Jacob Theodoor Cremer (born 30 June 1847 in

Zwolle Zwolle () is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and Municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the Northeastern Netherlands. It is the Capital city, capital of the Provinces of the Netherlands, province of Overijssel ...

– died 14 August 1923 in Amsterdam) was a

tobacco Tobacco is the common name of several plants in the genus '' Nicotiana'' of the family Solanaceae, and the general term for any product prepared from the cured leaves of these plants. More than 70 species of tobacco are known, but the ...

magnate and administrator for the Deli Company in

Sumatra Sumatra () is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the list of islands by area, sixth-largest island in the world at 482,286.55 km2 (182,812 mi. ...

. He was from the

Netherlands , Terminology of the Low Countries, informally Holland, is a country in Northwestern Europe, with Caribbean Netherlands, overseas territories in the Caribbean. It is the largest of the four constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Nether ...

. He also became a politician and was a member of the Lower House (1884–1894 and 1901–1905). From 1897 – 1901 he was Minister of Colonies. He was President Dutch Trading Company, Amsterdam (1907–1912).Jacob Cremer
Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences Cremer began working the

Dutch East Indies The Dutch East Indies, also known as the Netherlands East Indies (; ), was a Dutch Empire, Dutch colony with territory mostly comprising the modern state of Indonesia, which Proclamation of Indonesian Independence, declared independence on 17 Au ...

for the Dutch Trading Company in Batavia (now

Jakarta Jakarta (; , Betawi language, Betawi: ''Jakartè''), officially the Special Capital Region of Jakarta (; ''DKI Jakarta'') and formerly known as Batavia, Dutch East Indies, Batavia until 1949, is the capital and largest city of Indonesia and ...

). Cremer bought the Duin and Kruidberg estate in Santpoort and lived in the "House of Columns" in Amsterdam during the winter. He co-initiated of the Coolie Ordinance (1880) which restricted workers from changing employers and allowed

corporal punishment A corporal punishment or a physical punishment is a punishment which is intended to cause physical pain to a person. When it is inflicted on Minor (law), minors, especially in home and school settings, its methods may include spanking or Padd ...

. The ordinance was revoked in 1931 after the United States threatened a boycott of Dutch products. He founded the Netherlands Shipbuilding Company, and co-founded the Bouwonderneming Jordan NV, Royal Packet-Society, Dutch Shipbuilding Company and in 1910 the Society Colonial Institute (now Royal Tropical Institute) with Dr. Henri François Rudolf Hubrecht. He authored the first Dutch-Indonesian Mining Law. From 1907 to 1913 he was president of the Nederlandsche Handel-Company. He co-founded the Colonial Institute in Amsterdam in 1910. In 1912 he sold his house on the

Herengracht The Herengracht () is the second of four Amsterdam canals belonging to the canal belt and lies between the Singel and the Keizersgracht. The Gouden Bocht (Golden Bend) in particular is known for its large and beautiful canal houses. History Th ...

to Cornelis Johannes Karel van Aalst, and lived permanently in Santpoort. In 1920 he became a member of the Dutch Senate. Cremer served as ambassador to the United States from van 17 October 1918 until May 1921.

Gallery

File:Jacob Theodoor Cremer (1860), KIT.jpg, With his wife during their first stay in the Dutch East Indies (1860) File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM J.T. Cremer en zijn echtgenote tijdens een bezoek aan een Karo Batak dorp TMnr 10018615.jpg, J.T. Cremer and his wife in a visit to a Karo people village (early 20th century) File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Het standbeeld van J.T. Cremer voor het kantoor van de Deli Planters Vereniging TMnr 10018593.jpg, Statue of Cremer in front of the office of the Deli Planters Association File:WLANL - jankie - Jacob Theodoor Cremer (1847-1928), Ned.Indië.jpg, Super creepy statue at the Tropical Museum in Amsterdam

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cremer, Jacob 1847 births 1923 deaths 19th-century Dutch businesspeople 20th-century Dutch businesspeople 19th-century Dutch politicians 20th-century Dutch politicians 20th-century Dutch diplomats People from Zwolle Ambassadors of the Netherlands to the United States Ministers of colonial affairs of the Netherlands