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Johann André (28 March 1741 – 18 June 1799) was a German musician, composer and
Musikhaus André
*
Free score on mutopiaproject.org
{{DEFAULTSORT:Andre, Johann 1741 births 1799 deaths German Classical-period composers German music publishers (people) German opera composers Male opera composers People from Offenbach am Main 18th-century classical composers German male classical composers 18th-century German composers 18th-century German male musicians
Johann André (28 March 1741 – 18 June 1799) was a German musician, composer and music publisher
A music publisher is a type of publisher that specializes in distributing music. Music publishers originally published sheet music. When copyright became legally protected, music publishers started to play a role in the management of the intellect ...
of the Classical period. He was born and died in Offenbach am Main
Offenbach am Main () is a city in Hesse, Germany, on the left bank of the river Main. It borders Frankfurt and is part of the Frankfurt urban area and the larger Frankfurt Rhein-Main urban area. It has a population of 138,335 (December 2018).
...
.
In 1774, as the patriarch of a Huguenot
The Huguenots ( , also , ) were a religious group of French Protestants who held to the Reformed, or Calvinist, tradition of Protestantism. The term, which may be derived from the name of a Swiss political leader, the Genevan burgomaster Bez ...
family, André founded one of the first music publishing houses to be independent of a bookshop, in Offenbach am Main. Among his closest friends in Offenbach were Goethe
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (28 August 1749 – 22 March 1832) was a German poet, playwright, novelist, scientist, statesman, theatre director, and critic. His works include plays, poetry, literature, and aesthetic criticism, as well as t ...
, at the time of his engagement to Anna Elisabeth Schönemann, and he is pictured in the seventeenth book of Goethe's autobiography ''Dichtung und Wahrheit
''Aus meinem Leben: Dichtung und Wahrheit'' (''From my Life: Poetry and Truth''; 1811–1833) is an autobiography by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe that comprises the time from the poet's childhood to the days in 1775, when he was about to leave for ...
'' with an Offenbach am Main background in 1775.
In 1777, André was appointed musical director at the German theatre in Berlin
Berlin is Capital of Germany, the capital and largest city of Germany, both by area and List of cities in Germany by population, by population. Its more than 3.85 million inhabitants make it the European Union's List of cities in the European U ...
, the Deutsches Theater, without having to abandon Offenbach am Main, however. He composed some 30 operas, ballads and songs.
His son, Johann Anton André (1775–1842), followed his footsteps into composing and music theory. After taking over the music publishing business from his father in 1799, Johann Anton André acquired Mozart
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (27 January 17565 December 1791), baptised as Joannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart, was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical period. Despite his short life, his rapid pace of composition r ...
's musical legacy from Mozart's widow Constanze in Vienna. She entrusted him with writing concluding measures to the overture to ''Don Giovanni
''Don Giovanni'' (; K. 527; Vienna (1788) title: , literally ''The Rake Punished, or Don Giovanni'') is an opera in two acts with music by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart to an Italian libretto by Lorenzo Da Ponte. Its subject is a centuries-old Spani ...
'', so that it could be performed in concert.
He developed the music publishing business and introduced lithography
Lithography () is a planographic method of printing originally based on the immiscibility of oil and water. The printing is from a stone ( lithographic limestone) or a metal plate with a smooth surface. It was invented in 1796 by the German ...
for printing of notes
Note, notes, or NOTE may refer to:
Music and entertainment
* Musical note, a pitched sound (or a symbol for a sound) in music
* ''Notes'' (album), a 1987 album by Paul Bley and Paul Motian
* ''Notes'', a common (yet unofficial) shortened version ...
. ''Musikhaus André'' and the ''Musikverlag Johann André'', with their wide-ranging musical archive, still exist today in the centre of Offenbach.
Works
* '' Der Töpfer'' (Hanau
Hanau () is a town in the Main-Kinzig-Kreis, in Hesse, Germany. It is located 25 km east of Frankfurt am Main and is part of the Frankfurt Rhine-Main Metropolitan Region. Its station is a major railway junction and it has a port on the rive ...
, 1773)
* ''Erwin und Elmire
''Erwin und Elmire'' is an opera in two acts by Duchess Anna Amalia of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, with a libretto by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, after Oliver Goldsmith's ballad of Angelica and Edwin, ''The Hermit'', in his sentimental novel ''The Vi ...
'' (Frankfurt
Frankfurt, officially Frankfurt am Main (; Hessian: , " Frank ford on the Main"), is the most populous city in the German state of Hesse. Its 791,000 inhabitants as of 2022 make it the fifth-most populous city in Germany. Located on its ...
, 1775)
* ''Der alte Freyer'' (Frankfurt, 1775)
* ''Herzog Michael oder Die Nachtigall'' (Berlin
Berlin is Capital of Germany, the capital and largest city of Germany, both by area and List of cities in Germany by population, by population. Its more than 3.85 million inhabitants make it the European Union's List of cities in the European U ...
, 1775)
* ''Der Barbier von Sevilien oder Die unnütze Vorsicht'' (Berlin 1776)
* ''Die Bezauberten oder Peter und Hannchen'' (Berlin, 1777)
* ''Der Fürst im höchsten Glanze'' (Berlin, 1777)
* ''Die Schadenfreude'' (Berlin, 1778)
* ''Der Alchymist oder Der Liebesteufel'' (Berlin, 1778)
* ''Laura Rosetti'' (Berlin, 1778)
* ''Die Grazien'' (Berlin, 1778)
* ''Azakia'' (Berlin, 1778)
* ''Claudine von Villa Bella'' (Berlin, 1778)
* ''Das tartarische Gesetz'' (Berlin, 1779)
* ''Alter schützt vor Thorheit nicht'' (Mannheim
Mannheim (; Palatine German: or ), officially the University City of Mannheim (german: Universitätsstadt Mannheim), is the second-largest city in the German state of Baden-Württemberg after the state capital of Stuttgart, and Germany's ...
, 1779)
* ''Die Friedensfeyer oder Die unvermuthete Wiederkunft'' (Berlin, 1779)
* ''Friedrichs glorreichster Sieg'' (Berlin, 1779)
* ''Kurze Thorheit ist die beste'' (Berlin, 1780)
* ''Das wüthende Heer oder Das Mädchen im Thurme'' (Berlin, 1780)
* ''Heinrich der Erhabene aus dem Stamme der Brennen'' (Berlin, 1780)
* ''Der Zauberspiegel'' (Berlin, 1781)
* '' Belmont und Constanze oder Die Entführung aus dem Serail'' (Berlin, 1781)
* ''Mehr als Großmuth'' (Berlin, 1781)
* ''Elmine'' (Berlin, 1782)
* ''Eins wird doch helfen oder Die Werbung aus Liebe'' (Berlin, 1782)
* ''Der Liebhaber als Automat oder Die redende Maschine'' (Berlin, 1782)
* ''Der Barbier von Bagdad'' (Berlin, 1783)
* ''Der Bräutigam in der Klemme'' (Frankfurt, 1796)
See also
*Alois Senefelder
Johann Alois Senefelder (6 November 177126 February 1834) was a German actor and playwright who invented the printing technique of lithography in the 1790s.Meggs, Philip B. A History of Graphic Design. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1998. p 146
Ac ...
References
External links
*Musikhaus André
*
Free score on mutopiaproject.org
{{DEFAULTSORT:Andre, Johann 1741 births 1799 deaths German Classical-period composers German music publishers (people) German opera composers Male opera composers People from Offenbach am Main 18th-century classical composers German male classical composers 18th-century German composers 18th-century German male musicians