James Kerr Findlay
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James Kerr Findlay (25 January 1936 – 2 November 2019) was a
Scottish Scottish usually refers to something of, from, or related to Scotland, including: *Scottish Gaelic, a Celtic Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family native to Scotland *Scottish English *Scottish national identity, the Scottish ide ...
-born barrister and judge who was successively Hong Kong's Law Draftsman,
Solicitor General A solicitor general is a government official who serves as the chief representative of the government in courtroom proceedings. In systems based on the English common law that have an attorney general or equivalent position, the solicitor general ...
, and Director of Public Prosecutions. He was appointed to the
High Court of Justice The High Court of Justice in London, known properly as His Majesty's High Court of Justice in England, together with the Court of Appeal (England and Wales), Court of Appeal and the Crown Court, are the Courts of England and Wales, Senior Cour ...
(now the Court of First Instance) of Hong Kong in 1994. After retiring from the bench in 2000, Findlay was appointed as a
visiting judge A visiting judge is a judge appointed to hear a case as a member of a court to which he or she does not ordinarily belong. In United States federal courts, this is referred to as an assignment "by designation" of the Chief Justice of the United ...
and judicial commissioner of the
Supreme Court of Brunei Darussalam The Supreme Court of Brunei Darussalam is, in theory, the highest court of Brunei Darussalam, though its decisions are subject to appeal in civil cases to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council. The Chief Justice and other Judges of the Supr ...
from 2001 to 2022.


Early years

Findlay was born on 25 January 1936, in
Scotland Scotland is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It contains nearly one-third of the United Kingdom's land area, consisting of the northern part of the island of Great Britain and more than 790 adjac ...
. Most of his formative years were spent in
Wales Wales ( ) is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is bordered by the Irish Sea to the north and west, England to the England–Wales border, east, the Bristol Channel to the south, and the Celtic ...
. When he was about 18 years old, he moved for
Rhodesia Rhodesia ( , ; ), officially the Republic of Rhodesia from 1970, was an unrecognised state, unrecognised state in Southern Africa that existed from 1965 to 1979. Rhodesia served as the ''de facto'' Succession of states, successor state to the ...
and from 14 March 1954 to 13 March 1958, he worked as a
constable A constable is a person holding a particular office, most commonly in law enforcement. The office of constable can vary significantly in different jurisdictions. ''Constable'' is commonly the rank of an officer within a police service. Other peo ...
before switching to the Department of Justice. While he and others were escorting a dignitary, an intoxicated farmer struck him and seriously hurt him. He was in and out of the hospital for several years. He made the decision to leave the BSAP at that point and studied law from his bed.


Law career

At the age of 25, Findlay began his career as a stipendiary magistrate in Rhodesia from 1961 to 1964. He handled criminal cases, but the majority of his interlocutory cases and trials were civil in nature. He was called to the Bar in 1963. Following a number of professional changes, he was employed as a
Parliamentary Counsel Parliamentary counsel are lawyers who prepare drafts of legislation to be passed into law. The terms parliamentary drafter, parliamentary draftsman, legislative drafting officer and legislative counsel are also widely used. These terms are used ...
at the Lords Advocate's Chambers in
London London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in . London metropolitan area, Its wider metropolitan area is the largest in Wester ...
from 1978 to 1981. During this time, he was in charge of authoring a significant quantity of significant legislation, including the Criminal Justice (Scotland) Act.


Hong Kong

In 1981, Findlay began working at the Hong Kong Attorney General's Chambers as a Deputy Principal
Crown Counsel Crown counsel are lawyers, generally in Common Law jurisdictions, who provide advice to the government and acts as prosecutors in cases. In various jurisdictions their title can vary and they could also be known as the Queen's Advocate, King's Adv ...
. A year later, he was promoted to Principal Crown Counsel and given the position of Deputy Law Draftsman. In addition, he was in charge of creating a sizable quantity of weighty
legislation Legislation is the process or result of enrolling, enacting, or promulgating laws by a legislature, parliament, or analogous governing body. Before an item of legislation becomes law it may be known as a bill, and may be broadly referred ...
, such as the Conveyancing and Property Ordinance,
tax A tax is a mandatory financial charge or levy imposed on an individual or legal entity by a governmental organization to support government spending and public expenditures collectively or to regulate and reduce negative externalities. Tax co ...
,
landlord A landlord is the owner of property such as a house, apartment, condominium, land, or real estate that is rented or leased to an individual or business, known as a tenant (also called a ''lessee'' or ''renter''). The term landlord appli ...
, and tenant laws. He was appointed to the position of
Solicitor General A solicitor general is a government official who serves as the chief representative of the government in courtroom proceedings. In systems based on the English common law that have an attorney general or equivalent position, the solicitor general ...
from 1984 to 1986, and then Director of Public Prosecutions from 1986 to 1989. Findlay joined the
judiciary The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law ...
in March 1989 and served as a part-time Deputy High Court Judge for issues involving equity, building, and business. He was recommended for a permanent appointment as a High Court judge by the Judicial Services Commission the same year, but the appointment was blocked by then Chief Justice
Sir Ti-liang Yang Sir Ti-liang Yang, (; 30 June 1929 – 24 June 2023) was a Hong Kong judge. He was the Chief Justice of Hong Kong from 1988 to 1996, the only ethnic Chinese person to hold this office during British colonial rule. Yang was a candidate in ...
, because of Findlay's involvement in the Christopher Harris case, in which the Legal Department decided not to prosecute a senior prosecutor who was taped asking underage girls for sex. In March 1990, the commission decided not to recommend Findlay for appointment by a majority vote. Having failed to join the bench, Findlay returned to the Legal Department in May 1990 initially as an assistant to the
Attorney General In most common law jurisdictions, the attorney general (: attorneys general) or attorney-general (AG or Atty.-Gen) is the main legal advisor to the government. In some jurisdictions, attorneys general also have executive responsibility for law enf ...
, a post created for him. He was appointed Law Draftsman later that year. Findlay was finally elevated to the High Court on 16 September 1994, and was succeeded as Law Draftsman by Tony Yen yuen-ho, who became the first local lawyer to serve as Law Draftsman. Findlay served as a permanent judge on the Commercial, Construction, and Arbitration list for the Hong Kong High Court between 1994 and 2000. In 2007,
Grenville Cross Ian Grenville Cross ( zh, t=江樂士, born 15 June 1951) is a British barrister who was appointed Director of Public Prosecutions (DPP) of Hong Kong on 15 October 1997, and held this post for over 12 years, until 21 October 2009. He was the ...
, the then Director of Public Prosecutions, wrote an article in the ''Hong Kong Lawyer'' magazine in which he criticised Findlay, his predecessor, as an "unlikely choice" for the job as DPP, writing that while Findlay "did his best", he was "not a natural advocate", and that his "limited knowledge of prosecuting" had proved to be "problematic". In response, Findlay described the article as "pompous and patronising", stating that he was asked to argue appeal and judicial review cases by both the prosecutions and civil divisions even while he was solicitor general and law draftsman, and that he had prosecuted and defended hundreds of criminal cases in Zimbabwe and Scotland.


Brunei

Findlay retired in March 2000, began working as a chartered arbitrator, and was chosen to serve as a
visiting judge A visiting judge is a judge appointed to hear a case as a member of a court to which he or she does not ordinarily belong. In United States federal courts, this is referred to as an assignment "by designation" of the Chief Justice of the United ...
in the Supreme Court of Brunei Darussalam from 2001 till his death in 2022. Since his initial appointment as Judicial Commissioner of the Supreme Court on 30 August 2001, he has been a member of the Brunei Judiciary. Since 2001, he has presided over matters in the High Court as a visiting judge. Following an appeal at the High Court, a
clerk A clerk is a white-collar worker who conducts record keeping as well as general office tasks, or a worker who performs similar sales-related tasks in a retail environment. The responsibilities of clerical workers commonly include Records managem ...
at
Radio Televisyen Brunei Radio Television Brunei (, Jawi alphabet, Jawi: راديو تيليۏيشين بروني, officially abbreviated as RTB) is the national public broadcasting, public broadcaster of Brunei, headquartered at the Secretariat Building, Brunei, Secr ...
(RTB) who was found guilty of filing false payment claims against her employer was declared not guilty on 4 April 2015. As Judicial Commissioner Findlay, who heard the appeal, noted, "there were too many unsatisfactory features" in the case, the Court overturned the conviction. The High Court in this city convicted another former employee of
Brunei Shell Petroleum Brunei Shell Petroleum (BSP) is a joint venture between the Royal Dutch/Shell Group and government of Brunei, primarily responsible for the exploration and production of oil and liquefied natural gas (LNG). Originally known as the British Mal ...
(BSP) guilty of 49 counts of corruption on 19 February 2017, and she was given a six-year prison sentence. After a trial, Findlay found a former Senior Operations Supervisor at the Production Operations Division of the Seria Crude Oil Terminal, guilty of taking
bribes Bribery is the corrupt solicitation, payment, or acceptance of a private favor (a bribe) in exchange for official action. The purpose of a bribe is to influence the actions of the recipient, a person in charge of an official duty, to act contrar ...
from Musfada Enterprise.


Personal life

Findlay married South African-born Dawn Borchers in 1966. Dawn died on 6 September 2019, in Cape Town, while Findlay died a few months later.


Honours

Findlay has earned the following honours;


National

* Officer of the
Order of the British Empire The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British order of chivalry, rewarding valuable service in a wide range of useful activities. It comprises five classes of awards across both civil and military divisions, the most senior two o ...
(OBE;
1991 It was the final year of the Cold War, which had begun in 1947. During the year, the Soviet Union Dissolution of the Soviet Union, collapsed, leaving Post-soviet states, fifteen sovereign republics and the Commonwealth of Independent State ...
)


Foreign

* : **
Gold Bauhinia Star The Gold Bauhinia Star (, GBS) is the highest rank in Order of the Bauhinia Star, under the Order (distinction), honours system of Hong Kong, created in 1997 to replace the British honours system after the Handover of Hong Kong, transfer of sovere ...
(GBS; 2001) * : **
Order of Paduka Seri Laila Jasa The Most Distinguished Order of Paduka Seri Laila Jasa (), also translated as The Most Distinguished Order of Merit of Brunei, is an order of Brunei. It was established in February 1964 by Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III. Current classes The th ...
Second Class (DSLJ; 15 July 2018) – ''Dato Seri Laila Jasa''


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Findlay, James Kerr British judges on the courts of Brunei 21st-century Scottish judges 20th-century Scottish judges Officers of the Order of the British Empire Recipients of the Gold Bauhinia Star 2019 deaths 1936 births