Jagodina
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Jagodina ( sr-cyrl, Јагодина, ) is a
city A city is a human settlement of a substantial size. The term "city" has different meanings around the world and in some places the settlement can be very small. Even where the term is limited to larger settlements, there is no universally agree ...
and the administrative center of the
Pomoravlje District The Pomoravlje District (, ) is one of eight administrative districts of Šumadija and Western Serbia. It expands to the central parts of Serbia. According to the 2011 census results, it has a population of 214,536 inhabitants. The administrat ...
in central Serbia. It is situated on the banks of the Belica River, in the geographical region of
Šumadija Šumadija ( sr-Cyrl, Шумадија, ) is a geographical region in the central part of Serbia. The area used to be heavily covered with forests, hence the name (from ''šuma'' 'forest'). The city of Kragujevac is the administrative center of t ...
. The city itself has a population of 34,892 inhabitants, while its administrative area comprises 64,644 inhabitants.


Name

The town was first mentioned in 1399 as ''"Jagodna"'', derived from the Serbian word for 'strawberry' - ''Jagoda''. From 1946 to 1992 the town was renamed ''Svetozarevo'' ( sr-cyr, Светозарево, ) after the 19th-century Serbian socialist
Svetozar Marković Svetozar Marković ( sr-Cyrl, Светозар Марковић, ; 9 September 1846 – 26 February 1875) was a Serbian political activist, literary critic and socialist philosopher. He developed an activistic anthropological philosophy ...
.


History


Early history

In the early Neolithic settlement, the world's largest collection of prehistoric artefacts was found, with nearly a 100 manlike figures made of stone, bones and clay, about 8000 years old. Geophysical research in 2012 in the area of Belica uncovered a prehistoric settlement, surrounded by a circular trench that has a diameter. Inside that circle, triangular, trapezoid and circular shaped foundations of monumental structures were found, unlike any found in other early Neolithic settlements. Gold bracelets similar to ones found on the nearby Juhor mountain dating to the
Middle Bronze Age The Bronze Age () was a historical period characterised principally by the use of bronze tools and the development of complex urban societies, as well as the adoption of writing in some areas. The Bronze Age is the middle principal period of ...
have been found in Trućevac. In addition,
Bronze Age The Bronze Age () was a historical period characterised principally by the use of bronze tools and the development of complex urban societies, as well as the adoption of writing in some areas. The Bronze Age is the middle principal period of ...
settlement has been discovered in a part of town called Sarina Međa. In the village of Belica, near Jagodina, Europe's oldest sanctuary is found.


Ancient times

On top of Juhor mountain there was a Celtic
oppidum An ''oppidum'' (: ''oppida'') is a large fortified Iron Age Europe, Iron Age settlement or town. ''Oppida'' are primarily associated with the Celts, Celtic late La Tène culture, emerging during the 2nd and 1st centuries BC, spread acros ...
, and in the village of Novo Lanište a
Triballi The Triballi (, ) were an ancient people who lived in northern Bulgaria in the region of Roman Oescus up to southeastern Serbia, possibly near the territory of the Morava Valley in the late Iron Age. The Triballi lived between Thracians to the ...
settlement. With the Roman conquest of 74 BCE, the territory of today's Jagodina fell under the Roman authority. Romans had a castle on the hill known as Đurđevo Brdo, and a settlement beneath it. Ad Octavium was a spot on the military road upon which the village Dražmirovac stands today.


Мedieval history

Coins of Emperor Phokas and
Constantine IV Constantine IV (); 650 – 10 July 685), called the Younger () and often incorrectly the Bearded () out of confusion with Constans II, his father, was Byzantine emperor from 668 to 685. His reign saw the first serious check to nearly 50 years ...
from 643/4 and fibulae have been found in the region, as well as
Early Slavic The early Slavs were speakers of Indo-European languages, Indo-European dialects who lived during the Migration Period and the Early Middle Ages (approximately from the 5th to the 10th centuries AD) in Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Ea ...
pottery dating to the 6th century. In 1183 Grand Prince
Stefan Nemanja Stefan Nemanja (Serbian Cyrillic alphabet, Serbian Cyrillic: , ; – 13 February 1199) was the Grand Prince (Grand Župan#Serbia, Veliki Župan) of the Grand Principality of Serbia, Serbian Grand Principality (also known as Raška (region), Raš ...
liberated the areas of Belica, Levač and Lepenica from the rule of Byzantine Empire. Jagodina was situated in the Belica county. Jagodina was first mentioned in 1399 in a letter to Princess Milica (the wife of Prince Lazar Hrebeljanović). Its second recorded mention was in 1411, when the Parliament was held there. After the year 1458, Jagodina falls into the hands of the Ottoman Empire. During the second half of the 15th century, in the Ottoman Empire's tax registers, a certain Miloš Belmužević is mentioned as the landlord of Jagodina. He later fled to
Hungary Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning much of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and ...
.


Ottoman period

During the middle of the 16th century Jagodina becomes a feud of a Dervish-bey Jahjapašić. A large mosque is built there in 1555, and sometime later, another one. Jagodina had two caravan stations and a public bathroom. In Jagodina, by the command of Dervish-bey, certain German clockmaker built a clock tower, which was a rarity in
Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Centr ...
at the time. In 1553-1557 the travelers refer to Jagodina as a beautiful settlement with 4 caravan stations and two mosques. In it lived more of
sipahi The ''sipahi'' ( , ) were professional cavalrymen deployed by the Seljuk Turks and later by the Ottoman Empire. ''Sipahi'' units included the land grant–holding ('' timar'') provincial ''timarli sipahi'', which constituted most of the arm ...
s and Ottoman soldiers, and less Christian Serbs. It had a Turkish school. With the status of a palanka (small town), Jagodina is mentioned in 1620, as a small stop on the road to Istanbul. In the year 1660, a traveler named Evlija Čelebija states that the town has 1500 houses and that the entire population is made of Christians that were converted to Islam. In the middle of the 17th century Jagodina gets its own
bedesten A bedesten (variants: bezistan, bezisten, bedestan) is a type of covered market or market hall which was historically found in the cities of the Ottoman Empire. It was typically the central building of the commercial district of an Ottoman town o ...
. After the Austrian-Turkish war (1716–1718), Jagodina becomes the capital of the District of Jagodina. According to Austrian register in 1721. Jagodina had 162 families living in it. After the new Austrian-Turkish war (1737–1739), Serbia is back under the Ottoman rule.


Modern history

During the
Serbian Revolution The Serbian Revolution ( / ') was a national uprising and constitutional change in Serbia that took place between 1804 and 1835, during which this territory evolved from an Sanjak of Smederevo, Ottoman province into a Revolutionary Serbia, reb ...
(1804–1815), when Serbs began their uprising against the centuries-long Ottoman rule, Jagodina was a scene of numerous battles, given the town's strategic importance within Serbia proper. Following the Ottoman defeat and re-establishment of the
Kingdom of Serbia The Kingdom of Serbia was a country located in the Balkans which was created when the ruler of the Principality of Serbia, Milan I of Serbia, Milan I, was proclaimed king in 1882. Since 1817, the Principality was ruled by the Obrenović dynast ...
, Jagodina experienced a period of relative industrial and civic development. From 1929 to 1941, Jagodina was part of the Morava Banovina of the
Kingdom of Yugoslavia The Kingdom of Yugoslavia was a country in Southeast Europe, Southeast and Central Europe that existed from 1918 until 1941. From 1918 to 1929, it was officially called the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, but the term "Yugoslavia" () h ...
. Following
World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
, Jagodina was heavily industrialized and underwent a period of planned expansion and growth within communist Yugoslavia. Jagodina was given the status of a
city A city is a human settlement of a substantial size. The term "city" has different meanings around the world and in some places the settlement can be very small. Even where the term is limited to larger settlements, there is no universally agree ...
in December 2007.


Settlements

The City of Jagodina includes the following settlements: *Jagodina (proper) * Bagrdan * Belica * Bresje * Bukovče * Bunar * Vinorača * Voljavče * Vranovac * Vrba * Glavinci *
Glogovac Glogovac may refer to: Places * Glogovac, Kosovo, a town near Pristina * Glogovac, Bogatić, Serbia * Glogovac, Knjaževac, Serbia * Glogovac, Bela Palanka, Serbia * Glogovac, Jagodina, Serbia * Glogovac, Croatia, a village near Koprivnički Bregi ...
* Gornje Štiplje * Gornji Račnik * Deonica * Dobra Voda * Donje Štiplje * Donji Račnik * Dragocvet * Dragoševac * Dražmirovac * Duboka * Ivkovački Prnjavor * Jošanički Prnjavor * Kalenovac * Kovačevac * Kolare * Končarevo * Kočino Selo * Lovci * Lozovik (Jagodina) * Lukar * Majur * Mali Popović * Medojevac * Međureč * Miloševo * Mišević * Novo Lanište * Rajkinac * Rakitovo * Ribare * Ribnik * Siokovac * Slatina * Staro Lanište * Staro Selo * Strižilo * Topola *
Trnava Trnava (, , ; , also known by other #Names and etymology, alternative names) is a city in western Slovakia, to the northeast of Bratislava, on the Trnávka river. It is the capital of the Trnava Region and the Trnava District. It is the seat o ...
* Crnče * Šantarovac * Šuljkovac


Demographics

By 1837, Jagodina had 5,220 inhabitants, while Serbia proper had a population of 41,374. In the 1866 census, there were 4,429 inhabitants. Even until 1876, Jagodina was still an agricultural town with 91.88% of the population being in some way associated with agriculture. By the 1930s Jagodina had 6,950 citizens, and by 1961 the town had 19,769 inhabitants. By 1971 the number grew to 27,500 and by 1991 it rose to 36,000, while the municipal area had 77,000 citizens. Jagodina obtained city rights in December 2007. As of 2011, the city of Jagodina has a population of 71,852 inhabitants, while the urban area has 43,311 inhabitants.


Ethnic groups

The ethnic composition of the municipality:


Administration

Ratko Stevanović, vice president of
United Serbia United Serbia (, abbr. JS) is a national-conservative political party in Serbia. It split from the Party of Serbian Unity in 2004. The party has supported every government formed since its creation, and was briefly in government in 2022–23. ...
party, is the mayor of Jagodina. He was elected in May 2012. The President of City Assembly is Dragan Marković Palma, who was the mayor of Jagodina from 2004 to 2012.


Culture


Festivals

* Days of comedy * Musical fall (Jagodina)
Meeting of the village
* Etno fest


Theatres


National theatre Jagodina
* Amateur theatre Jagodina * Children's theatre Jagodina


Museums

* Museum of Jagodina * Museum of Naïve and Marginal Art * Wax Museum


Cinemas

Jagodina has one cinema also serving as a theatre with some 400 seats.


Other

* Historical Archive "Srednje Pomoravlje" of Jagodina


Tourism

When the Aqua Park and Zoo opened, the tourism rate in Jagodina started to rise exponentially. More attractions were added in order to increase tourism. In April 2015, a new artificial waterfall was opened in the park "Potok". It was constructed in only twelve days, spanning the height of twelve meters. It is one of the longest waterfalls in Serbia, and it cost around 7 million dinars to complete. Jagodina attracted around 500,000 people in 2014 and 2015, and that number is expected to increase in the future. Besides those attractions, the city has a stadium and a sport centre, which provide space for sporting events.


Tourist attractions

;Artificial waterfall Jagodina built the largest artificial waterfall in the Balkans in 2014-2015. It is 8 meters high, and 12 meters wide, and at night the colors on the water change to different hues. The waterfall is in the city park where outdoor performances are held in the summer; it is part of a larger plan of reconstruction of the city. In the decade of 2005-2015, the city has progressed as a tourist destination. Plans have been made to reconstruct all of the parks in the city and the city center. ;Aqua Park Jagodina recently opened a
Aqua Park
on July 24, 2007. Its opening attracted many people from
Belgrade Belgrade is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Serbia, largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers and at the crossroads of the Pannonian Basin, Pannonian Plain and the Balkan Peninsula. T ...
and other larger cities. Musical performers attend the opening. ;Vivo shopping park Vivo shopping park, opened 19 September 2014, spreads across 25,000 square meters, while the buildings themselves occupy 10,000 square meters. They contain around 33 stores which sell international and domestic products. Vivo shopping park attracts people not only from the local region, but from several other cities as well, including
Belgrade Belgrade is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Serbia, largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers and at the crossroads of the Pannonian Basin, Pannonian Plain and the Balkan Peninsula. T ...
. ;Zoo Jagodina opened its zoo on July 10, 2006, at a cost of 30 million Serbian dinars. The city invested 40% and donors provided 60% of the costs while the biggest donor was the Belgrade Zoo. The zoo is located in the complex of the city park "Đurđevo brdo", a designated nature park, with an area of 20,074 square meters. It has pedestrian zones for children, the old and disabled persons, and generally a high-quality infrastructure. The Jagodina Zoo is the third largest in Serbia, next to Belgrade and Palić. It currently houses some 100 different species of animals.


Education

The first primary school in Jagodina was opened in 1808. Today, there are 11 primary schools in Jagodina of which 6 are in the city and five are in the rural area, with 36 regional offices. There are also 4 secondary schools and two universities, one public (founded in 1898) and one private (Megatrend University).


Economy and industry

Jagodina was heavily industrialized following World War II. The biggest factory in Jagodina is the cable factory. The Cable Factory Jagodina (FKS) was founded in 1947 and regular production began in 1955. In addition to cables, FKS produces connectors and similar cable products. FKS employs about 8,000 workers, and it is the biggest Serbian cable factory: 50% of Serbian cable is produced in Jagodina. About two-thirds of its production is placed on the foreign market, representing more than 60% of the total exports of the Serbian cable industry. Other bigger factories include: * FKS Cable factory * Jagodina Brewery (since 1852) * " Juhor" meat industry * FEMAN - Cable accessories factory * Metalka Majur - Cable accessories factory * Biro inzenjering - Construction company * Confezioni Andrea - Car cover factory In the village of Lozovik there is an
onyx Onyx is a typically black-and-white banded variety of agate, a silicate mineral. The bands can also be monochromatic with alternating light and dark bands. ''Sardonyx'' is a variety with red to brown bands alternated with black or white bands. ...
mine, which is currently not functional. ;Economic figures The following table gives a preview of total number of registered people employed in legal entities per their core activity (as of 2018):


Traffic


Roads

The total length of roads in the city of Jagodina is . There are 5 regional roads, long and 32 local roads, long. Except for the international highway A1 motorway (E-75; section Belgrade - Niš), which goes by the city for about , there are no other major highways. As for the roads of regional significance, the following pass through the city: * R.108 Ćuprija - Svilajnac * R.110 Kragujevac - Svilajnac * R.214 Kruševac - Paraćin - Lapovo (the old route of "Istanbul Road") * R.217 from Gilja to Varvarin and Kruševac * R.218 from regional road R.214 towards Rekovac


Railway

An electric double-track railway goes through Jagodina which connects Central Europe with Southern Europe and Asia.Total length of railway network in the city is , of which are electric. Railway stations in Jagodina are: * Miloševo * Bagrdan * Novo Lanište * Bukovče (Jagodina) *Jagodina (city) *Gilje


Airport

Jagodina Airport is situated in the close vicinity of Jagodina, about northwest of town centre. Jagodina Mayor Dragan Markovic Palma said on 16 January 2015 that Jagodina will get a new airport and it will finish in 3 years.


Important dates in Jagodina

* 1399 - The first mention of Jagodina * 1737 - Declaration of war against the Turks take place in Jagodina * 1808 - First primary school opened in Jagodina * 1846 - Glass factory opened in Jagodina called "Avramovac". It was the first glass factory in Serbia. * 1884 - First railway station built in Jagodina. * 1999 - Jagodina bombed by NATO forces


International relations


Twin towns — Sister cities

Jagodina is twinned with: *
Corinth Corinth ( ; , ) is a municipality in Corinthia in Greece. The successor to the ancient Corinth, ancient city of Corinth, it is a former municipality in Corinthia, Peloponnese (region), Peloponnese, which is located in south-central Greece. Sin ...
,
Greece Greece, officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. Located on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula, it shares land borders with Albania to the northwest, North Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to th ...
* Chrysoupoli,
Greece Greece, officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. Located on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula, it shares land borders with Albania to the northwest, North Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to th ...
* Dubica,
Bosnia-Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina, sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina and informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe. Situated on the Balkan Peninsula, it borders Serbia to the east, Montenegro to the southeast, and Croatia to the north a ...
*
Delčevo Delčevo ( ) is a small town in the eastern mountainous part of North Macedonia. It is the municipal seat of Delčevo Municipality. The town is named after the revolutionary leader Goce Delčev. History Delčevo, according to a legend in ...
,
North Macedonia North Macedonia, officially the Republic of North Macedonia, is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe. It shares land borders with Greece to the south, Albania to the west, Bulgaria to the east, Kosovo to the northwest and Serbia to the n ...
*
Marsa Alam Marsa Alam ( ' , Classical Arabic ) is a tourist List of cities and towns in Egypt, town in south-eastern Egypt, located on the western shore of the Red Sea. It is described as a "popular" tourist destination. Marsa Alam is a relatively recently ...
,
Egypt Egypt ( , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country spanning the Northeast Africa, northeast corner of Africa and Western Asia, southwest corner of Asia via the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to northe ...
*
Novi Pazar Novi Pazar ( sr-cyr, Нови Пазар) is a List of cities in Serbia, city located in the Raška District of southwestern Serbia. As of the 2022 census, the urban area has 71,462 inhabitants, while the city administrative area has 106,720 inha ...
,
Serbia , image_flag = Flag of Serbia.svg , national_motto = , image_coat = Coat of arms of Serbia.svg , national_anthem = () , image_map = , map_caption = Location of Serbia (gree ...
*
Verona Verona ( ; ; or ) is a city on the Adige, River Adige in Veneto, Italy, with 255,131 inhabitants. It is one of the seven provincial capitals of the region, and is the largest city Comune, municipality in the region and in Northeast Italy, nor ...
,
Italy Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe, Western Europe. It consists of Italian Peninsula, a peninsula that extends into the Mediterranean Sea, with the Alps on its northern land b ...
* Csepel,
Hungary Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning much of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and ...


Sport

* The association football team
FK Jagodina Fudbalski klub Jagodina () is a Serbian professional Association football, football club based in the city of Jagodina, which plays in the Serbian League East, the third tier in Serbia's football league. The club was founded in 1919 under the na ...
play at the Jagodina City Stadium. *
Motorcycle speedway Motorcycle speedway, usually referred to simply as speedway, is a motorcycle sport involving four and sometimes up to six riders competing over four clockwise, anti-clockwise laps of an oval circuit. The motorcycles are specialist machines that ...
existed in the city during the 1960s, the Stadion Automoto Drustvo Svetozarevo (location unknown) held qualifying rounds of the 1964 Speedway World Team Cup and the 1968 Individual Speedway World Championship.


Notable people

* Stevča Mihailović,
Prime Minister of Serbia The prime minister of Serbia ( sr-Cyrl, премијер Србије, premijer Srbije; feminine gender, feminine: премијерка/premijerka), officially the president of the Government of the Republic of Serbia ( sr-Cyrl, председн ...
* Milan Piroćanac,
Prime Minister of Serbia The prime minister of Serbia ( sr-Cyrl, премијер Србије, premijer Srbije; feminine gender, feminine: премијерка/premijerka), officially the president of the Government of the Republic of Serbia ( sr-Cyrl, председн ...
* Momčilo Ninčić, Minister, diplomat, politician, president of
League of Nations The League of Nations (LN or LoN; , SdN) was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. It was founded on 10 January 1920 by the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920), Paris Peace ...
* Petar Gračanin, President of the Presidency of SR Serbia * Živorad Kovačević, diplomat, politician, NGO activist, academic and writer,
Mayor of Belgrade The mayor of Belgrade () is the head of the City of Belgrade (the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Serbia, largest city of Serbia). The mayor acts on behalf of the city, and performs an Executive (government), executive function in th ...
* Dušan A. Popović, Serbian politician *
Bata Živojinović Velimir "Bata" Živojinović ( sr-Cyrl, Велимир "Бата" Живојиновић; 5 June 1933 – 22 May 2016) was a Yugoslav and Serbian actor and politician. He appeared in more than 340 films and TV series, and is regarded as one of ...
, Serbian actorBata Živojinović – najveći srpski glumac
/ref> *
Goran Maksimović Goran Maksimović ( sr-cyrl, Горан Максимовић; born 27 July 1963 in Svetozarevo) is a Serbian sport shooter and Olympic Champion for Yugoslavia. He won a gold medal in the 10 metre air rifle event at the 1988 Summer Olymp ...
, Serbian sports shooter and 1988 Olympic champion * Duda Yankovich Former boxing light welterweight world champion. * Ivan Maksimović, guitarist and composer * Mir-Jam, Serbian writer * Milan Nikolić, musician and accordionist who represented
Serbia , image_flag = Flag of Serbia.svg , national_motto = , image_coat = Coat of arms of Serbia.svg , national_anthem = () , image_map = , map_caption = Location of Serbia (gree ...
with Marko Kon in the
Eurovision Song Contest 2009 The Eurovision Song Contest 2009 was the 54th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest. It took place in Moscow, Russia, following the country's victory at the with the song "Believe (Dima Bilan song), Believe" by Dima Bilan. Organised by the Eu ...
*
Zvonko Milojević Zvonko Milojević ( sr-Cyrl, Звонко Милојевић; born 30 August 1971) is a Serbian retired football goalkeeper. Club career Having made his first team debut for Red Star Belgrade at only 17 years of age in the return leg of the 19 ...
, football player *Miloš Radojević, football player * Živan Vulić, painter *
Stefana Veljković Stefana Veljković ( sr-cyr, Стефана Вељковић; born 9 January 1990, in Svetozarevo) is a Serbian volleyball player who competed in the 2008 Summer Olympics, 2008, 2012 Summer Olympics, 2012 and 2016. In 2016, she won the silver med ...
, professional volleyball player, World and European champion, silver medalist at the
2016 Summer Olympics The 2016 Summer Olympics (), officially the Games of the XXXI Olympiad () and officially branded as Rio 2016, were an international multi-sport event held from 5 to 21 August 2016 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, with preliminary events i ...


See also

*
List of places in Serbia This is the list of populated places in Serbia (excluding Kosovo), as recorded by the 2002 census, sorted alphabetically by municipalities. Settlements denoted as " urban" (towns and cities) are marked bold. Population for every settlement is ...
*
Šumadija Šumadija ( sr-Cyrl, Шумадија, ) is a geographical region in the central part of Serbia. The area used to be heavily covered with forests, hence the name (from ''šuma'' 'forest'). The city of Kragujevac is the administrative center of t ...
* Pomoravlje


References

;Notes


External links

*
Jagodina Museum of Naive and Marginal Arts

Jagodina Museum of Wax Figures

Jagodina City Theatre

Jagodina Library
{{Authority control Populated places in Pomoravlje District Šumadija Municipalities and cities of Šumadija and Western Serbia