''Hybanthus'' (green-violet) is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...
of
flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. They include all forbs (flowering plants without a woody stem), grasses and grass-like plants, a vast majority of ...
s in the family
Violaceae
Violaceae is a family of flowering plants established in 1802, consisting of about 1000 species in about 25 genera. It takes its name from the genus ''Viola'', the violets and pansies.
Older classifications such as the Cronquist system placed ...
. This genus name is
Greek
Greek may refer to:
Greece
Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe:
*Greeks, an ethnic group.
*Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family.
**Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...
for "humpback flower", referring to the drooping
pedicels
In botany, a pedicel is a stem that attaches a single flower to the inflorescence. Such inflorescences are described as ''pedicellate''.
Description
Pedicel refers to a structure connecting a single flower to its inflorescence. In the absenc ...
of plants that are part of this genus. The genus is grossly
polyphyletic
A polyphyletic group is an assemblage of organisms or other evolving elements that is of mixed evolutionary origin. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as homoplasies, which are explained as a result of conver ...
and may contain up to nine different genera, of which ''Pombalia'' Vand., ''Cubelium'' Raf. and ''Pigea'' DC. have been previously recognised.
[G. A. Wahlert, T. Marcussen, J. Paula-Souza, Min Feng, and H. E. Ballard, Jr. A Phylogeny of the Violaceae (Malpighiales) Inferred from Plastid DNA Sequences: Implications for Generic Diversity and Intrafamilial Classification. Systematic Botany 39. 1. 239-252. 2014]
Species
''Hybanthus'' contains the following species:
*''
Hybanthus attenuatus
''Hybanthus'' (green-violet) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Violaceae. This genus name is Greek for "humpback flower", referring to the drooping pedicels of plants that are part of this genus. The genus is grossly polyphyletic and m ...
''
*''
Hybanthus aurantiacus
''Hybanthus'' (green-violet) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Violaceae. This genus name is Greek for "humpback flower", referring to the drooping pedicels of plants that are part of this genus. The genus is grossly polyphyletic and m ...
''
(Benth.
George Bentham (22 September 1800 – 10 September 1884) was an English botanist, described by the weed botanist Duane Isely as "the premier systematic botanist of the nineteenth century". Born into a distinguished family, he initially studie ...
) F.Muell.
Baron Sir Ferdinand Jacob Heinrich von Mueller, (german: Müller; 30 June 1825 – 10 October 1896) was a German-Australian physician, geographer, and most notably, a botanist. He was appointed government botanist for the then colony of Vic ...
[
*'']Hybanthus calycinus
''Hybanthus calycinus'' (wild violet) is a perennial herb of the violet family, Violaceae. The species is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia.
It is 20 to 60 mm high and has leaves which are 20 to 45 mm long. Racemes of 5 o ...
'' (DC.
Augustin Pyramus (or Pyrame) de Candolle (, , ; 4 February 17789 September 1841) was a Swiss botanist. René Louiche Desfontaines launched de Candolle's botanical career by recommending him at a herbarium. Within a couple of years de Candolle ...
) F.Muell.[
*''''
*'']Hybanthus cymulosus
''Hybanthus'' (green-violet) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Violaceae. This genus name is Greek for "humpback flower", referring to the drooping pedicels of plants that are part of this genus. The genus is grossly polyphyletic and m ...
'' C.A.Gardner
Charles Austin Gardner (6 January 1896 – 24 February 1970) was an English-born Western Australian botanist.
Biography
Born in Lancaster, in England, on 6 January 1896, Gardner emigrated to Western Australia with his family in 1909, whe ...
[
*'']Hybanthus debilissimus
''Hybanthus'' (green-violet) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Violaceae. This genus name is Greek for "humpback flower", referring to the drooping pedicels of plants that are part of this genus. The genus is grossly polyphyletic and m ...
'' F.Muell.[
*'']Hybanthus enneaspermus
''Hybanthus'' (green-violet) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Violaceae. This genus name is Greek for "humpback flower", referring to the drooping pedicels of plants that are part of this genus. The genus is grossly polyphyletic and m ...
'' (L.) F.Muell.[
*'']Hybanthus epacroides
''Hybanthus'' (green-violet) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Violaceae. This genus name is Greek for "humpback flower", referring to the drooping pedicels of plants that are part of this genus. The genus is grossly polyphyletic and m ...
'' (L.) Melch. Hans Melchior (5 August 1894 – 12 March 1984) was a German botanist.
Melchior was born in Berlin. He studied botany at Berlin University, became assistant to G. Haberlandt at the Institute for plant physiology and took his doctor's degree w ...
[
*'']Hybanthus floribundus
''Hybanthus floribundus'' ( shrub violet) is a plant in the Violaceae family, found in southern Western Australia, southern South Australia, Victoria and southern New South Wales.
''Hybanthus floribundus'' was first described as ''Pigea florib ...
'' (Lindl.
John Lindley FRS (5 February 1799 – 1 November 1865) was an English botanist, gardener and orchidologist.
Early years
Born in Catton, near Norwich, England, John Lindley was one of four children of George and Mary Lindley. George Lindley w ...
) F.Muell.[
*'']Hybanthus linearifolius
''Hybanthus'' (green-violet) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Violaceae. This genus name is Greek for "humpback flower", referring to the drooping pedicels of plants that are part of this genus. The genus is grossly polyphyletic and m ...
''
*''Hybanthus monopetalus
''Hybanthus monopetalus'', the slender violet-bush, is a common plant in the violet family.
It is found in eastern Australia in dry eucalyptus woodland, often in sandstone or granite derived soils, where it is seen growing in relatively shady ...
'' (Schult.
Josef (Joseph) August Schultes (15 April 1773 in Vienna – 21 April 1831 in Landshut) was an Austrian botanist and professor from Vienna. Together with Johann Jacob Roemer (1763–1819), he published the 16th edition of Linnaeus' ''Systema ...
) Domin[
*'']Hybanthus stellarioides
''Hybanthus stellarioides'', commonly known as spade flower is an annual herb of the genus ''Hybanthus'', native to Australia.
Description
''Hybanthus stellarioides'' is an annual herb to high, with scattered, sparse hairs on the stem. The lea ...
'' (Domin
Karel Domin (4 May 1882, Kutná Hora, Kingdom of Bohemia – 10 June 1953, Prague) was a Czech botanist and politician.
After gymnasium school studies in Příbram
Příbram (; german: Freiberg in Böhmen, ''Przibram'', or ''Pribram'', ...
) P.I.Forst.
Paul Irwin Forster (born 1961) is an Australian botanist. He obtained his doctorate from the University of Queensland in 2004 with his thesis ''The pursuit of plants : studies on the systematics, ecology and chemistry of the vascular flora of A ...
[
*'']Hybanthus vernonii
''Hybanthus vernonii'', the erect violet, is a small plant in the violet family. Found in eastern Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Aus ...
'' (F.Muell.) F.Muell. [
*'']Hybanthus verticillatus
''Hybanthus'' (green-violet) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Violaceae. This genus name is Greek for "humpback flower", referring to the drooping pedicels of plants that are part of this genus. The genus is grossly polyphyletic and ...
''
*''Hybanthus volubilis
''Hybanthus'' (green-violet) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Violaceae. This genus name is Greek for "humpback flower", referring to the drooping pedicels of plants that are part of this genus. The genus is grossly polyphyletic and ...
'' E.M.Benn.
Eleanor Marion Bennett (born 4 February 1942) (née Scrymgeour) is an Australian botanist who was employed by the Western Australian Herbarium from 1965 to 1970. She collected ''Eucalyptus'' species in the south-west of Western Australia and pu ...
References
Bibliography
*
External links
Malpighiales genera
{{Violaceae-stub