The Imperial Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky was an

order of chivalry An order of chivalry, order of knighthood, chivalric order, or equestrian order is a society, fellowship and college of knights, typically founded during or inspired by the original Catholic military orders of the Crusades ( 1099–1291) and ...

of the

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughl ...

first awarded on by Empress

Catherine I of Russia Catherine I Alekseyevna Mikhailova (born Marta Samuilovna Skavronskaya; – ) was the second wife and Empress consort of Peter the Great, whom she succeeded as Empress of Russia, ruling from 1725 until her death in 1727. Life as a servant Onl ...

History

The introduction of the Imperial Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky was envisioned by Emperor

Peter I of Russia Peter I (, ; – ), better known as Peter the Great, was the Tsar of all Russia from 1682 and the first Emperor of all Russia from 1721 until his death in 1725. He reigned jointly with his half-brother Ivan V until 1696. From this year, ...

(r. 1682–1721) to reward military bravery in battle. However, he died before he could create the order. It was established by Empress

, in memory of the deeds of

Saint Alexander Nevsky Alexander Yaroslavich Nevsky (; ; monastic name: ''Aleksiy''; 13 May 1221 – 14 November 1263) was Prince of Novgorod (1236–1240; 1241–1256; 1258–1259), Grand Prince of Kiev (1249–1263), and Grand Prince of Vladimir (1252–1263). Co ...

, patron Saint of the Russian capital of

Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the List of cities and towns in Russia by population, second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the Neva, River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland ...

, for defending Russia against foreign invaders. The order was originally awarded to distinguished Russian citizens who had served their country with honor, mostly through political or military service. It was first awarded on the occasion of the wedding of

Grand Duchess Anna Petrovna of Russia Grand Duchess Anna Petrovna of Russia (; 27 January 1708 – 4 March 1728) was the eldest daughter of Emperor Peter I of Russia and his wife Empress Catherine I. Her younger sister, Empress Elizabeth, ruled between 1741 and 1762. While ...

and

Charles Frederick, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp Charles Frederick, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp () (30 April 1700 – 18 June 1739) was a Sweden, Prince of Sweden and Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp and an important member of European royalty. His dynasty, the Dukes of Schleswig-Holst ...

in 1725. A dozen guests received the reward, and the order quickly fell far behind the

Order of Saint Andrew The Order of Saint Andrew the Apostle the First-Called () is the highest order conferred by both the Russian Imperial Family (as an order of chivalry) and by the Russian Federation (as a state order). Established as the first and highest order o ...

and the

Order of Saint Catherine The Imperial Order of Saint Catherine () was an award of Imperial Russia. Instituted on 24 November 1714 by Peter the Great on the occasion of his marriage to Catherine I of Russia. For the majority of the time of Imperial Russia, it was the onl ...

in prestige. The Empress Catherine complained about the situation and by September 1725, she took it upon herself to determine who would receive the award. The Order of Saint Alexander was granted the highest esteem and was not usually bestowed upon people below the rank of Lieutenant-General or an equal political status. It also granted hereditary nobility. Additionally it was, including Polish King

Augustus II the Strong Augustus II the Strong (12 May 1670 – 1 February 1733), was Elector of Saxony from 1694 as well as King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1697 to 1706 and from 1709 until his death in 1733. He belonged to the Albertine branch of the H ...

and King Frederick IV of Denmark–Norway

Legacy

The Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky was abolished after the 1917

Russian Revolution The Russian Revolution was a period of Political revolution (Trotskyism), political and social revolution, social change in Russian Empire, Russia, starting in 1917. This period saw Russia Dissolution of the Russian Empire, abolish its mona ...

, along with all other orders and titles of the Russian Empire. In 1942, the

Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

revived the order as a purely

military decoration Military awards and decorations are distinctions given as a mark of honor for military heroism, meritorious or outstanding service or achievement. A decoration is often a medal consisting of a ribbon and a medallion. Civil decorations award ...

and renamed it the more secular

Order of Alexander Nevsky The Order of Alexander Nevsky () is an Order (distinction), order of merit of the Russia, Russian Federation named in honour of saint Alexander Nevsky (1220–1263) and bestowed to civil servants for twenty years or more of highly meritorious ser ...

, and the

Russian Federation Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...

revived it in 2010. The heads of the Russian Imperial House in exile have continued to award the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky. Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna, a pretender to the Russian throne and to the headship of the Russian Imperial House, continues to award a Russian Imperial Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky as a dynastic order of knighthood. These actions are disputed by some members of the Romanov family. In 2010, researchers in Saint Petersburg and Moscow published a book listing all the names of the recipients of the original order. The combined number of honorees spanning the years 1725 to 1917 totaled 3,674.

Insignia ''Order St Alexander Nevsky''

Badge to Order St Alexander Nevsky 1820-1830.jpg, Cross version, edition 1820–1830 (front) Badge to Order St Alexander Nevsky 1865.jpg, version issued in 1865 in gold on black enamel Star to Order St Alexander Nevsky embroidered.jpg, Star version from silver-thread embroidery on white leather, edition ca 1840

Recipients

Abbas II of Egypt Abbas Helmy II (also known as ''ʿAbbās Ḥilmī Pāshā'', ; 14 July 1874 – 19 December 1944) was the last Khedive of Egypt and the Sudan, ruling from 8January 1892 to 19 December 1914. In 1914, after the Ottoman Empire joined the Cent ...

Adam Olsufiev Adam Vasilyevich Olsufiev (January 27, 1721 – July 8, 1784) was a figure in the Russian Enlightenment, a lover of literature, the patron of opera and theaters, Cabinet Minister and State Secretary of Empress Catherine II. He ended his career a ...

Count Nikolay Adlerberg Count Nikolay Vladimirovich Adlerberg (; 19 May 1819 – 25 December 1892) was a Russian aristocrat who served as Councilor of State and Chamberlain in the imperial court, as well as governor of Taganrog, Simferopol and Finland. Early life ...

Duke Adolf Friedrich of Mecklenburg Duke Adolf Friedrich Albrecht Heinrich of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (German: ''Adolf Friedrich Albrecht Heinrich, Herzog zu Mecklenburg-Schwerin''; 10 October 1873 – 5 August 1969), was a German explorer in Africa, a colonial politician, and the ...

* Afonso, Prince of Beira *

Ahmad Shah Qajar Ahmad Shah Qajar (‎; 21 January 1898 – 21 February 1930) was the List of monarchs of Iran, shah of Iran (Name of Iran, Persia) from 16 July 1909 to 15 December 1925, and the seventh and final ruling member of the Qajar dynasty. Ahmad Shah ...

Albert I of Belgium Albert I (8 April 1875 – 17 February 1934) was King of the Belgians from 23 December 1909 until his death in 1934. He is popularly referred to as the Knight King (, ) or Soldier King (, ) in Belgium in reference to his role during World War I ...

Prince Albert of Prussia (1809–1872) Prince Frederick Henry Albert of Prussia (; 4 October 1809 – 14 October 1872) was the fifth son and youngest child of King Frederick William III of Prussia and Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. His parents had fled to East Prussia after the occu ...

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Archduke Albrecht, Duke of Teschen Archduke Albrecht Friedrich Rudolf Dominik of Austria, Duke of Teschen (3 August 1817 – 18 February 1895), was an Austrian Habsburg general. He was the grandson of Emperor Leopold II and one of the chief military advisors of Emperor Francis ...

Albert, Prince Consort Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Franz August Karl Albert Emanuel; 26 August 1819 – 14 December 1861) was the husband of Queen Victoria. As such, he was consort of the British monarch from their marriage on 10 February 1840 until his ...

Yevgeni Ivanovich Alekseyev Yevgeni Ivanovich Alekseyev or Alexeyev (; b. – d. May 27, 1917) was a Russian admiral in the Imperial Russian Navy, viceroy of the Russian Far East, and commander-in-chief of Imperial Russian forces at Port Arthur and in Manchuria dur ...

Alexander I of Russia Alexander I (, ; – ), nicknamed "the Blessed", was Emperor of Russia from 1801, the first king of Congress Poland from 1815, and the grand duke of Finland from 1809 to his death in 1825. He ruled Russian Empire, Russia during the chaotic perio ...

Alexander II of Russia Alexander II ( rus, Алекса́ндр II Никола́евич, Aleksándr II Nikoláyevich, p=ɐlʲɪˈksandr ftɐˈroj nʲɪkɐˈlajɪvʲɪtɕ; 29 April 181813 March 1881) was Emperor of Russia, Congress Poland, King of Poland and Grand Du ...

Alexander III of Russia Alexander III (; 10 March 18451 November 1894) was Emperor of Russia, King of Congress Poland and Grand Duke of Finland from 13 March 1881 until his death in 1894. He was highly reactionary in domestic affairs and reversed some of the libera ...

Alexander Kurakin (1697) Prince Alexander Borisovich Kurakin (August 10, 1697 – October 13, 1749) was a statesman and diplomat from the Kurakin family: an Active Privy Councillor, the Ober-Stallmeister (1736), a Governing Senate, senator. Biography From the Lithuania ...

* Alexander Nikolaevich Golitsyn *

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Alexander Pietrov Alexander Ivanovich Pietrov (; born , died ) was a statesman of the Russian Empire, member of the Governing Senate, governor of Minsk Governorate and Kharkov Governorate, deputy governor of Siedlce Governorate. Biography Alexander Ivanovich Piet ...

Aleksandr Tatischev Count Alexandr Ivanovich Tatischev (; August 8 (19), 1763 – June 17 (29), 1833) was a Russian military leader of the Napoleonic Wars, infantry general (1823) and Minister of War from 1823 to 1827. Biography Alexandr Ivanovich Tatischev comes f ...

Alexei Nikolaevich, Tsarevich of Russia Alexei Nikolaevich (; – 17 July 1918) was the last Russian tsesarevich (heir apparent). He was the youngest child and only son of Nicholas II, Tsar Nicholas II and Alexandra Feodorovna (Alix of Hesse), Tsarina Alexandra Feodorovna. He was bor ...

Alfred, 2nd Prince of Montenuovo Alfred, 2nd Prince of Montenuovo (16 September 18546 September 1927) was one of the highest court officials of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria. Among his direct ancestors were members of the House of Habsburg and the Medici family. Private life ...

Ippolit Andreev Ippolit Petrovich Andreev (; 18 December 1844 - fl. 1914) was a Russian naval officer, general of the fleet, and chairman of the Main Naval Court. Biography He served in the Navy after graduating from the Naval Cadet Corps in 1864. Since 1872 ...

Ivane Andronikashvili Prince Ivane Andronikashvili ( ka, ივანე ანდრონიკაშვილი; ; 1798 – November 19, 1868) was a Russian general from the Georgian noble Andronikashvili family. He was born in Qudaghlo in the Kingdom of Kartl ...

Fyodor Apraksin Count Fyodor Matveyevich Apraksin (also ''Apraxin''; ; , Moscow) was one of the first Russian admirals, governed Estonia and Karelia from 1712 to 1723, was made general admiral (1708), presided over the Russian Admiralty from 1717 to 1728''GR ...

Prince Arisugawa Takehito was the 10th head of a shinnōke, cadet branch of the Imperial House of Japan, Japanese imperial family and a career officer in the Imperial Japanese Navy. Early life Prince Takehito was born in Kyoto as a scion of the house, one of the ''sh ...

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* Prince August, Duke of Dalarna *

Prince August of Württemberg Friedrich August Eberhard, Prince of Württemberg (; 24 January 1813 in Stuttgart, Kingdom of Württemberg – 12 January 1885 in Ban de Teuffer, Zehdenick, Province of Brandenburg, Kingdom of Prussia) was a royal Prussian Colonel General of the C ...

Prince Augustus of Prussia Prince Frederick William Henry Augustus of Prussia (; 19 September 1779 – 19 July 1843) was a Prussian royal and general. Born on Friedrichsfelde Palace, he was the youngest son of Prince Augustus Ferdinand of Prussia, the brother of King Fred ...

Theodor Avellan Theodor Kristian Avellan (, Transliteration, tr. Fyodor Karlovich Avelan; 12 September 1839 – 30 September 1916) was a Swedish-speaking population of Finland, Finland-Swedish admiral in the Imperial Russian Navy, noted for his role in the ...

Karl Gustav von Baggovut Karl Gustav von Baggehufwudt (; ; ) was a Russian lieutenant general who took part both in Napoleonic Wars and Finnish War. His family was originally Norwegian, but had moved to Sweden in the 16th century, then to Estonia in the 17th century. ...

Pyotr Bagration Prince Pyotr Ivanovich Bagration (10 July 1765 – 24 September 1812) was a Russian general and prince of Georgians, Georgian origin, prominent during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. Bagration, a member of the Bagrationi dynasty ...

Pyotr Romanovich Bagration Prince Pyotr Romanovich Bagration (, ka, პეტრე რომანის (რევაზის) ძე ბაგრატიონი, tr; 24 September 1818 – 17 January 1876), the son of general Prince Roman Bagration, was a Russian- G ...

Alexander Barclay de Tolly-Weymarn Prince Alexander Magnus Friedrich Barclay de Tolly-Weymarn (, Alexander Petrovich Barklay-de-Tolli-Veymarn; December 22, 1824 – May 8, 1905), born as Alexander Magnus Friedrich von Weymarn, was a Baltic German military commander who served i ...

Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly Prince Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly (baptised – ) was a Russian field marshal who figured prominently in the Napoleonic Wars. Barclay was born into a Baltic German family from Livland. His father was the first of his family to be accep ...

* Joachim Otto von Bassewitz *

Vasili Bebutov Vasili Osipovich Bebutov (, ) (1 January 1791 – 7 April 1858) was an Imperial Russian general and a member of an Armenian noble family of Bebutashvili/Bebutov. Bebutov was in the military since 1809. Served in the Russo-Turkish War of 1806� ...

Friedrich von Beck-Rzikowsky Friedrich may refer to: Names *Friedrich (given name), people with the given name ''Friedrich'' *Friedrich (surname), people with the surname ''Friedrich'' Other *Friedrich (board game), a board game about Frederick the Great and the Seven Years' ...

Constantine Esperovich Beloselsky-Belozersky Prince Constantine Esperovich Beloselsky-Belozersky ( 1843 – 26 May 1920, Neuilly-sur-Seine) was a Russian general, landowner and horse breeder. Biography He was born on 16 June 1843 to Prince Esper Alexandrovitch Beloselsky-Belozersky and E ...

Alexander von Benckendorff (diplomat) Count Alexander Philipp Konstantin Ludwig von Benckendorff (, Alexander Konstantinovich Benkendorf; 1 August 1849 – 11 January 1917) was a Russian Empire, Russian diplomat, of Baltic German heritage, who served as ambassador to Denmark and the U ...

Andrew Bertie Andrew Willoughby Ninian Bertie (15 May 1929 – 7 February 2008) was Prince and Grand Master of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta from 1988 until his death in 2008. On 20 February 2015 a formal inquiry for the cause of his beatificat ...

* Aleksei Birilev *

Otto von Bismarck Otto, Prince of Bismarck, Count of Bismarck-Schönhausen, Duke of Lauenburg (; born ''Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck''; 1 April 1815 – 30 July 1898) was a German statesman and diplomat who oversaw the unification of Germany and served as ...

Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher (; 21 December 1742 – 12 September 1819), ''Graf'' (count), later elevated to ''Fürst'' (prince) von Wahlstatt, was a Kingdom of Prussia, Prussian ''Generalfeldmarschall'' (field marshal). He earned his greatest ...

Georgy Bobrikov Georgy Ivanovich Bobrikov (Russian, Георгий Иванович Бобриков, 1840 - 1924) was an Imperial Russian division commander. He was the brother of Nikolay Bobrikov. He had another brother, Ivan (1835-1880). He fought in World ...

* Nikolai Bobyr *

Julius von Bose Friedrich Julius Wilhelm Graf von Bose (12 September 1809 – 22 July 1894) was a Prussian general who commanded the Prussian XI Corps during the Franco-Prussian War. In 1821 Bose was a page boy at the court of Weimar. Bose entered the Prussian ...

Nikolai von Bunge Nikolai Karl Paul von Bunge (23 November .S. 11 November�1823 – 15 June .S. 3 June�1895) was a German-Russian economist, academic and statesman who served as the minister of finance of the Russian Empire from 1881 to 1886. He is known as ...

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Charles X Charles X may refer to: * Charles X of France (1757–1836) * Charles X Gustav (1622–1660), King of Sweden * Charles, Cardinal de Bourbon (1523–1590), recognized as Charles X of France but renounced the royal title See also * * King Charle ...

Charles XIII Charles XIII or Carl XIII (; 7 October 1748 – 5 February 1818) was King of Sweden from 1809 and King of Norway from 1814 to his death. He was the second son (and younger brother to King Gustav III) of King Adolf Frederick of Sweden and Louisa ...

Charles XV Charles XV or Carl (''Carl Ludvig Eugen''; Swedish language, Swedish and Norwegian language, Norwegian officially: ''Karl''; 3 May 1826 – 18 September 1872) was King of Sweden and List of Norwegian monarchs, Norway, there often referred to as C ...

Zakhar Chernyshev Zakhar Grigoryevich Chernyshev (; 172231 August 1784) was a Russian noble, courtier to Catherine the Great, Imperial Russian Army officer, and Imperial Russian politician in the 18th century. After made a courtier to then-Princess Sophie of An ...

Piotr Grigoryevich Chernyshev Count Pyotr Grigoryevich Chernyshev (; 24 March 1712 – 20 August 1773) was a Russian Imperial nobleman, diplomat, privy counsellor, chamberlain, and senator. Early life A member of the Chernyshyov family, he was the son of (1672–1745) and A ...

Christian IX of Denmark Christian IX (8 April 181829 January 1906) was King of Denmark from 15 November 1863 until his death in 1906. From 1863 to 1864, he was concurrently Duke of Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg. A younger son of Frederick William, Duke of Schlesw ...

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Mikhail Pavlovich Danilov Mikhail Pavlovich Danilov (15 May 1825 – 17 January 1906) was an Imperial Russian general and corps commander. He fought in the Crimean War, the January Uprising in Poland and the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878. Rank * Second Lieutenant: 184 ...

* Nikolay Ivanovich Demidov *

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Hans Karl von Diebitsch Hans Karl Friedrich Anton Graf von Diebitsch und Narten (; 13 May 1785 – 10 June 1831) was a German-born soldier serving as Russian field marshal. Career Hans Karl was educated at the Berlin cadet school, but by the desire of his father ...

* Dmitry Dashkov *

Dmitry Petrovich Dokhturov Dmitry Petrovich Dokhturov (25 May 1838 – 25 March 1905) was an Imperial Russian brigade, division and corps commander. He fought in the wars in the Caucasus and against the Ottoman Empire. Ranks * Poruchik (23 April 1859) * Stabskapitän ...

Vasily Dolgorukov-Krymsky Prince Vasily Mikhailovich Dolgorukov-Krymsky (; – ) was a Russian statesman, general, and the commander-in-chief of Moscow from 1780 to 1782. Already a seasoned veteran of several wars, he was a senior military commander of the Russo-Turki ...

Mikhail Drozdovsky Mikhail Gordeevich Drozdovsky (; ; October 7, 1881 – January 1, 1919) was a Russian army general and one of the military leaders of the anti-Bolshevik White movement during the Russian Civil War. In early 1918 he led a regiment of volunteers ...

Fyodor Dubasov Admiral Fyodor Vasilyevich Dubasov () (3 July ( O.S. 21 June) 1845 – 2 July (O.S. 19 June) 1912, Saint Petersburg) served as Governor General of Moscow from 24 November 1905 to 5 July 1906. Fyodor Dubasov was born into the noble family of the ...

Adam Duncan, 1st Viscount Duncan Admiral Adam Duncan, 1st Viscount Duncan (1 July 17314 August 1804) was a Royal Navy officer best known for defeating the Batavian Navy at the 1797 Battle of Camperdown. The victory was one of the most significant naval battles in the French Rev ...

Alexander Alexandrovich Dushkevich Alexander Alexandrovich Dushkevich (; 20 September 1853 – 1918) was an Imperial Russian division and corps commander. He took part in the war against the Ottoman Empire and the Empire of Japan. He was promoted to major general in 1905 and lieu ...

Andrei Eberhardt Andrei Augustovich Ebergard (; 9 November 1856 – 19 April 1919) was an Imperial Russian Navy admiral of German ancestry. Biography Eberhardt was born in Patras, Greece, where his father, August Eberhardt, served as the consul for the Russian ...

Edward VII Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 22 January 1901 until Death and state funeral of Edward VII, his death in 1910. The second child ...

* Johann Martin von Elmpt *

Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Ernest I (; 2 January 178429 January 1844) served as the last sovereign duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (as Ernest III) from 1806 to 1826 and the first sovereign duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha from 1826 to 1844. He was the father of Prince Albert, ...

Vladimir Etush Vladimir Abramovich Etush (6 May 19229 March 2019) was a Soviet and Russian film and theater actor of Jewish descent. People's Artist of the USSR (1984). Biography He was born on 6 May 1922 in Moscow into a Jewish family. Father - Abram Shak ...

Archduke Eugen of Austria Archduke Eugen Ferdinand Pius Bernhard Felix Maria of Austria-Teschen (21 May 1863 – 30 December 1954) was an Archduke of Austria-Hungary, Austria and a Prince of Kingdom of Hungary, Hungary and Kingdom of Bohemia, Bohemia. He was the last Gra ...

* Aleksei Evert *

Ferdinand I of Bulgaria Ferdinand I (Ferdinand Maximilian Karl Leopold Maria; 26 February 1861 – 10 September 1948) was Prince of Bulgaria from 1887 to 1908 and Tsar of Bulgaria from 1908 until his abdication in 1918. Under his rule, Bulgaria entered the First Worl ...

Ferdinand II of Portugal ''Dom (title), Dom'' Ferdinand II (; 29 October 1816 – 15 December 1885), also known as Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and as "the King-artist" (), was King of Portugal from 16 September 1837 to 15 November 1853 as the husband and co-ruler ...

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Francis IV, Duke of Modena Francis IV Joseph Charles Ambrose Stanislaus (Italian: ''Francesco IV Giuseppe Carlo Ambrogio Stanislao d'Asburgo-Este''; 6 October 1779 – 21 January 1846) was Duke of Modena, Reggio, and Mirandola (from 1815), Duke of Massa and Prince of ...

Franz Joseph I of Austria Franz Joseph I or Francis Joseph I ( ; ; 18 August 1830 – 21 November 1916) was Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary, and the ruler of the Grand title of the emperor of Austria, other states of the Habsburg monarchy from 1848 until his death ...

Archduke Franz Karl of Austria Archduke Franz Karl Joseph of Austria (17 December 1802 – 8 March 1878) was a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine. He was the father of two emperors: Franz Joseph I of Austria and Maximilian I of Mexico. Through his third son Karl Lud ...

Frederick VI of Denmark Frederick VI ( Danish and ; 28 January 1768 – 3 December 1839) was King of Denmark from 13 March 1808 until his death in 1839 and King of Norway from 13 March 1808 to 7 February 1814. He was the last king of Denmark–Norway. From 1784 until h ...

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Frederick VIII of Denmark Frederik VIII (; 3 June 1843 – 14 May 1912) was King of Denmark from 29 January 1906 until his death in 1912. As the eldest son of Christian IX of Denmark, King Christian IX, nicknamed the ''Father-in-law of Europe'', Frederick was related ...

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Ivan Fullon Ivan Alexandrovich Fullon (July 23 (Aug. 4), 1844 – 1920) was an Imperial Russian division and corps commander. He participated in the suppression of the rebellion in Poland and the war against the Ottoman Empire. Before the Russian Revolution o ...

Prince Fushimi Sadanaru was the 22nd head of the Fushimi-no-miya shinnōke (branch of the Imperial Family). He was a field marshal in the Imperial Japanese Army. Early life Prince Sadanaru was born in Kyoto as the fourteenth son of Prince Fushimi Kuniie (1802–18 ...

Ivan Ganetsky Ivan Stepanovich Ganetsky (October 8, 1810 – 1887) was an Imperial Russian division commander. He fought in wars in the Caucasus, Poland and against the Ottoman Empire. Biography Born on 26 September (8 October) 1810 in the noble dvoryan Ganet ...

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* Gavriil Gagarin *

George IV George IV (George Augustus Frederick; 12 August 1762 – 26 June 1830) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and King of Hanover from 29 January 1820 until his death in 1830. At the time of his accession to the throne, h ...

George V George V (George Frederick Ernest Albert; 3 June 1865 – 20 January 1936) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 until Death and state funeral of George V, his death in 1936. George w ...

George Mikhailovich Romanov Grand Duke George Mikhailovich of Russia (, also spelled ''Romanoff''; ; born 13 March 1981) is the heir apparent to Maria Vladimirovna, a claimant to the disputed Headship of the Imperial Family of Russia.de Badts de Cugnac, Chantal. Coutant ...

Aleksandr Gerngross Freiherr, Baron Alexandr Alekseyevich Gerngross () (4 August 1851 – 17 March 1925) was a general of Dutch people, Dutch descent who served in the Imperial Russian Army during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Biography Gerngross was from ...

* Alexander von Güldenstubbe *

August Neidhardt von Gneisenau August Wilhelm Antonius Graf Neidhardt von Gneisenau (27 October 176023 August 1831) was a Prussian field marshal. He was a prominent figure in the reform of the Prussian military and the War of Liberation. Early life Gneisenau was born at Schi ...

Dmitry Mikhailovich Golitsyn the Elder Prince Dmitry Mikhailovich Golitsyn (, ; 16651737) was a Russian aristocrat of the Golitsyn family. A cousin of Prince Vasily Vasilyevich Golitsyn, he was noted for his noble attempt to turn Russia into a constitutional monarchy. Golitsyn was ...

Dmitry Mikhailovich Golitsyn the Younger Prince Dmitry Mikhailovich Golitsyn or Gallitzin (, ; ; 15 May 1721 – 19 September 1793) was a Russian diplomat, philanthropist and art collector from the House of Golitsyn, Golitsyn family. He was the son of Field Marshal Mikhail Mikhailovich ...

Colmar Freiherr von der Goltz Wilhelm Leopold Colmar Freiherr von der Goltz (12 August 1843 – 19 April 1916), also known as ''Goltz Pasha'', was a Prussian field marshal and military writer. Early life and ancestry Goltz was born in Adlig Bielkenfeld, East Prussia (later ...

Nikolay Gondatti Nikolay Lvovich Gondatti (December 3, 1860 – April 5, 1946) was a Russian statesman, a researcher of Northern and Northeastern Siberia. Equerry, Stallmeister of the Court of His Imperial Majesty Nicholas II of Russia, Nicholas II, Active State ...

* Gregory IV of Antioch *

Oskar Gripenberg Oskar Ferdinand Gripenberg (; 13 January 1838 – 7 January 1916) was a Finnish-Swedish general of the Russian Second Manchurian Army during the Russo-Japanese War. Biography Oskar Ferdinand Gripenberg was born in Ikaalinen (Swedish: Ikalis), G ...

* Curtis Guild Jr. * Wladyslaw Gurowski *

Gustaf V Gustaf V (Oscar Gustaf Adolf; 16 June 1858 – 29 October 1950) was King of Sweden from 8 December 1907 until his death in 1950. He was the eldest son of King Oscar II of Sweden and Sophia of Nassau, a half-sister of Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxe ...

Gustaf VI Adolf Gustaf VI Adolf (Oscar Fredrik Wilhelm Olaf Gustaf Adolf; 11 November 1882 – 15 September 1973) was King of Sweden from 29 October 1950 until his death in 1973. He was the eldest son of Gustaf V and his wife, Victoria of Baden. Before Gustaf ...

Gustav, Prince of Vasa Gustav, Prince of Vasa (; 9 November 1799 – 4 August/5 August 1877), born Crown Prince of Sweden, was the son of King Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden and Queen Frederica. His Austrian princely title (from 1829) was actually spelled ''Wasa''. Life and ...

Haakon VII of Norway Haakon VII (; 3 August 187221 September 1957) was King of Norway from 18 November 1905 until his death in 1957. The future Haakon VII was born in Copenhagen as Prince Carl of Denmark. He was the second son of the Crown Prince and Crown Princess ...

John Maurice Hauke Jan Maurycy Hauke (26 October 1775 – 29 November 1830) was a Polish general and professional soldier of the Hauke family, which had Flemish and Saxon origins. Life Maurycy Hauke was the son of Fryderyk Karol Emanuel Hauke (1737–1810), a Ge ...

Lodewijk van Heiden Lodewijk Sigismund Vincent Gustaaf Reichsgraf van Heiden (; ; 6 September 1773 – 17 October 1850) was a Dutch naval officer and Orangism (Dutch Republic), Orangist who went into exile from the Batavian Republic and served in the Russian N ...

Prince Heinrich XV of Reuss-Plauen Heinrich XV, Prince Reuss of Greiz (22 February 1751 – 30 August 1825) was the fourth of six sons born into the reigning family of the Principality of Reuss. At the age of fifteen he joined the army of the Habsburg monarchy and later fought aga ...

Gregor von Helmersen Gregor von Helmersen or Grigory Petrovich Helmersen (, – ) was a Baltic German geologist. Biography Helmersen was born in Duckershof, Livonia (now in Estonia) and went to boarding school in St. Petersburg. He graduated from the Univers ...

Prince Henry of Prussia (1781–1846) Prince Frederick Henry Charles of Prussia (; 30 December 1781, Berlin - 12 July 1846, Rome) was a Prussian prince and army officer. Life Henry was a son of Frederick William II of Prussia (1744-1797) by his second wife Frederika Louisa (1751 ...

Prince Hermann of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (1825–1901) Hermann George Bernard of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (4 August 1825 at Altenstein Castle – 31 August 1901 in Berchtesgaden Berchtesgaden () is a municipality in the district Berchtesgadener Land, Bavaria, in southeastern Germany, near the b ...

* Gavriil Ignatyev *

Illarion Illarionovich Vasilchikov Illarion Illarionovich Vasilchikov (1805 – 12 November 1862) was an Imperial Russian general and the great grandson of emperor Alexander I of Russia. He was the son of Illarion Vasilyevich Vasilchikov and Vera Vasilchikova. He was the father ...

Alexander Imeretinsky Alexander Konstantinovich Bagration-Imeretinsky ( ka, ალექსანდრე კონსტანტინეს ძე ბაგრატიონ-იმერეტინსკი (''Aleksandre Konstantines dze Bagration-Imeretinski' ...

* Ivan Cherkasov *

Archduke John of Austria Archduke John of Austria (, ; (or simply ''Nadvojvoda Janez''); 20 January 1782 – 11 May 1859), a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine, was an Austrian field marshal and imperial regent (''Reichsverweser'') of the short-lived German Emp ...

Prince Johann of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg Prince Johann of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (5 December 1825 – 27 May 1911) was the ninth of the ten children of Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg and Princess Louise Caroline of Hesse-Kasse ...

John VI of Portugal '' Dom'' John VI (; 13 May 1767 – 10 March 1826), known as "the Clement" (), was King of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves from 1816 to 1825, and after the recognition of Brazil's independence, titular Emperor of Brazil ...

Joseph, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg Joseph (Joseph Georg Friedrich Ernst Karl; 27 August 1789 – 25 November 1868) was Duke of Saxe-Altenburg from 1834 to 1848. Biography Joseph was the second but first surviving son of Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (of Saxe-Altenburg f ...

Kyprian Kandratovich Kipryian Antonovich Kandratovich (, Kipryjan Kandratovič, ), (April 29, 1859 – October 31, 1932) was an Imperial Russian corps commander and the appointed commander of the armed forces of the short-lived Belarusian Democratic Republic. Born in ...

Prince Kan'in Kotohito was the sixth head of a cadet branch of the Japanese imperial family, and a career army officer who served as Chief of the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff from 1931 to 1940. During his tenure as the Chief of the Imperial Japanese Army Gen ...

Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern Karl Anton von Hohenzollern may refer to: *Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern (born 1811), reigning Prince of Hohenzollern and Prussian prime minister *Prince Karl Anton of Hohenzollern (born 1868) Prince Karl Anton of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen ( ...

Karl Philipp, Prince of Schwarzenberg Karl Philipp, Fürst zu House of Schwarzenberg, Schwarzenberg (or Charles Philip, Prince of Schwarzenberg; 18/19 April 1771 – 15 October 1820) was an Habsburg monarchy, Austrian Generalissimo and former Field Marshal. He first entered milita ...

Prince Karl Theodor of Bavaria Prince Karl Theodor Maximilian August of Bavaria (7 July 1795 – 16 August 1875); and grand prior of the order of Malta, was a Bavarian soldier. Early life Charles was born in Munich on 7 July 1795. He was the second son of King Maximil ...

* Alexander von Kaulbars * Paisi Kaysarov *

Amanullah Khan Ghazi (warrior), Ghazi Amanullah Khan (Pashto/Dari: ; 1 June 1892 – 26 April 1960) was the head of state, sovereign of Afghanistan from 1919, first as Emirate of Afghanistan, Emir and after 1926 as Kingdom of Afghanistan, King, until his abdic ...

* Mikhail Khilkov * Pyotr Kikin *

Jan Hendrik van Kinsbergen Jan Hendrik van Kinsbergen, Count of Doggerbank (1 May 1735 – 24 May 1819), was a Dutch naval officer. Having had a good scientific education, Van Kinsbergen was a proponent of fleet modernization and wrote many books about naval organization, ...

Hugo von Kirchbach Hugo Ewald Graf von Kirchbach (23 May 1809 – 26 October 1887) was a Prussian general who commanded the Prussian V Corps during the Franco-Prussian War. Biography He was born in 1809 at Neumarkt in Silesia, to the Saxon noble family of Kir ...

Prince Kitashirakawa Yoshihisa of Japan, was the second head of a ōke, collateral branch of the Imperial Household of Japan, Japanese imperial family. He was formerly enshrined in Tainan Shrine, Tainan-Jinja, Taiwan, under the name ''Kitashirakawa no Miya Yoshihisa-shinnō ...

Johann von Klenau Johann Josef Cajetan Graf von Klenau, Freiherr von Janowitz (; 13 April 1758 – 6 October 1819) was a field marshal in the Hapsburg Monarchy, Habsburg army. Klenau, the son of a Bohemian nobility, Bohemian noble, joined the House of Habsbur ...

Hans von Koester Hans Ludwig Raimund von Koester (29 April 1844 – 21 February 1928) was a German naval officer who served in the Prussian Navy and later in the Imperial German Navy. He retired as a Grand Admiral. Career overview Born Hans Ludwig Raimund Koester ...

Prince Komatsu Akihito was a Japanese career officer in the Imperial Japanese Army, who was a member of the Fushimi-no-miya, one of the ''shinnōke'' branches of the Imperial Household of Japan, Imperial Family of Japan, which were eligible to succeed to the Chrysant ...

Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich of Russia Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich of Russia ( rus, Константи́н Константи́нович, p=kənstɐnʲˈtʲin kənstɐnʲˈtʲinəvʲɪtɕ, a=Konstantin Konstantinovich Romanov.ru.vorb.oga; 22 August 1858 – 15 June 1915 ...

Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of Russia Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of Russia (; 21 September 1827 – 25 January 1892) was the Emperor's Viceroy of Poland from 1862 to 1863 and a general admiral of the Imperial Russian Navy. Early life Konstantin Nikolayevich was born as ...

Konstantin of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst The first name Konstantin () is a derivation from the Latin name '' Constantinus'' ( Constantine) in some European languages, such as Bulgarian, Russian, Estonian and German. As a Christian given name, it refers to the memory of the Roman emperor ...

Johann Albrecht Korff Baron Johann Albrecht von Korff (November 30, 1697 – April 7, 1766) was a Russian diplomat. He was the president of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences in 1734–1740. A native of Courland, he moved through his service at the court duchess ...

* Apostol Kostanda *

Wincenty Krasinski Wincenty is a given name. Notable people with the name include: *Ryszard Wincenty Berwiński (1817–1879), Polish poet * Wincenty Budzyński (1815–1866), Polish politician agent and Polish–French chess master * Wincenty de Lesseur (born 1745) ...

Mikhail Krechetnikov Michael N. Krechetnikov (, 1729, Moscow Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population e ...

Alexey Kurakin Prince Alexei Borisovich Kurakin (19 September 1759 – 30 December 1829) was a Russian statesman, Active Privy Councillor of the 1st class (1826), who held a number of top positions in the reign of Paul I and Alexander I. The direct ancestor of ...

* Boris Kurakin (1733) *

Aleksey Kuropatkin Aleksey Nikolayevich Kuropatkin (; March 29, 1848January 16, 1925) was a Russian politician and military officer who served as the Russian Imperial Minister of War from January 1898 to February 1904 and as a field commander subsequently. Hist ...

Mikhail Kutuzov Prince Mikhail Illarionovich Golenishchev-Kutuzov-Smolensky (; – ) was a Field Marshal of the Russian Empire. He served as a military officer and a diplomat under the reign of three Romanov monarchs: Empress Catherine II, and Emperors Paul ...

Sergey Stepanovich Lanskoy Sergey Stepanovich Lanskoy (; - ) was the Russian Minister of the Interior from 1855 to 1861, being inaugurated during a reform-minded era and dismissed after the Emancipation Reform of 1861. He is known for being close friends with Nikolay Mil ...

Mikhail Lazarev Admiral Mikhail Petrovich Lazarev (; ) was a Russian fleet commander and explorer. Education and early career Lazarev was born in Vladimir city, a scion of the old Russian nobility from the Vladimir province. In 1800, he enrolled in Russ ...

Leopold I of Belgium Leopold I (16 December 1790 – 10 December 1865) was the first king of the Belgians, reigning from 21 July 1831 until his death in 1865. The youngest son of Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Leopold took a commission in the Imperial Rus ...

Leopold II of Belgium Leopold II (9 April 1835 – 17 December 1909) was the second king of the Belgians from 1865 to 1909, and the founder and sole owner of the Congo Free State from 1885 to 1908. Born in Brussels as the second but eldest-surviving son of King Leo ...

Leopold IV, Duke of Anhalt Leopold IV Frederick, Duke of Anhalt (1 October 179422 May 1871) was a German prince of the House of Ascania. From 1817 until 1853 he was ruler of the duchy of Anhalt-Dessau and from 1847 until 1853 also ruler of the duchy of Anhalt-Köthen. Fro ...

Alexander Mikhailovich Lermontov Alexander Mikhailovich Lermontov (27 February 1838 – 26 December 1906) was an Imperial Russian division commander. He participated in the war against the Ottoman Empire. Awards *Order of Saint Anna, 3rd class, 1863 *Order of Saint Stanislaus ...

George Maximilianovich, 6th Duke of Leuchtenberg Prince George Maximilianovich Romanowsky, 6th Duke of Leuchtenberg (29 February 1852 – 16 May 1912), also known as Prince Georgii Romanovsky or Georges de Beauharnais, was the youngest son of Maximilian de Beauharnais, 3rd Duke of Leuchtenberg a ...

Sergei Georgievich, 8th Duke of Leuchtenberg Prince Sergei Georgievich Romanowsky, 8th Duke of Leuchtenberg (4 July 1890 – 7 January 1974), was the son of Prince George Maximilianovich Romanowsky, 6th Duke of Leuchtenberg, and his second wife, Princess Anastasia of Montenegro. He succeede ...

Levan V Dadiani Levan V Dadiani ( ka, ლევან V დადიანი; 1793 – 30 July 1846), of the House of Dadiani, was Prince of Mingrelia, in western Georgia, from 1804 to 1846. Succeeding on the death of his father Grigol Dadiani, he ruled—initi ...

Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse Louis IV (; 12 September 1837 – 13 March 1892) was the Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine from 13 June 1877 until his death in 1892. Through his marriage to Queen Victoria's second daughter Alice, he was connected to the British royal family. T ...

Louis XVIII Louis XVIII (Louis Stanislas Xavier; 17 November 1755 – 16 September 1824), known as the Desired (), was King of France from 1814 to 1824, except for a brief interruption during the Hundred Days in 1815. Before his reign, he spent 23 y ...

Prince Louis of Battenberg Louis Alexander Mountbatten, 1st Marquess of Milford Haven (24 May 185411 September 1921), formerly Prince Louis Alexander of Battenberg, was a British naval officer and German prince related by marriage to the British royal family. Although ...

Friedrich von Löwis of Menar Friedrich may refer to: Names *Friedrich (given name), people with the given name ''Friedrich'' *Friedrich (surname), people with the surname ''Friedrich'' Other *Friedrich (board game), a board game about Frederick the Great and the Seven Years' ...

Archduke Ludwig Viktor of Austria Archduke Ludwig Viktor Joseph Anton of Austria (15 May 1842 – 18 January 1919) was the youngest child of Archduke Franz Karl of Austria and Princess Sophie of Bavaria, and the younger brother of Emperor Franz Joseph I. He had a military ...

Luís I of Portugal Dom (title), ''Dom'' Luís I (; 31 October 1838 – 19 October 1889), known as "the Popular" (Portuguese language, Portuguese: ''o Popular'') was King of Portugal from 1861 to 1889. Luís was a member of the ruling House of Braganza. The second ...

Manuel II of Portugal Dom (title), Dom Manuel II (Manuel Maria Filipe Carlos Amélio Luís Miguel Rafael Gabriel Gonzaga Francisco de Assis Eugénio de Saxe-Coburgo-Gotha e Bragança; 15 November 1889 – 2 July 1932), sometimes known as Manuel the Unfortunate () or ...

Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna of Russia Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna of Russia (; born 23 December 1953) has been a claimant to the headship of the House of Romanov, the Imperial Family of Russia (who reigned as Emperors and Autocrats of all the Russias from 1613 to 1917) since ...

Mikhail Matyushkin Mikhail Athanas'evich Matyushkin (; 1676-1737) was a general of the Russian Empire during the reign of Peter the Great who held pivotal status in the Caucasus and Central Asian conquests. He is noted amongst others for his participation in the R ...

Duke William of Mecklenburg-Schwerin Duke Frederick William Nicholas of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (; 5 March 1827 – 28 July 1879) was the second son of Paul Frederick, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, and Princess Alexandrine, daughter of King Frederick William III of Prussia. Lif ...

* Duke Charles of Mecklenburg *

Samad bey Mehmandarov Samad bey Sadykh bey oghlu Mehmandarov (, ; 16 October 1855 – 12 February 1931) was an Azerbaijani General of the Artillery in the Russian Imperial Army, a member of the Independence faction of the Parliament of the Azerbaijan Democratic R ...

Emmanuel von Mensdorff-Pouilly Emmanuel Graf von Mensdorff-Pouilly (24 January 1777 – 28 June 1852) was an army officer in the Imperial and Royal Army during the Napoleonic Wars, Imperial-Royal Army of the Austrian Empire, and vice-governor of Mainz. He was the uncle of Q ...

Klemens von Metternich Klemens Wenzel Nepomuk Lothar, Prince of Metternich-Winneburg zu Beilstein ( ; 15 May 1773 – 11 June 1859), known as Klemens von Metternich () or Prince Metternich, was a German statesman and diplomat in the service of the Austrian Empire. ...

* Feofil Egorovich Meyendorf *

Grand Duke Michael Nikolaevich of Russia Grand Duke Michael Nikolaevich of Russia (25 October 1832 – 18 December 1909) was a Russian Empire Field Marshal, the fourth son and seventh child of Emperor Nicholas I of Russia and Charlotte of Prussia. He was the first owner of the New Michae ...

Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia (; 13 June 1918) was the youngest son and fifth child of Emperor Alexander III of Russia and youngest brother of Nicholas II. He was designated Emperor of Russia after his brother Nicholas II of Russia ...

Miguel I of Portugal '' Dom'' Miguel I (26 October 1802 – 14 November 1866), known by several nicknames, was the King of Portugal between 1828 and 1834. He was son of King John VI and Queen Carlota Joaquina. Following his exile as a result of his actions ...

* Mikhail Volkonsky *

Milan I of Serbia Milan Obrenović IV ( sr-cyr, Милан Обреновић, Milan Obrenović; 22 August 1854 – 11 February 1901) reigned as the Prince of Serbia from 10 June 1868 until 1882, when he became King of Serbia, a title he held until his abdica ...

Mikhail Miloradovich Count Mikhail Andreyevich Miloradovich (, , ; – ), spelled Miloradovitch in contemporary English sources, was a Russian general prominent during the Napoleonic Wars. On his father’s side, Miloradovich descended from the Serb noble family ...

Pavel Mishchenko Pavel Ivanovich Mishchenko (; Pavlo Ivanovych Mishchenko; 22 January 1853 – 1918) was an Russian Empire, Imperial Russian career military officer and statesman of the Imperial Russian Army. Biography Mishchenko was born in 1853 in the Russia ...

Mohammed Alim Khan Emir Sayyid Mir Muhammad Alim Khan ( Chagatai and , 3 January 1880 – 28 April 1944) was the last emir of the Uzbek Manghit dynasty, rulers of the Emirate of Bukhara in Central Asia. Although Bukhara was a protectorate of the Russian Empire ...

* Alexander von Moller *

Helmuth von Moltke the Elder Helmuth Karl Bernhard Graf von Moltke (; 26 October 180024 April 1891) was a Kingdom of Prussia, Prussian Generalfeldmarschall, field marshal. The chief of staff of the Prussian Army for thirty years, he is regarded as the creator of a new, more ...

Nikolay Mordvinov (admiral) Count Nikolay Semyonovich Mordvinov (; 17 April 1754 – 30 March 1845) was a Russian political thinker of Alexander I's reign. He is associated with the reforms of Mikhail Speransky, who he advised on the ways to improve the performance ...

Burkhard Christoph von Münnich Burkhard Christoph Graf von Münnich (; – ) was a German-born army officer who became a field marshal and political figure in the Russian Empire. He carried out major reforms in the Russian Army and founded several elite military forma ...

Mikhail Nikitich Muravyov Mikhail Nikitich Muravyov or Murav'ev (; – ) was a Russian poet and prose writer, "one of the best educated and most versatile writers of his generation in Russia".C. L. Drage, 'M. N. Murav'ev and the Moscow Manuscrupt of ''Institutiones r ...

Valentin Musin-Pushkin Count Valentin Platonovich Musin-Pushkin (Russian: Граф Валенти́н Плато́нович Му́син-Пу́шкин; ) was a Russian military and government official who reached the rank of field marshal. Biography Scion of a larg ...

Ivan Nabokov Ivan Aleksandrovich Nabokov () (11 March 1787 – 21 April 1852) was a Russian Adjutant general and general of infantry prominent during the Napoleonic wars. Biography Nabokov came from an old noble family based in the Novgorod governorate, ...

Napoleon III Napoleon III (Charles-Louis Napoléon Bonaparte; 20 April 18089 January 1873) was President of France from 1848 to 1852 and then Emperor of the French from 1852 until his deposition in 1870. He was the first president, second emperor, and last ...

Kamran Mirza Nayeb es-Saltaneh Kamran Mirza (; July 22, 1856 – April 15, 1929) was a Qajar prince and third surviving son of Naser al-Din Shah Qajar. He was a brother of Mass'oud Mirza Zell-e Soltan and Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar. Kamran Mirza also served as Iran's Command ...

* Ivan Neplyuyev *

Nicholas I of Russia Nicholas I, group=pron (Russian language, Russian: Николай I Павлович; – ) was Emperor of Russia, List of rulers of Partitioned Poland#Kings of the Kingdom of Poland, King of Congress Poland, and Grand Duke of Finland from 18 ...

Nicholas II of Russia Nicholas II (Nikolai Alexandrovich Romanov; 186817 July 1918) or Nikolai II was the last reigning Emperor of Russia, Congress Poland, King of Congress Poland, and Grand Duke of Finland from 1 November 1894 until Abdication of Nicholas II, hi ...

Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia (1831–1891) Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia (; 8 August 1831 – 25 April 1891) was the third son and sixth child of Nicholas I of Russia, Tsar Nicholas I of Russia and Charlotte of Prussia, Alexandra Feodorovna. He may also be referred to as Nic ...

Arkady Nikanorovich Nishenkov Arkady Nikanorovich Nishchenkov (; 6 March 1855 – February 1940) was an Imperial Russian general of the artillery and corps commander. He fought in the wars against the Ottoman Empire and the Empire of Japan. From 1914 to 1917 he commanded the ...

* August Ludwig von Nostitz *

Karl Nesselrode Karl Robert Reichsgraf von Nesselrode-Ehreshoven, also known as Charles de Nesselrode (; 14 December 1780 – 23 March 1862), was a Foreign policy of the Russian Empire, Russian diplomat of German nobility, German noble descent. For 40 years ( ...

Peter Obolyaninov Peter Khrisanfovich Obolyaninov (1752 – September 22, 1841) was a favorite of Paul I of Russia, Paul I, the General of the Infantry (Imperial Russia), General of the Infantry, in 1800–01 he was a prosecutor-general. For 16 years, from 1816 to ...

Alexey Fyodorovich Orlov Prince Alexey Fyodorovich Orlov (; ) was a Russian diplomat, the natural son of Count Fyodor Grigoryevich Orlov. Born in Moscow, he took part in the Napoleonic Wars from 1805 to the capture of Paris in 1814. For his services as commander of th ...

Oscar II Oscar II (Oscar Fredrik; 21 January 1829 – 8 December 1907) was King of Sweden from 1872 until his death in 1907 and King of Norway from 1872 to 1905. Oscar was the son of King Oscar I and Queen Josephine. He inherited the Swedish and Norweg ...

Fabian Gottlieb von der Osten-Sacken Fabian Gottlieb Fürst von der Osten-Sacken (; - ) was a Baltic German field marshal in the Imperial Russian Army who led the army against the Duchy of Warsaw and later governed Paris during the city's brief occupation by the anti-French coal ...

Archduke Otto of Austria (1865–1906) Archduke Otto Franz Joseph Karl Ludwig Maria of Austria (21 April 1865 – 1 November 1906) was the second son of Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria (younger brother of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria) and his second wife, Princess Maria An ...

Gore Ouseley Sir Gore Ouseley, 1st Baronet Royal Guelphic Order, GCH, Privy Council of the United Kingdom, PC (24 June 1770 – 18 November 1844), was a British entrepreneur, linguist and diplomat. He was born in 1770 and died at Hall Barn Park, Beaconsfiel ...

Fyodor Palitzin Fyodor Fyodorovich Palitzin (; – 19 February 1923), also spelled Palitsyn, was an Imperial Russian Army general who commanded the Russian Expeditionary Force in France. Palitzin attended the Pavel Military School until 1870, when he moved o ...

Duke Paul Frederick of Mecklenburg Duke Paul Frederick of Mecklenburg (; 19 September 1852 – 17 May 1923) was a member of the House of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and general of the Mecklenburg cavalry. Life Duke Paul Frederick was born in Ludwigslust Castle as the second eldes ...

Pavel Yaguzhinsky The Count (from 1731) Pavel Ivanovich Yaguzhinsky (Yagushinsky) (1683, in Grand Duchy of Lithuania – 17 April 1736, in Saint Petersburg) was a Russian statesman and diplomat, associate of Peter the Great, Chamberlain (office), Chamberlain (1712 ...

Pedro V of Portugal Dom (honorific), Dom Pedro V (; 16 September 1837 – 11 November 1861), nicknamed "the Hopeful" (), was King of Portugal from 1853 until his death in 1861. Early life and reign As the eldest son of Maria II of Portugal, Queen Maria II and ...

Duke Peter of Oldenburg Duke Constantine Frederick Peter of Oldenburg (; ; – ) was a Duke of the House of Oldenburg. He was the grandfather of Duke Peter of Oldenburg as well as grandfather of Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich, General of the Imperial Russian Army du ...

Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders Prince Philippe of Belgium, Count of Flanders (; 24 March 1837 – 17 November 1905), was the third born and second surviving son of King Leopold I of Belgium and Louise d'Orléans. He was the brother of Leopold II of Belgium and Empress Carlo ...

Konstanty Ludwik Plater Konstanty Ludwik Plater () (1722 – 31 March 1778 in Krāslava), was Castellan of Trakai from 1770, voivode of Mstislavl from 1758 to 1770, Castellan of Polotsk from 1754 to 1758, the Great Scribe of Lithuania from 1746 to 1754, Marshal of the ...

* Mikhail Mikhailovich Pleshkov *

Stanislaw August Poniatowski Stanislav and variants may refer to: People *Stanislav (given name), a Slavic given name with many spelling variations (Stanislaus, Stanislas, Stanisław, etc.) Places * Stanislav, Kherson Oblast, a coastal village in Ukraine * Stanislaus County, ...

Alexander Stepanovich Popov Alexander Stepanovich Popov (sometimes spelled Popoff; ; – ) was a Russian physicist who was one of the first people to invent a radio receiving device. declassified 8 January 2008 Popov's work as a teacher at a Russian naval school led hi ...

Carlo Andrea Pozzo di Borgo Count Carlo Andrea Pozzo di Borgo (, , ''Karl Osipovich Potso di Borgo''; 8 March 1764 – 15 February 1842) was a Corsican politician, who later became a Russian diplomat. He was an official representative of his homeland in Paris before ent ...

Yevfimiy Putyatin Yevfimiy Vasilyevich Putyatin (; 8 November 1803 – 16 October 1883), also known as was an admiral in the Imperial Russian Navy. His diplomatic mission to Japan resulted in the signing of the Treaty of Shimoda in 1855, for which he was ma ...

Mohammad Shah Qajar Mohammad Shah (; born Mohammad Mirza; 5 January 1808 – 5 September 1848) was the third Qajar ''shah'' of Iran from 1834 to 1848, inheriting the throne from his grandfather, Fath-Ali Shah. From a young age, Mohammad Mirza was under the tutela ...

* Mohammad Taqi Mirza Rokn ed-Dowleh *

Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar (; 23 March 1853 – 3 January 1907) was the fifth Qajar shah of Iran, reigning from 1896 until his death in 1907. He is often credited with the creation of the Persian Constitution of 1906, which he approved of in ...

Naser al-Din Shah Qajar Naser al-Din Shah Qajar (; ; 17 July 1831 – 1 May 1896) was the fourth Shah of Qajar Iran from 5 September 1848 to 1 May 1896 when he was assassinated. During his rule there was internal pressure from the people of Iran, as well as external ...

* Fyodor Radetsky *

Evgeny Aleksandrovich Radkevich Evgeny Aleksandrovich Radkevich (; 16 September 1851 – 1930) was an Imperial Russian Army general of the infantry and a member of the Military Council. He saw combat during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878 and the Russo-Japanese War and se ...

Alexander Ragoza Alexander Frantsevich Ragoza (; 20 June .S. 8 June1858 – 29 June 1919), also known as Oleksandr Frantsevych Rohoza (), was a Russian Empire, Russian General of the Infantry (Imperial Russia), general of the infantry during World War I, a ...

Henri de Rigny Marie Henri Daniel Gauthier, comte de Rigny (; 2 February 1782 – 6 November 1835) was the commander of the French squadron at the Battle of Navarino in the Greek War of Independence. Biography Family He was a nephew of Baron Joseph Dom ...

Roman Vorontsov Count (1760) Roman Illarionovich (Larionovich) Vorontsov (1717–1783) was a Full Chamberlain (1746), General-Chef (1761), Senator (1760), Vladimir, Penza and Tambov Governor-General (1778–1783), one of the first figures of Russian Freemason ...

Christopher Roop Christopher Khristoforovich Roop (; 1 May 1831 – 1917) was an Imperial Russian army officer. He was promoted to Polkovnik (colonel) in 1857, major general in 1863 and lieutenant general in 1871. Awards *Order of Saint Stanislaus (House of ...

* Rudolf, Prince of Liechtenstein *

Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria (Rudolf Franz Karl Josef; 21 August 1858 – 30 January 1889) was the only son and third child of Franz Joseph I of Austria, Emperor Franz Joseph I and Empress Elisabeth of Austria. He was heir apparent to the imp ...

Adam Rzhevusky Adam Rzewuski (, tr. ; 1801 – April 17, 1888) was a Polish-Russian general. He was born in Pohrebyshche in the Kiev Governorate of the Russian Empire (present-day Ukraine). He participated in wars in Poland and the Crimea. He died in Kiev. He ...

Anton Yegorovich von Saltza Anton may refer to: People * Anton (given name), a list of people with the given name * Anton (surname), a list of people with the surname Places * Anton Municipality, Bulgaria ** Anton, Sofia Province, a village * Antón District, Panama ** A ...

Alexander Samsonov Aleksandr Vasilyevich Samsonov (, tr. ; ) was a career officer in the cavalry of the Imperial Russian Army and a general during the Russo-Japanese War and World War I. He was the commander of the Russian Second Army which was surrounded and d ...

Johan Eberhard von Schantz Johan Eberhard von Schantz (; 29 October 1802 – 3 January 1880) was a Finnish-born admiral in the Russian Imperial Navy, ship designer and explorer. Life Schantz was born in the Western Finnish coastal town of Pori, which at the time was a p ...

Sergei Sheydeman Sergei Mikhailovich Sheydeman (; ; August 18, 1857 – February 29th 1920) was an army commander of the Imperial Russian Army in World War I. After the October Revolution, he sided with the Bolsheviks. Military service Sheydeman graduated from th ...

Yakov Schkinsky Yakov Federovich Shkinsky (4 June 1858 – 22 April 1938) was an Imperial Russian division and corps commander. He fought in the wars against the Ottoman Empire and the Empire of Japan. After the October Revolution, he fought against the Bolshev ...

* Alexei Senyavin *

Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia (; 11 May 1857 – 17 February 1905) was the fifth son and seventh child of Emperor Alexander II of Russia. He was an influential figure during the reigns of his brother Emperor Alexander III of Russia a ...

* Ivan Shestakov *

Georg von Stackelberg Georg August Paul Freiherr von Stackelberg (; ) was a Baltic German cavalry general in the service of the Imperial Russian Army. He was noted for his role during the Russo-Japanese War, especially during the Battle of Sandepu, in which he was ...

Gustav Ernst von Stackelberg Graf Gustav Ernst von Stackelberg () (5 June 1766, Reval, Governorate of Estonia – 18 April 1850, Paris, France) was a Russian diplomat of Baltic-German descent, and was the son of Otto Magnus von Stackelberg. By birth, he was member of the ...

Curt von Stedingk Curt Bogislaus Ludvig Kristoffer von Stedingk (26 October 1746 – 7 January 1837) was a count of the von Stedingk family, and a successful Swedish army officer and diplomat who played a prominent role in Swedish foreign policy for several deca ...

* Archduke Stephen of Austria (Palatine of Hungary) *

Vladimir Sukhomlinov Vladimir Aleksandrovich Sukhomlinov ( rus, Владимир Александрович Сухомлинов, p=sʊxɐˈmlʲinəf; – 2 February 1926) was a Russian general in the Imperial Russian Army who served as the Chief of the General Staf ...

Alexander Suvorov Count Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov-Rymniksky, Prince of Italy () was a Russian general and military theorist in the service of the Russian Empire. Born in Moscow, he studied military history as a young boy and joined the Imperial Russian ...

Fyodor Ushakov Admiral Fyodor Fyodorovich Ushakov ( rus, Фёдор Фёдорович Ушаков, Fëdor Fëdorovič Ušakov, p=ʊʂɐˈkof; – ) was an Imperial Russian Navy officer best known for his service in the French Revolutionary and Napoleon ...

Peter Tekeli Peter Tekeli (; ;''Popović'' is often omitted. ; 1720–1792) was a Russian general-in-chief of Serb origin. He achieved the highest rank among the Serbs who served in the Imperial Russian Army. Tekeli was born in a noble family of military tr ...

Alfred von Tirpitz Alfred Peter Friedrich von Tirpitz (; born Alfred Peter Friedrich Tirpitz; 19 March 1849 – 6 March 1930) was a German grand admiral and State Secretary of the German Imperial Naval Office, the powerful administrative branch of the German Imperi ...

* Dmitry Troshchinsky * Erast Tsytovich *

Prince Valdemar of Denmark Prince Valdemar of Denmark (27 October 1858 – 14 January 1939) was a member of the Danish royal family. He was the third son and youngest child of Christian IX of Denmark and Louise of Hesse-Kassel. He had a lifelong naval career. Early l ...

Sergei Vasilchikov Sergei Illarionovich Vasilchikov (9 September 1849 – 27 August 1926) was an Imperial Russian division commander.He was born in Kiev in modern-day Ukraine. He was the son of Imperial Russian general Illarion Illarionovich Vasilchikov. He fough ...

Georgy Vasmund Georgy Robertovich Vasmund (Russian, Георгий Робертович Васмунд, 25 December 1840 - 30 May 1904) was an Imperial Russian division commander, lieutenant general. He took part in the suppression of the uprising in Poland a ...

* Nikita Villebois *

Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich of Russia Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich of Russia (; 22 April 1847 – 17 February 1909) was a son of Emperor Alexander II of Russia, a brother of Emperor Alexander III of Russia and the senior Grand Duke of the House of Romanov during the reign of hi ...

Grand Duke Vladimir Kirillovich of Russia Grand Duke Vladimir Kirillovich of Russia (; 21 April 1992) was the Head of the Imperial Family of Russia, a position which he claimed from 1938 to his death in 1992. Early life Vladimir was born Prince Vladimir Kirillovich of Russia at Porvoo in ...

Sava Vladislavich Count Sava Lukich Vladislavich-Raguzinsky (; , ''Sava Vladislavić Raguzinski''; 16 January 1669 – 17 June 1738) was a Russian and Serbian diplomat, merchant, adventurer. He was in the employ of Peter the Great. Vladislavich conducted importa ...

Illarion Vorontsov-Dashkov Count Illarion Ivanovich Vorontsov-Dashkov (; 27 May 1837 – 15 January 1916) was a Russian general and official. He served as served as Minister of Imperial Properties between 1881 and 1897 and as Governor-General of the Caucasus Viceroyalty b ...

Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington Field marshal (United Kingdom), Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington (; 1 May 1769 – 14 September 1852) was a British Army officer and statesman who was one of the leading military and political figures in Britain during t ...

Wilhelm II, German Emperor Wilhelm II (Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor Albert; 27 January 18594 June 1941) was the last German Emperor and King of Prussia from 1888 until his abdication in 1918, which marked the end of the German Empire as well as the Hohenzollern dynasty ...

William I of Württemberg William I (; 27 September 178125 June 1864) was King of Württemberg from 30 October 1816 until his death. Upon William's accession, Württemberg was suffering crop failures and famine in the "Year Without a Summer", in 1816. After taking office, ...

William I, German Emperor Wilhelm I (Wilhelm Friedrich Ludwig; 22 March 1797 – 9 March 1888) was King of Prussia from 1861 and German Emperor from 1871 until his death in 1888. A member of the House of Hohenzollern, he was the first head of state of a united Germany. ...

William II of the Netherlands William II (; English: William Frederick George Louis; 6 December 1792 – 17 March 1849), known as Koning Willem de Tweede or Koning Willem II in the Netherlands, was King of the Netherlands, Grand Duke of Luxembourg, and Duke of Limburg. Wi ...

William II of Württemberg William II (; 25 February 1848 – 2 October 1921) was the last King of Württemberg. He ruled from 6 October 1891 until the dissolution of the kingdom on 30 November 1918. He was the last German ruler to abdicate in the wake of the November Rev ...

William IV William IV (William Henry; 21 August 1765 – 20 June 1837) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and King of Hanover from 26 June 1830 until his death in 1837. The third son of George III, William succeeded hi ...

* Duke William of Württemberg *

Sergei Witte Count Sergei Yulyevich Witte (, ; ), also known as Sergius Witte, was a Russian statesman who served as the first prime minister of the Russian Empire, replacing the emperor as head of government. Neither liberal nor conservative, he attracted ...

Duke Eugen of Württemberg (1788–1857) Duke Eugen of Württemberg (; 8 January 1788 – 16 September 1857) was a German prince and a General of Infantry in the Imperial Russian Army during the Napoleonic Wars. Early life and family Duke Eugen was born at Oels, Lower Silesia, Kingdo ...

* Sir James Wylie, 1st Baronet *

Yamagata Aritomo Prince was a Japanese politician and general who served as prime minister of Japan from 1889 to 1891, and from 1898 to 1900. He was also a leading member of the '' genrō'', a group of senior courtiers and statesmen who dominated the politics ...

* Aleksey Petrovich Yermolov * Prince Zaitao * Matija Zmajevic *

Dmitry Zuyev Dmitry Petrovich Zuyev ( – 4 September 1917) was an Imperial Russian Army general. He was commander of the 1st Infantry Division from 1907 to 1910. He fought in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878 and the Eastern Front of World War I. He co ...

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Order Of St. Alexander Nevsky St. Alexander Nevsky, Order of Awards established in 1725 1725 establishments in the Russian Empire Saint Alexander Nevsky, Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky, Order of Alexander Nevsky