Intraductal papillomas of the

breast The breasts are two prominences located on the upper ventral region of the torso among humans and other primates. Both sexes develop breasts from the same embryology, embryological tissues. The relative size and development of the breasts is ...

are benign

lesion A lesion is any damage or abnormal change in the tissue of an organism, usually caused by injury or diseases. The term ''Lesion'' is derived from the Latin meaning "injury". Lesions may occur in both plants and animals. Types There is no de ...

s with an incidence of approximately 2-3% in humans. They result from abnormal proliferation of the epithelial cells lining the breast ducts. Two types of intraductal papillomas are generally distinguished. The central type develops near the nipple. They are usually solitary and often arise in the years nearing menopause. On the other hand, the peripheral type are often multiple papillomas arising at the peripheral ducts, and are usually found in younger women. The peripheral type are associated with a higher risk of malignancy. They are the most common cause of bloody

nipple discharge Nipple discharge is fluid from the nipple, with or without squeezing the breast. The discharge can be milky, clear, green, purulent, bloody, or faintly yellow. The consistency can be thick, thin, sticky, or watery. Nipple discharge may be nor ...

in women age 20-40 and generally do not show up on

mammography Mammography (also called mastography; DICOM modality: MG) is the process of using low-energy X-rays (usually around 30 kVp) to examine the human breast for diagnosis and screening. The goal of mammography is the early detection of breast cance ...

due to their small size. They may be detectable on ultrasound. A galactogram is the most definitive test but is somewhat invasive. The masses are often too small to be palpated or felt. A galactogram is therefore necessary to diagnose the type of lesion. Excision is sometimes performed. Microdochectomy/microdochotomy (removal of a breast duct) is the treatment of choice.

Additional images

Image:Intraductal papilloma histopathology (1).jpg, Histopathology of intraductal papilloma of the breast by excisional biopsy. Hematoxylin and eosin stain. Image:Intraductal papilloma histopathology (2) smooth muscle actin.JPG, Histopathology of intraductal papilloma of the breast by excisional biopsy. Immunostaining for alpha-smooth muscle actin. File:Ultrasound 12070I26 intraductal papilloma nevit.jpg File:Ultrasound 12070I33 intraductal papilloma nevit.jpg File:Ultrasound 12070I40 intraductal papilloma nevit.jpg File:Ultrasound 12070I6 intraductal papilloma nevit.jpg File:Ultrasound 12070I25 intraductal papilloma nevit.jpg File:Ultrasound 12070I12 intraductal papilloma nevit.jpg

References

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Intraductal Papilloma Breast neoplasia