Joniškėlis () is a
city
A city is a human settlement of a substantial size. The term "city" has different meanings around the world and in some places the settlement can be very small. Even where the term is limited to larger settlements, there is no universally agree ...
in the
Pasvalys district municipality
Pasvalys District Municipality is one of 60 municipalities in Lithuania.
Structure
District structure:
* 2 cities – Joniškėlis and Pasvalys;
* 7 towns – Daujėnai, Krikliniai, Krinčinas, Pumpėnai, Pušalotas, Saločiai and Vaškai;
* 3 ...
,
Lithuania
Lithuania, officially the Republic of Lithuania, is a country in the Baltic region of Europe. It is one of three Baltic states and lies on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, P ...
. It is located west of
Pasvalys
Pasvalys () is a city in Panevėžys County, Lithuania, located near the bank of the Svalia River.
History
In 1557, the Treaty of Pasvalys was signed in the town, which provoked Ivan IV of Russia to start the Livonian War. Pasvalys has mineral ...
. In the north of the road 150 (Siauliai-Pakruojis-Pasvalys).
Name
Versions of the city's name in other languages include
Polish
Polish may refer to:
* Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe
* Polish language
* Polish people, people from Poland or of Polish descent
* Polish chicken
* Polish brothers (Mark Polish and Michael Polish, born 1970), American twin ...
: ''Johaniszkiele'',
Russian
Russian(s) may refer to:
*Russians (), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries
*A citizen of Russia
*Russian language, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages
*''The Russians'', a b ...
: Иоганишкели ''Ioganishkeli'',
Yiddish
Yiddish, historically Judeo-German, is a West Germanic language historically spoken by Ashkenazi Jews. It originated in 9th-century Central Europe, and provided the nascent Ashkenazi community with a vernacular based on High German fused with ...
: יאַנישקעל ''Yonishkel''.
History
The
Joniškėlis estate, which belonged to ''Karpis'' family in known from the 17th century. In 1684 first wooden church was built. The town started to establish itself in the second half of 17th century. In 1736 King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania
Augustus III
Augustus III (; – "the Saxon"; ; 17 October 1696 5 October 1763) was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1733 until 1763, as well as Elector of Saxony in the Holy Roman Empire where he was known as Frederick Augustus II ().
He w ...
granted rights to organize market in the town. Owner of the Joniškėlis estate, Ignotas Karpis (1780–1808 m.) in his testament noted that part of the income from the estate should be spent for local hospital and school and peasants of his estate were freed from serfdom.
Before World War II, around 20% of the total population was Jewish. During the summer 1941, 200 Joniskelis Jews were shot to death by Germans in the Žadeikiai Forest in Pasvalys.
[ ]
References
Cities in Lithuania
Cities in Panevėžys County
Holocaust locations in Lithuania
{{PanevėžysCounty-geo-stub