinghai Square in Dalian, Dalian coast, Yalu River at Dandong , image_map = Liaoning in China (+all claims hatched).svg , ...

Hebei Hebei is a Provinces of China, province in North China. It is China's List of Chinese administrative divisions by population, sixth-most populous province, with a population of over 75 million people. Shijiazhuang is the capital city. It bor ...

, and

Chifeng Chifeng,; also known as Ulanhad ( (Улаанхад хот), ''Ulaɣanqada qota'', , "red cliff") also known as Ulankhad in Mongolian, is a prefecture-level city in Southeastern Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. It borders Xilin Gol Le ...

in China's

Inner Mongolia Inner Mongolia, officially the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, is an Autonomous regions of China, autonomous region of China. Its border includes two-thirds of the length of China's China–Mongolia border, border with the country of Mongolia. ...

. The name of Josutu was named after a place in the Tumed Right (wing) Banner (not

Tumed Right Banner Tumed Right Banner (, zh, c=土默特右旗) is a banner of western Inner Mongolia Inner Mongolia, officially the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, is an Autonomous regions of China, autonomous region of China. Its border includes two-thirds ...

), where Mongol princes regularly gathered together to administer inter-banner affairs.

Divisions

The Josutu League consisted of two ayimag or five

banners A banner can be a flag or another piece of cloth bearing a symbol, logo, slogan or another message. A flag whose design is the same as the shield in a coat of arms (but usually in a square or rectangular shape) is called a banner of arms. Also, ...

. *

Tümed The Tümed (; ; "The many or ten thousands" derived from Tumen) are a Mongol subgroup. They live in Tumed Left Banner, district of Hohhot and Tumed Right Banner, district of Baotou in China. Most engage in sedentary agriculture, living in mixed ...

(or Eastern Tümed): two banners ** Tümed Left Wing Banner (Mongghuljin Banner), led by descendants of

Jelme Jelme (, ''Zelme''; 1160 – 1207) was a general and close companion of Genghis Khan. He was the older brother of Subutai and was of the Uriankhan clan.Richard A. Gabriel, ''Subotai the Valiant: Genghis Khan's Greatest General'', Westport, Conn.: ...

** Tümed Right Wing Banner, led by descendants of the Chinggisid

Altan Khan Altan Khan of the Tümed (2 January 1508 – 13 January 1582; ; Chinese: 阿勒坦汗), whose given name was Anda ( Mongolian: Алтан (Аньда); Chinese: 俺答), was the leader of the Tümed Mongols de facto ruler of the Right Wing, o ...

Kharachin The Kharchin ( Mongolian: , , ; zh, c=喀喇沁部), or Kharachin, is a subgroup of the Mongols residing mainly (and originally) in North-western Liaoning and Chifeng, Inner Mongolia. There are Khalkha-Kharchin Mongols in Dorno-Gobi Province ( ...

{{MongolUnicode, ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠨ: three banners, all of which were led by descendants of

** Kharachin Left Banner **

Kharachin Middle Banner The Kharchin (Mongolian: , , ; zh, c=喀喇沁部), or Kharachin, is a subgroup of the Mongols residing mainly (and originally) in North-western Liaoning and Chifeng, Inner Mongolia. There are Khalkha-Kharchin Mongols in Dorno-Gobi Province (K ...

** Kharachin Right Banner In addition, the Khalkha Banner (Tangghud-Khaklha Banner) was split from the Tümed Left Banner in 1913 under the Republic of China.

Dissolution

The league was dissolved in 1933 by the

Manchukuo Manchukuo, officially known as the State of Manchuria prior to 1934 and the Empire of Great Manchuria thereafter, was a puppet state of the Empire of Japan in Northeast China that existed from 1932 until its dissolution in 1945. It was ostens ...

government. Its territory is now distributed among the modern administrative regions: *

Fuxin County Fuxin Mongol Autonomous County ( zh, s=阜新蒙古族自治县), or simply Fuxin County ( zh, s=阜新县, label=no), is a county in the west of Liaoning of Northeast China. It is under the administration of Fuxin City. Administrative divisions ...

from the Tümed Left Banner. *

Chaoyang County Chaoyang County () is a county of northwestern Liaoning province, China. It is under the administration of Chaoyang city. Administrative divisions There are 1 Subdistrict, 14 towns and 12 townships in the county. Subdistrict: * Liucheng () Town ...

from the Tümed Right Banner. *

Lingyuan Lingyuan () is a city in the west of Liaoning province in Northeast China, bordering Hebei province and Inner Mongolia. It is under the administration of Chaoyang City, which lies to the east-northeast. Administrative Divisions There are eight ...

(or Jianchang) County from the Kharachin Left Banner. *

Pingquan County Pingquan () is a county-level city of northeastern Hebei province, China, bordering Liaoning province to the east. It has a population of 400,000 (2020 census) residing in an area of . It is a centre of trade and business, and gold and silver are ...

annexed a large portion of the Kharachin Right and Middle Banners. *

Jianping County Jianping () is a county in the west of Liaoning province, China, bordering Inner Mongolia to the north, west, and northeast. It is under the administration of Chaoyang City, the urban centre of which is more than to the east. The population was 4 ...

corresponds to an eastern portion of the Kharachin Right and Middle Banners. There remain two Mongol autonomous counties in Liaoning. * Some portion of the former Tümed Left Banner became

Fuxin Mongol Autonomous County Fuxin Mongol Autonomous County ( zh, s=阜新蒙古族自治县), or simply Fuxin County ( zh, s=阜新县, label=no), is a county in the west of Liaoning of Northeast China. It is under the administration of Fuxin City. Administrative divisions ...

, Fuxin City. * The remaining portion of the former Kharachin Left Banner became Kharachin Left Wing Mongol Autonomous County, Chaoyang City.

References

* Yamazaki Sōyo 山崎惣與, ''Manshū-koku chimei daijiten'' 滿洲國地名大辭典, p.556,758, 1941. History of Inner Mongolia History of Liaoning History of Hebei

Divisions

Dissolution

See also

References