Ivan Ivanovych Turyanytsia (; 25 May 1901 – 27 March 1955) was a

Czechoslovak Czechoslovak may refer to: *A demonym or adjective pertaining to Czechoslovakia (1918–93) **First Czechoslovak Republic (1918–38) **Second Czechoslovak Republic (1938–39) **Third Czechoslovak Republic (1948–60) ** Fourth Czechoslovak Repu ...

, Ukrainian and

Soviet The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

politician, who served as the chairman of the People's Council of Zakarpattia Ukraine from 1944 to 1946 and the First secretary of the Communist Party of Zakarpattia Ukraine. On several occasions he was elected to the Central Committee of the Communist Party (b) of Ukraine.

Biography

Turyanytsia was born on 25 May 1901 in a village of Rápigy (now Ryapid) near

Munkács Mukachevo (, ; , ; see name section) is a city in Zakarpattia Oblast, western Ukraine. It is situated in the valley of the Latorica River and serves as the administrative center of Mukachevo Raion. The city is a rail terminus and highway junctio ...

Hungary Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning much of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and ...

Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary, also referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Dual Monarchy or the Habsburg Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe#Before World War I, Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. A military ...

(now Mukachevo, Ukraine).Profile
in the

Handbook on history of the Communist Party and the Soviet Union 1898–1991 A handbook is a type of reference work, or other collection of instructions, that is intended to provide ready reference. The term originally applied to a small or portable book containing information useful for its owner, but the ''Oxford Eng ...

During

World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...

, he served as a soldier of the

Austro-Hungarian army The Austro-Hungarian Army, also known as the Imperial and Royal Army,; was the principal ground force of Austria-Hungary from 1867 to 1918. It consisted of three organisations: the Common Army (, recruited from all parts of Austria-Hungary), ...

, later in 1919 in the Zakarpattia Red Guards of the

Hungarian Soviet Republic The Hungarian Soviet Republic, also known as the Socialist Federative Soviet Republic of Hungary was a short-lived communist state that existed from 21 March 1919 to 1 August 1919 (133 days), succeeding the First Hungarian Republic. The Hungari ...

. The same year Turyanytsia was arrested and placed in

concentration camp A concentration camp is a prison or other facility used for the internment of political prisoners or politically targeted demographics, such as members of national or ethnic minority groups, on the grounds of national security, or for exploitati ...

Prešov Prešov () is a city in eastern Slovakia. It is the seat of administrative Prešov Region () and Šariš. With a population of approximately 85,000 for the city, and in total more than 100,000 with the urban area, it is the second-largest city i ...

, but by December 1919 he was released. In 1924–1925 Turyanytsia served in the

Czechoslovak Army The Czechoslovak Army (Czech and Slovak: ''Československá armáda'') was the name of the armed forces of Czechoslovakia. It was established in 1918 following Czechoslovakia's declaration of independence from Austria-Hungary. History In t ...

and after that joined the

Communist Party of Czechoslovakia The Communist Party of Czechoslovakia ( Czech and Slovak: ''Komunistická strana Československa'', KSČ) was a communist and Marxist–Leninist political party in Czechoslovakia that existed between 1921 and 1992. It was a member of the Com ...

(KSČ). In 1927–1928 he was a chairman of the Mukacheve Trade Union of Builders and then in 1928–1929 a secretary of the Mukacheve city committee of the KSČ. In 1929 Turyanytsia was arrested again, but then soon was released. In 1930 Turyanytsia was a secretary of the Uzhhorod zupa committee KSČ. In 1930–1933 he studied in the

Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

and graduated the Kharkiv Communist Institute of Journalism.Ivan Turyanytsia

Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia The ''Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia'' () was a multi-purpose encyclopedia of Ukraine, issued in the USSR. First attempt Following the publication of the first volume of the in Lviv, then in Poland, in 1930, the ''Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia ...

. In 1933–1939 he was a secretary of the Subcarpathian regional council of Red Trade Unions. During that period in 1936 he was arrested one more time, but again soon was released. In March 1939 Turyanytsia emigrated to the

and joined the

International Red Aid International Red Aid (also commonly known by its Russian acronym MOPR) was an international social-service organization. MOPR was founded in 1922 by the Communist International to function as an "international political Red Cross", providing ma ...

organization (1939–1940). In 1940–1941 he worked as an economist planner at the Steam Locomotive Factory of the October Revolution (today

Luhanskteplovoz Luhanskteplovoz ( or Luhansk Locomotive Works), earlier known as Voroshilovgrad Locomotive Works is a large industrial company in Luhansk, Ukraine, manufacturing locomotives, multiple unit trains (both electric multiple unit, electric and diesel ...

) in Voroshilovgrad. In 1943–1944, Turyanytsia commanded the 3rd Brigade of the Soviet Czechoslovak Corps. Upon liberation of the

Carpathian Ruthenia Transcarpathia (, ) is a historical region on the border between Central and Eastern Europe, mostly located in western Ukraine's Zakarpattia Oblast. From the Hungarian Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin, conquest of the Carpathian Basin ...

in 1944, he became the 1st secretary of the Communist Party of Zakarpattia Ukraine and a chairman of the People's Council of Zakarpattia Ukraine. In 1944–1945, he also played a key role in the deportation of the local Hungarian and German-speaking civilian population out of Zakarpattia first to Szolyva, then to Galicia and the rest of the Soviet Union.https://demokrata.hu/magyarorszag/magyar-holokauszt-77112/ Since 1947, Turyanytsia was a member of the Presidium of the

Verkhovna Rada The Verkhovna Rada ( ; VR), officially the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, is the unicameralism, unicameral parliament of Ukraine. It consists of 450 Deputy (legislator), deputies presided over by a speaker. The Verkhovna Rada meets in the Verkhovn ...

and since 1949 the Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine. He was a member of the

Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union The Supreme Soviet of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (SSUSSR) was the highest body of state authority of the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1936 to 1991. Based on the principle of unified power, it was the only branch of government in the So ...

2nd and 3rd convocations and the

2nd–4th convocations. He died on 27 March 1955 in

Uzhhorod Uzhhorod (, ; , ; , ) is a List of cities in Ukraine, city and List of hromadas of Ukraine, municipality on the Uzh, Uzh River in western Ukraine, at the border with Slovakia and near the border with Hungary. The city is approximately equidistan ...

References

External links

Profile
in the

{{DEFAULTSORT:Turyanytsia, Ivan 1901 births 1955 deaths People from Zakarpattia Oblast Communist Party of Czechoslovakia politicians Communist Party of Ukraine (Soviet Union) politicians Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine (Soviet Union) members Second convocation members of the Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic Third convocation members of the Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic Fourth convocation members of the Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic Second convocation members of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union Third convocation members of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union Recipients of the Order of Lenin 20th-century Ukrainian politicians Czechoslovak emigrants to the Soviet Union