Imperial Noble Consort Dunyi (惇怡皇貴妃瓜爾佳氏; 3 December 1683 – 30 April 1768), of the

Manchu The Manchus (; ) are a Tungusic peoples, Tungusic East Asian people, East Asian ethnic group native to Manchuria in Northeast Asia. They are an officially recognized Ethnic minorities in China, ethnic minority in China and the people from wh ...

Plain White Banner Gūwalgiya clan, was a consort of the

Kangxi Emperor The Kangxi Emperor (4 May 165420 December 1722), also known by his temple name Emperor Shengzu of Qing, personal name Xuanye, was the third emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the second Qing emperor to rule over China proper. His reign of 61 ...

. She was 29 years his junior. She outlived Empress Xiaoxianchun, Empress Nara, and several other of the

Qianlong Emperor The Qianlong Emperor (25 September 17117 February 1799), also known by his temple name Emperor Gaozong of Qing, personal name Hongli, was the fifth Emperor of China, emperor of the Qing dynasty and the fourth Qing emperor to rule over China pr ...

's imperial consorts and children.

Life

Family background

Imperial Noble Consort Dunyi's personal name is unknown, while her milk name was Hanjiuchun (旱九春). * Father: Human (祜滿), served as third rank military official ()

Kangxi era

Lady Guwalgiya was born on 16th day of 10th lunar month of the 22nd year of

, which translates to 3 December 1683 in

Gregorian calendar The Gregorian calendar is the calendar used in most parts of the world. It went into effect in October 1582 following the papal bull issued by Pope Gregory XIII, which introduced it as a modification of, and replacement for, the Julian cale ...

. In 1700, she entered Forbidden City at the age of seventeen, and was given the title of "Concubine He" (和嫔; "he" meaning "harmonious"). On 17 November 1701, she gave birth to the emperor's eighteenth daughter, who would die prematurely in the same month. In 1718, she was promoted to "Consort He" (和妃).

Yongzheng era

According to the tradition, each new emperor had to promote the imperial consorts of his predecessor. Lady Guwalgiya was promoted to "Dowager Noble Consort He" (和贵太妃) in 1722, but the promotion ceremony was held in July 1724.

Qianlong era

In 1743, Lady Guwalgiya was promoted to "Grand Dowager Imperial Noble Consort Wenhui" (温惠皇贵太妃; "wenhui" meaning "tender and kind"). The

carried out two kneelings and six bows, during which she stood up and accepted the ceremony. Her residence in the Forbidden City was Jingfu Palace (景福宫; meaning "Palace of Happy Scenery"), one of the palaces in the area of Ningshou Palace, a former palace for empresses dowager. In 1763, Lady Guwalgiya celebrated her eightieth birthday. She received nine rolls of Wuling Baotou, five-colored satin with azurites, one metre of silk with 8 golden roundels of dragons, two metres of brocade, three bags of gold pieces, one metre of satin with golden "shou" characters, 18 metres of dajuan satin, nine metres of velvet, nine metres of dajuan muslin, nine metres of damask, nine metres of spring silk and nine metres of Puhuan crepe. She died at the age of eighty-six in Jingfu Palace on 30 April 1768. She was granted the posthumous title "Imperial Noble Consort Dunyi" (惇怡皇贵妃; "dunyi" meaning "honest and pleasant") in June 1768. She was the longest living consort of the Kangxi Emperor.

Issue

* As Concubine He: ** ''Unnamed daughter'' (17 November 1701 – November 1701), the Kangxi Emperor's 18th daughter

Titles

* During the reign of the

(r. 1661–1722): ** Lady Guwalgiya (瓜爾佳氏) ** Concubine He (; from 1700), fifth rank imperial consort ** Consort He (; from 1718), fourth rank imperial consort * During the reign of the

Yongzheng Emperor The Yongzheng Emperor (13 December 1678 – 8 October 1735), also known by his temple name Emperor Shizong of Qing, personal name Yinzhen, was the fourth List of emperors of the Qing dynasty, emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the third Qing em ...

(r. 1722–1735): ** Dowager Noble Consort He (; from 1722) * During the reign of the

(r. 1735–1796): ** Grand Dowager Imperial Noble Consort Wenhui (; from 1743) ** ''Imperial Noble Consort Dunyi'' (; from 1768)

References

{{reflist Consorts of the Kangxi Emperor 1683 births 1768 deaths