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Ittigen is a
municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having municipal corporation, corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality' ...
in the Bern-Mittelland administrative district in the canton of
Bern Bern (), or Berne (), ; ; ; . is the ''de facto'' Capital city, capital of Switzerland, referred to as the "federal city".; ; ; . According to the Swiss constitution, the Swiss Confederation intentionally has no "capital", but Bern has gov ...
in
Switzerland Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe. It is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. Switzerland ...
. The municipality was formed in 1983 when it and Ostermundigen were separated from territory once part of Bolligen.


History

Its placename is derived from the
Alemannic German Alemannic, or rarely Alemannish (''Alemannisch'', ), is a group of High German dialects. The name derives from the ancient Germanic tribal confederation known as the Alemanni ("all men"). Distribution Alemannic dialects are spoken by approxi ...
"at the people of the Ito", and first appeared in print in 1318 as ''Yttigen''. In 1326 it was mentioned as ''villa de Ittigen''. Traces of prehistoric settlements have been found at Worblaufen ( La Tene vessel with cremated remains,
Roman Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of Roman civilization *Epistle to the Romans, shortened to Romans, a letter w ...
coins and
Early Medieval The Early Middle Ages (or early medieval period), sometimes controversially referred to as the Dark Ages, is typically regarded by historians as lasting from the late 5th to the 10th century. They marked the start of the Middle Ages of Europ ...
graves), in the Papiermühle neighborhood (5th or 6th century Early Medieval cemetery with about 30 graves), Neuhaus (Early Medieval graves) and in Wydacker (
Seax A ''seax'' (; also sax, sæx, sex; invariant in plural, latinized ''sachsum'') is a small sword, fighting knife or dagger typical of the Germanic peoples of the Migration Period and the Early Middle Ages, especially the Saxons. The name comes f ...
). While the small
hamlets A hamlet is a human settlement that is smaller than a town or village. This is often simply an informal description of a smaller settlement or possibly a subdivision or satellite entity to a larger settlement. Sometimes a hamlet is defined f ...
of Papiermühle, Schermen, Neuhaus, Badhaus developed on the valley floor, the farming villages of Ittigen and Worblaufen grew up on terraces in the low mountains above the valley. The two farming villages took advantage of extensive arable land for individual fields and shared common farm land and common forests. A number of scattered small farms grew up around the two villages and also had a share of the common land. While the villages in the mountains remained mostly agricultural, the hamlets on the valley floor were local centers for trade and industry. A paper mill () opened in Papiermühle in 1466, followed by a toll house and an inn. There was also a mill at Schermen, a toll house and inn in Neuhaus and a 15th-century spa and inn in Badhaus. A paper mill and several hammer mills eventually opened in Worblaufen. Around the 17th and 18th centuries, the agricultural villages focused on providing fruits, vegetables and hay for the weekly markets in the nearby city of
Bern Bern (), or Berne (), ; ; ; . is the ''de facto'' Capital city, capital of Switzerland, referred to as the "federal city".; ; ; . According to the Swiss constitution, the Swiss Confederation intentionally has no "capital", but Bern has gov ...
. The area's sunny weather and proximity to Bern encouraged several wealthy families to build country estates in Ittigen including Mannenberg in Ittigen village and Sandhof and Lindenhof in Worblaufen. In the 19th century, agriculture remained important, but small workshops and
cottage industry The putting-out system is a means of subcontracting work, like a tailor. Historically, it was also known as the workshop system and the domestic system. In putting-out, work is contracted by a central agent to subcontractors who complete the p ...
work provided jobs for many of the residents. A pasta factory opened in Schermen in 1831 followed by a chocolate factory in 1917. Until 1983, Ittigen was part of Bolligen. Within the Bolligen
parish A parish is a territorial entity in many Christianity, Christian denominations, constituting a division within a diocese. A parish is under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of a priest#Christianity, priest, often termed a parish pries ...
, Ittigen and the surrounding villages formed a semi-independent congregation and elected their own member of the church council. The congregation fulfilled many of the essential municipal functions such as caring for the poor and orphans, providing education and collecting taxes. However, it remained subject to the municipality of Bolligen. In 1774 Ittigen attempted, unsuccessfully, to get their own
coat of arms A coat of arms is a heraldry, heraldic communication design, visual design on an escutcheon (heraldry), escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the last two being outer garments), originating in Europe. The coat of arms on an escutcheon f ...
. In 1813 the village school was founded though it opened five years later in 1818. With the school the village finally got a measure of independence. In 1834 it became one of the four quarters within the municipality of Bolligen (the other three were Bolligen, Ferenberg and Ostermundigen). The quarters were responsible for the fire department, maintaining roads and primary education while the municipality handled finances, taxation and secondary education. Throughout the 20th century the municipality voted on whether they should be incorporated into Bern (1913, 1919), centralize all municipal functions (1930, 1945 and 1963) or split into separate municipalities (1956, 1962 and 1972). Finally in 1978 the residents voted to divide into independent municipalities and between 1980 and 1983 the new municipality took over functions from Bolligen.


Geography

Ittigen has an area of . Of this area, or 24.5% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 14.3% is forested. Of the rest of the land, or 60.3% is settled (buildings or roads), or 1.0% is either rivers or lakes.Swiss Federal Statistical Office-Land Use Statistics
2009 data . Retrieved 25 March 2010
Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 5.0% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 33.7% and transportation infrastructure made up 18.5%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 1.4% of the area while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 1.7%. Out of the forested land, 12.4% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.9% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 18.5% is used for growing crops and 5.5% is pastures. All the water in the municipality is flowing water. The municipality is located in the Worblental (Worblen valley) on a terrace on the Mannenberg (elevation ) in the
agglomeration Agglomeration may refer to: * Urban agglomeration, in standard English * Megalopolis, in Chinese English, as defined in China's ''Standard for basic terminology of urban planning'' (GB/T 50280—98). Also known as "city cluster". * Economies of agg ...
of Bern. In 1983 the municipality was created when it separated from Bolligen.Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz
published by the Swiss Federal Statistical Office . Retrieved 19 July 2011
On 31 December 2009 Amtsbezirk Bern, the municipality's former district, was dissolved. On the following day, 1 January 2010, it joined the newly created Verwaltungskreis Bern-Mittelland.
. Retrieved 4 April 2011


Coat of arms

The
blazon In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct an accurate image. The verb ''to blazon'' means to create such a description. The visual d ...
of the municipal
coat of arms A coat of arms is a heraldry, heraldic communication design, visual design on an escutcheon (heraldry), escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the last two being outer garments), originating in Europe. The coat of arms on an escutcheon f ...
is ''Quartered Gules and Or in second a Grenade Sable inflamed of the first and in third a Mill Wheel of the third.''


Demographics

Ittigen has a population () of . , 19.6% of the population are resident foreign nationals.Statistical office of the Canton of Bern
. Retrieved 4 January 2012
Over the last 10 years (2000–2010) the population has changed at a rate of -2.4%. Migration accounted for -1.3%, while births and deaths accounted for 0.1%.
. Retrieved 6 July 2012
Most of the population () speaks German (9,477 or 86.2%) as their first language,
Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, a Romance ethnic group related to or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance languag ...
is the second most common (283 or 2.6%) and French is the third (272 or 2.5%). There are 4 people who speak Romansh. , the population was 48.7% male and 51.3% female. The population was made up of 4,196 Swiss men (38.3% of the population) and 1,130 (10.3%) non-Swiss men. There were 4,602 Swiss women (42.0%) and 1,018 (9.3%) non-Swiss women. Of the population in the municipality, 1,701 or about 15.5% were born in Ittigen and lived there in 2000. There were 4,723 or 43.0% who were born in the same canton, while 2,104 or 19.1% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 2,034 or 18.5% were born outside of Switzerland. , children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 18.4% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 62.2% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 19.4%. , there were 4,346 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 5,229 married individuals, 591 widows or widowers and 825 individuals who are divorced.STAT-TAB Datenwürfel für Thema 40.3 – 2000
. Retrieved 2 February 2011
, there were 1,923 households that consist of only one person and 199 households with five or more people. , a total of 4,964 apartments (94.4% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 198 apartments (3.8%) were seasonally occupied and 99 apartments (1.9%) were empty.Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB – Datenwürfel für Thema 09.2 – Gebäude und Wohnungen
. Retrieved 28 January 2011
, the construction rate of new housing units was 1.1 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0.5%. The historical population is given in the following chart: Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.8) ImageSize = width:520 height:210 PlotArea = top:10 left:100 bottom:50 right:100 AlignBars = justify DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:12000 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:2000 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:400 start:0 PlotData= color:yellowgreen width:40 mark:(line,white) align:center bar:1764 from:start till:498 text:"498" bar:1930 from:start till:2321 text:"2,321" bar:1950 from:start till:2543 text:"2,543" bar:1960 from:start till:3602 text:"3,602" bar:1980 from:start till:9435 text:"9,435" bar:1990 from:start till:11381 text:"11,381" bar:2000 from:start till:10991 text:"10,991"


Heritage sites of national significance

The Gosteli Foundation with its archive of the History of the Swiss Feminist Movement is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significance. The entire Worbletal (Worble valley) which includes; Bolligen, Ittigen, Ostermundigen and Stettlen is part of the
Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites The Federal Inventory of Heritage Sites (ISOS) is part of a 1981 Ordinance of the Swiss Federal Council implementing the Federal Law on the Protection of Nature and Cultural Heritage. Sites of national importance Types The types are based on t ...
.


Politics

In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 22.7% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SPS (19.1%), the BDP Party (15.2%) and the FDP (14.6%). In the federal election, a total of 3,610 votes were cast, and the
voter turnout In political science, voter turnout is the participation rate (often defined as those who cast a ballot) of a given election. This is typically either the percentage of Voter registration, registered voters, Suffrage, eligible voters, or all Voti ...
was 47.8%.Swiss Federal Statistical Office 2011 Election
. Retrieved 8 May 2012


Economy

, Ittigen had an unemployment rate of 2.61%. , there were a total of 8,976 people employed in the municipality. Of these, there were 19 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 4 businesses involved in this sector. 867 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 82 businesses in this sector. 8,090 people were employed in the
tertiary sector The tertiary sector of the economy, generally known as the service sector, is the third of the three economic sectors in the three-sector model (also known as the economic cycle). The others are the primary sector (raw materials) and the ...
, with 387 businesses in this sector. there were a total of 7,873
full-time equivalent Full-time equivalent (FTE), or whole time equivalent (WTE), is a unit of measurement that indicates the workload of an employed person (or student) in a way that makes workloads or class loads comparable across various contexts. FTE is often use ...
jobs. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 17, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 815 of which 537 or (65.9%) were in manufacturing and 258 (31.7%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 7,041. In the tertiary sector; 738 or 10.5% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 724 or 10.3% were in the movement and storage of goods, 192 or 2.7% were in a hotel or restaurant, 1,874 or 26.6% were in the information industry, 411 or 5.8% were the insurance or financial industry, 354 or 5.0% were technical professionals or scientists, 125 or 1.8% were in education and 315 or 4.5% were in health care. , there were 5,490 workers who commuted into the municipality and 4,882 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net importer of workers, with about 1.1 workers entering the municipality for every one leaving.Swiss Federal Statistical Office – Statweb
. Retrieved 24 June 2010
Of the working population, 41.6% used public transportation to get to work, and 38.5% used a private car. Since 1991, Ittigen expanded its source of budget to the highway resting site parking fees. The well known example is the resting site Grauholz. As it is very pioneeric economic area, world rare and extraordinary, at the same time but controversy, it has been published in several newspape

The municipality maintains the income source up to nowadays.


Religion

From the , 2,279 or 20.7% were
Roman Catholic The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2025. It is among the world's oldest and largest international institut ...
, while 6,064 or 55.2% belonged to the
Swiss Reformed Church The Protestant Church in Switzerland (PCS), formerly named Federation of Swiss Protestant Churches until 31 December 2019, is a federation of 25 member churches – 24 cantonal churches and the Evangelical-Methodist Church of Switzerland. The P ...
. Of the rest of the population, there were 214 members of an Orthodox church (or about 1.95% of the population), there were 23 individuals (or about 0.21% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic Church, and there were 651 individuals (or about 5.92% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 10 individuals (or about 0.09% of the population) who were
Jewish Jews (, , ), or the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group and nation, originating from the Israelites of History of ancient Israel and Judah, ancient Israel and Judah. They also traditionally adhere to Judaism. Jewish ethnicity, rel ...
, and 387 (or about 3.52% of the population) who were
Islam Islam is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the Quran, and the teachings of Muhammad. Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number Islam by country, 2 billion worldwide and are the world ...
ic. There were 52 individuals who were
Buddhist Buddhism, also known as Buddhadharma and Dharmavinaya, is an Indian religion and List of philosophies, philosophical tradition based on Pre-sectarian Buddhism, teachings attributed to the Buddha, a wandering teacher who lived in the 6th or ...
, 125 individuals who were
Hindu Hindus (; ; also known as Sanātanīs) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism, also known by its endonym Sanātana Dharma. Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pp. 35–37 Historically, the term has also be ...
and 15 individuals who belonged to another church. 1,092 (or about 9.94% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or
atheist Atheism, in the broadest sense, is an absence of belief in the existence of deities. Less broadly, atheism is a rejection of the belief that any deities exist. In an even narrower sense, atheism is specifically the position that there no ...
, and 382 individuals (or about 3.48% of the population) did not answer the question.


Education

In Ittigen about 4,719 or (42.9%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 1,716 or (15.6%) have completed additional higher education (either
university A university () is an educational institution, institution of tertiary education and research which awards academic degrees in several Discipline (academia), academic disciplines. ''University'' is derived from the Latin phrase , which roughly ...
or a ''
Fachhochschule A (; plural ), abbreviated FH, is a university of applied sciences (UAS), in other words a Hochschule, German tertiary education institution that provides professional education in many applied sciences and applied arts, such as engineering, te ...
''). Of the 1,716 who completed tertiary schooling, 66.5% were Swiss men, 23.1% were Swiss women, 6.3% were non-Swiss men and 4.1% were non-Swiss women. The Canton of Bern school system provides one year of non-obligatory
Kindergarten Kindergarten is a preschool educational approach based on playing, singing, practical activities such as drawing, and social interaction as part of the transition from home to school. Such institutions were originally made in the late 18th cen ...
, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend additional schooling or they may enter an
apprenticeship Apprenticeship is a system for training a potential new practitioners of a trade or profession with on-the-job training and often some accompanying study. Apprenticeships may also enable practitioners to gain a license to practice in a regulat ...
. During the 2009–10 school year, there were a total of 1,474 students attending classes in Ittigen. There were 8 kindergarten classes with a total of 168 students in the municipality. Of the kindergarten students, 35.1% were permanent or temporary residents of Switzerland (not citizens) and 52.4% have a different mother language than the classroom language. The municipality had 28 primary classes and 522 students. Of the primary students, 30.5% were permanent or temporary residents of Switzerland (not citizens) and 39.5% have a different mother language than the classroom language. During the same year, there were 16 lower secondary classes with a total of 275 students. There were 25.8% who were permanent or temporary residents of Switzerland (not citizens) and 42.5% have a different mother language than the classroom language.Schuljahr 2010/11 pdf document
. Retrieved 4 January 2012
, there were 321 students in Ittigen who came from another municipality, while 329 residents attended schools outside the municipality.


Notable people

* Hans Zulliger (1893–1965 in Ittigen), child psychoanalyst, author and primary school teacher in Ittigen from 1912 until 1959 *
Marthe Gosteli Marthe Gosteli (22 December 1917 – 7 April 2017) was a Swiss suffrage activist and archivist. For thirty years, she led the fight for women's right to vote in Switzerland and then focused her attention on preserving the history of Swiss women. ...
(1917 in Worblaufen – 2017), suffrage activist and archivist * Daniel Bernhardt (born 1965), actor, model and martial artist. * Jürg M. Stauffer (born 1977), Swiss politician from Ittigen * Marc Hirschi (born 1998), professional cyclist


References


External links


Official website
* {{Authority control Cities in Switzerland Municipalities of the canton of Bern Cultural property of national significance in the canton of Bern