Jacme or Iacme Gril(s)Other manuscript variants include ''Iacine'' and ''Grill''. (; fl. 1244–1262) was a Genoese

troubadour A troubadour (, ; ) was a composer and performer of Old Occitan lyric poetry during the High Middle Ages (1100–1350). Since the word ''troubadour'' is etymologically masculine, a female equivalent is usually called a ''trobairitz''. The tr ...

of the mid-thirteenth century. He wrote two ''

tenso A ''tenso'' (; ) is a style of troubadour song. It takes the form of a debate in which each voice defends a position; common topics relate to love or ethics. Usually, the tenso is written by two different poets, but several examples exist in whic ...

s'' which survive, one with Lanfranc Cigala and another (fragmentary) one with

Simon Doria Simon Doria (, ; fl. 1250–1293) was a Genoa, Genoese statesman and man of letters, of the important Doria (family), Doria family. As a troubadour he wrote six surviving ''tensos'', four with Lanfranc Cigala, one incomplete with Jacme Grils, a ...

. There are several "Giacomo Grillos" mentioned in thirteenth-century documents from Genoa and it is difficult to definitively identify the troubadour with one. Chronologically, the Giacomo mentioned in an act of 15 August 1281 was probably not the troubadour. There were a Giacomo Grillo di Andrea and another di Alberto, but these are also unlikely candidates. The most likely is a

judge A judge is a person who wiktionary:preside, presides over court proceedings, either alone or as a part of a judicial panel. In an adversarial system, the judge hears all the witnesses and any other Evidence (law), evidence presented by the barris ...

who appeared in an act of 4 June 1257 concerning a division of property of the margraves of

Ponzone Ponzone is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italy, Italian region Piedmont, located about southeast of Turin and about southwest of Alessandria. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,217 and an area of ...

. He was definitely a contemporary of Lanfranc. This is probably the same Giacomo as was responsible for providing lodging for

Pope Innocent IV Pope Innocent IV (; – 7 December 1254), born Sinibaldo Fieschi, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 25 June 1243 to his death in 1254. Fieschi was born in Genoa and studied at the universities of Parma and Bolo ...

at Stella in 1244 and appears in an act of 7 March 1247 in the ''Liber Jurium Januae''. He was also elected one of the fifteen ''reggitori della città'' ( rectors of the city) in 1262 after the overthrow of

Guglielmo Boccanegra Guglielmo Boccanegra was a Genoese statesman, the first ''capitano del popolo'' of the Republic of Genoa, from 1257 to 1262, exercising a real lordship, assisted in the government by a council of 32 elders. Biography Origin and early years T ...

. Luca Grimaldi, another troubadour, was one of the others. Though little is known of him and his surviving poetry is limited, Jacme was an esteemed poet to his contemporaries in Genoa. In a ''tenso'' with Simon Doria, Lanfranc alluded to Jacme's judicial profession: In a subsequent poem, Lanfranc connected Jacme with a Na Flors-de-lis (or Fiordiligi), a '' senhal'' for an unnamed Genoese woman, whom he submits to the Jacme's judgement. ''Segne'n Iacme Grils, e.us deman'', Jacme's ''tenso'' with Simon Doria, is modeled on one between Sordello and

Peire Guilhem de Tolosa Peire Guillem (or Guilhem) de Tolosa was a 13th-century troubadour from Toulouse. Only one ''sirventes'' he wrote ("En Sordel, que us es semblan"), a ''tenso'' with the contemporary Italian poet Sordello, survives. According to his ''Vida (Occita ...

and it is written in an effort to mock the former. Jacme's ''tenso'' with Lanfranc begins ''Per o car vos fegnetz de sotilment entendre''.

Notes

Sources

*Bertoni, Giulio. ''I Trovatori d'Italia: Biografie, testi, tradizioni, note''. Rome: Società Multigrafica Editrice Somu, 1967

915 Year 915 ( CMXV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * Summer – Battle of Garigliano: The Christian League, personally led by Pope John X, lays siege to Garigliano (a fortified Ar ...

*Meneghetti, Maria Luisa. "Intertextuality and dialogism in the troubadours." ''The Troubadours: An Introduction''. Simon Gaunt and Sarah Kay, edd. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. . {{authority control 13th-century Genoese people 13th-century Italian judges 13th-century Italian troubadours