Ingush in Turkey refers to the diaspora that consists of people born in or residing in
Turkey
Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armen ...
that are of
Ingush
Ingush may refer to:
* Ingush language, Northeast Caucasian language
* Ingush people, an ethnic group of the North Caucasus
See also
*Ingushetia (disambiguation)
Ingushetia is a federal republic and subject of Russia.
Ingushetia may also refer ...
origin. The diaspora is estimated to be 85 000.
History
Background
The reason for the resettlement of Ingush to the
Ottoman Turkey
The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Euro ...
was mainly due to shortage of land. The land plots of the lowlanders of
Ingush ''okrug'' were much larger than those of the mountaineers, but they were also insufficient for the subsistence level as noted by Commission on personal and land rights of the natives of the Terek region in 1865. Regarding the size of the allotment per household of
Nazranians
The Nazranians () were a historical Ingush ethnoterritorial subethnic group (''society'') which inhabited modern day Nazranovsky District and Prigorodny District.
History Early History
The Nazranian society in the second half of the 18th c ...
, the Commission stated that "is in no way considered satisfactory by the commission."
After the Caucasian War in 1865, some of the Ingush resettled (completed so called
muhacir
The Muhacirs are estimated to be millions of Ottoman Muslim citizens and their descendants born after the onset of the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire. Muhacirs are primarily consist of Turks but also Albanian, Bosniaks, Circassians, Cri ...
dom) to the Ottoman Empire. In total, 1454 Ingush families were evicted from Ingushetia, out of which 1366 were from the
Orstkhoy
The Orstkhoy, historically commonly known under their exonyms: ''Karabulaks'', ''Balsu'', ''Baloy'', are a historical ethnoterritorial society among the Chechens, Chechen and Ingush people, Ingush peoples. Their homeland is in the upper reaches ...
society and 88 families from the Nazranian society. As a result of this resettlement, the
Karabulak ''uchastok'' of the
Ingush ''okrug'' was liquidated as its previous inhabitants left and the ''uchastok'' became deserted.
Later, Ingush also settled to Turkey in the following years: in 1877–1878, 1886–1887, 1892, 1895, 1900, 1902, 1904 and 1912.
Modern
In Turkey, the Ingush are mostly settled in the cities of
Ankara
Ankara is the capital city of Turkey and List of national capitals by area, the largest capital by area in the world. Located in the Central Anatolia Region, central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5,290,822 in its urban center ( ...
, Areliya,
Bursa
Bursa () is a city in northwestern Turkey and the administrative center of Bursa Province. The fourth-most populous city in Turkey and second-most populous in the Marmara Region, Bursa is one of the industrial centers of the country. Most of ...
,
İzmir
İzmir is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, third most populous city in Turkey, after Istanbul and Ankara. It is on the Aegean Sea, Aegean coast of Anatolia, and is the capital of İzmir Province. In 2024, the city of İzmir had ...
,
Kayseri
Kayseri () is a large List of cities in Turkey, city in Central Anatolia, Turkey, and the capital of Kayseri Province, Kayseri province. Historically known as Caesarea (Mazaca), Caesarea, it has been the historical capital of Cappadocia since anc ...
,
Konya
Konya is a major city in central Turkey, on the southwestern edge of the Central Anatolian Plateau, and is the capital of Konya Province. During antiquity and into Seljuk times it was known as Iconium. In 19th-century accounts of the city in En ...
,
Kiziltepe,
Mardin
Mardin (; ; romanized: ''Mārdīn''; ; ) is a city and seat of the Artuklu District of Mardin Province in Turkey. It is known for the Artuqids, Artuqid architecture of its old city, and for its strategic location on a rocky hill near the Tigris ...
,
Mersin
Mersin () is a large city and port on the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean coast of Mediterranean Region, Turkey, southern Turkey. It is the provincial capital of the Mersin Province (formerly İçel). It is made up of four district governorates ...
,
Muş
Muş (; ; ) is a city in eastern Turkey. It is the seat of Muş Province and Muş District.[İl Beled ...]
,
Sivas
Sivas is a city in central Turkey. It is the seat of Sivas Province and Sivas District.[İl Beledi ...]
,
Istanbul
Istanbul is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, constituting the country's economic, cultural, and historical heart. With Demographics of Istanbul, a population over , it is home to 18% of the Demographics ...
,
Golcuk and
Yalova
Yalova is a market-gardening town located in northwestern Turkey on the eastern coast of the Sea of Marmara. It is the seat of Yalova Province and Yalova District.[Circassians
The Circassians or Circassian people, also called Cherkess or Adyghe (Adyghe language, Adyghe and ), are a Northwest Caucasian languages, Northwest Caucasian ethnic group and nation who originated in Circassia, a region and former country in t ...]
''.
Notable people
*
Saim Polatkan
Saim Polatkan (10 February 1908 – 8 June 1991) was a Turkish equestrian of Ingush origin. He competed in three events at the 1936 Summer Olympics
The 1936 Summer Olympics (), officially the Games of the XI Olympiad () and officially ...
(1908 – 1991), Turkish officer, athlete, champion of Central Europe, participant in the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin
* Suleiman Syrr Koydemir (Beshtoev) (1886 – 1923), Turkish statesman, first mayor of
Beysehir.
* Maksharif Beshtav (1913 – 2010), historian (dr. of historical sciences),
turkologist
Turkology (or Turcology or Turkic studies) is a complex of humanities sciences studying languages, history, literature, folklore, culture, and ethnology of people speaking Turkic languages and the Turkic peoples in chronological and comparative c ...
.
* Atila Tachoy (Tochiev) (1939 – 2001), dr. of medical sciences.
Notes
References
Bibliography
Russian sources
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{{refend
Ingush people
Ingush diaspora
Ethnic groups in Turkey
European diaspora in Turkey
Ethnic groups in the Middle East