Jayarajadeva, also known as Jayaraja, () was the ninth king of

Nepal Nepal, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is mainly situated in the Himalayas, but also includes parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. It borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China Ch ...

and an illegitimate son of Jayanandadeva. Jayaraja succeeded Jayari Malla and reigned as a powerless monarch from 1348 until his death in 1361.

Reign

Background

Jayari Malla died in 1344 and left the throne vacant. A power struggle between the Bhonta House and Tripura House ensued. At that time,

Devaladevi Deval Devi (variantly known as Dewal Devi, Dewal Rani, Deval Rani and Dewal Di) was the daughter of Karan Deva II (the last sovereign of the Vaghela dynasty of Gujarat). She was married to Khizr Khan, the eldest son of Alauddin Khalji, in 1308. ...

, the sister of Rudra Malla, was the de facto head of Tripura House. Devaladevi, with her newly gained support of the courtiers, made an agreement with the Bhonta House that a king would be installed from the Bhontas, while she would control the entire valley as a de facto ruler. Following this agreement, Jayarajadeva was crowned as king in 1348. However, Devaladevi was given titles higher than his.

Expansion of dominion

Jayaraja had a prime minister named Aneka Rama whose son, Jayasimha Rama, served as the attendant for the heir apparent

Jayarjunadeva Jayarjunadeva, also known as Jayarjuna, () was the son of Jayarajadeva and the tenth king of Nepal. Jayarjuna succeeded his father in 1360 and reigned until his deposition in 1381. Reign Jayarjuna was proclaimed as the King in 1360, but his r ...

. Immediately after his ascension to the throne, Jayaraja, along with Aneka Rama, and Devaladevi brought Patan under the control of Nepal. They also annexed several villages including

Kirtipur Kirtipur (; Nepal Bhasa: किपू ''Kipoo'') is a Municipality and an ancient city of Nepal. The Newars are the natives of Kipoo (Kirtipur). It is located in the Kathmandu Valley 5 km south-west of the city of Kathmandu. It is one of th ...

. The rulers then started to grow the national reserve treasury of

Pashupatinath Pashupatinath may refer to: * Pashupatinath or Pashupati, Hindu god, a form of Shiva ** Pashupatinath Temple, Kathmandu, a temple in Nepal ** Pashupatinath Temple, Mandsaur, temple in India *** Pashupatinath Temple shooting, 1983 See also * *Pash ...

Bengal Invasion of 1349

Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah was the founder of the Sultanate of Bengal and its inaugural Ilyas Shahi dynasty. The Ilyas Shahi Dynasty ruled Bengal for 145 years (1342–1487), except for a 21-year interregnum by the House of Ganesha, descendants of R ...

Bengal Sultanate The Bengal Sultanate (Middle Bengali: , Classical Persian: ) was a Post-classical history, late medieval sultanate based in the Bengal region in the eastern South Asia between the 14th and 16th century. It was the dominant power of the Ganges- ...

invaded

around November 1349 and wreaked havoc in the valley. He came to Nepal with around 20,000 men and destroyed the image of Pashupati in

Pashupatinath temple Shri Pashupatinātha Temple () is a revered Hindu temple dedicated to Pashupati, a manifestation of the god Śiva. Located on the banks of the sacred Bagmati River in Kathmandu, Nepal, the temple is one of the oldest and most significant religiou ...

. He then raided Patan for a week, damaged several statutes of gods, and also destroyed a

stupa In Buddhism, a stupa (, ) is a domed hemispherical structure containing several types of sacred relics, including images, statues, metals, and '' śarīra''—the remains of Buddhist monks or nuns. It is used as a place of pilgrimage and m ...

Swayambhunath Swayambhu Maha Chaitya (Devanagari: स्वयम्भू स्तूप; Nepal Bhasa: स्वयंभू; Swayambhu Great Stupa, or ''Swayambu'' or ''Swoyambhu'') is an ancient religious complex atop a hill in the Kathmandu Valley, west ...

. The invaders did not stay for long and the valley gradually rebuilt itself up. The Ashoka Chaitya was repaired in 1357, the image on

was reinstalled by Jayasimha Rama in 1360 and the

shrine A shrine ( "case or chest for books or papers"; Old French: ''escrin'' "box or case") is a sacred space">-4; we might wonder whether there's a point at which it's appropriate to talk of the beginnings of French, that is, when it wa ...: ''escri ...

of Swayambhunath was repaired in 1372.

Entry of Jayasthiti Malla

On 26 September 1354,

Devalakshmidevi Devalakshmidevi (often known as Devaladevi) was the daughter of Jayatunga Malla of Bhaktapur, and the wife of King Harisimhadeva of Tirhut. She was a key figure in the Malla-era politics in the 14th century until her death on 18 April 1366. M ...

brought

Jayasthiti Malla Jayasthiti Malla, also spelled Jayasthitimalla, () was the eleventh Malla king of Nepal. His absolute rule over the valley began after deposing Jayarjunadeva in 1382 until his death in 1395. Origin and early life The ancestry of Jayasthiti ...

, a man of obscure but noble birth, from

Tirhut Mithila (), also known as Tirhut, Tirabhukti and Mithilanchal, is a geographical and cultural region of the Indian subcontinent bounded by the Mahananda River in the east, the Ganges in the south, the Gandaki River in the west and by the foothi ...

and married him to her granddaughter and the head of House Tripura, Rajalladevi. Jayasthiti Malla would later reunite the whole of Kathmandu valley and bring it under his rule.

Death

Jayaraja died in the beginning of 1361 having been burnt while asleep. He was succeeded by his son

following the prior agreement of 1348.

References

Citations

Bibliography

* * * {{authority control 1317 births 1361 deaths 14th-century Nepalese people Malla kings of the Kathmandu Valley Nepalese monarchs 14th-century monarchs in Asia