Ibdis

'Ibdis (, ''‘Ibdis''; ) was a Palestinian village in the Gaza Subdistrict, located northeast of Gaza City. It was situated on flat ground on the coastal plain at an elevation of above sea level, and bordered by a ''wadi'' that bore its name on its eastern side. In 1945, Ibdis had a population of 540 and a land area of 4,593 dunams, of which 18 dunams were built-up areas.

History

Tombs, dating to the sixth and seventh century CE, and Byzantine ceramics have been found here.

12 century Crusader church endowments and land deeds mention Latin settlement in the village, calling it Hebde. 'Ibdis was also inhabited in the 15th century. Mamluk records mention its endowment as a waqf.

Ottoman era

Under the Ottomans, in the 1596 tax records, Ibdis was a village in the ''nahiya'' of Gaza, part of the Sanjak of Gaza, with a population of 35 households, an estimated 193 people, all Muslims. The villagers paid a fixed tax rate of 33,3 % on various products, including wheat, barley, sesame, fruits, vineyards, beehives, and goats; a total of 8,100 akçe. Half of the revenue went to a waqf.

In 1838, it was noted as a village Abdis'', located in the Gaza district.

Socin found from an official Ottoman village list from about 1870 that Ibdis had 12 houses and a population of 53, though the population count included men, only. Hartmann found that ''Abdis'' had 15 houses.

In 1882, the PEF's '' Survey of Western Palestine'' described it as a mid-sized village standing on open ground.

British Mandate era

During the British Mandate period, its houses were built of adobe brick and separated by narrow alleys. Toward the end of the Mandate period, new homes were constructed along the two roads that linked it with Majdal and the Jaffa Road. The village's Muslim community obtained water for domestic use from a deep well. However, because the number of drilled wells was limited, the residents relied largely on rainfall for their crops. Ibdis was well known in the Gaza region for its quality grains, including wheat, barley, and sorghum. In the later period, fruit trees were grown, including grapes, apricots, and oranges.Khalidi, 1992, pp. 104-105.

In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the British Mandate authorities, ''‘Abdis'' had a population of 319, all Muslims, increasing in the 1931 census to 425, still all Muslims, in 62 houses.Mills, 1932, p
4

In the 1945 statistics Ibdis had a population of 540, all Muslims, with a total of 4,593 dunams of land, according to an official land and population survey. Of this, 149 dunams were used for plantations and irrigable land, 4,307 for cereals, while 18 dunams were built-up land.

1948 War, aftermath

The daily Palestinian newspaper '' Filastin'' reported in mid-February 1948, that Israeli forces arrived at Ibdis in three large vehicles on the evening of February 17. They were engaged by the local militia and a clash ensued which went on for over an hour. until the attackers retreated to Negba. According to the account, none of the residents were injured.''Filastin''
19.02.1948
cited in Khalidi, 1992, p. 105

On July 8, as the first truce of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War was about to end, Israel's Givati Brigade moved on the southern front to link up with Israeli forces in the Negev. Although, they did not succeed in this mission, they managed to capture numerous villages in the area, including Ibdis. The Third Battalion of the brigade attacked the village at night, resulting in a 'long battle" with two companies of the Egyptian Army stationed there. The Israelis "only finished cleaning the position by the hours of the morning", according to Haganah accounts. It is unclear whether the inhabitants of Ibdis were expelled at that time, but the Haganah claims military equipment was taken was from the Egyptians.

Egyptian forces tried to recapture the village on July 10, but failed after suffering "heavy losses" when combating Israeli forces stationed there. According to the Haganah, the second Israeli victory at Ibdis was a turning point in the Givati advance, since onwards the brigade's forces did not withdraw from a single position until the end of the war. There was another failed attempt to capture the village on July 12. Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser, who was a junior officer on this front recalled "On the first day of the truce the enemy sraeli forcesmoved against the Arab village of 'Ibdis which interpenetrated our lines".

Following the war the area was incorporated into the State of Israel. Merkaz Shapira was established nearby in 1948 and cultivates some land near the village site, but was, by 1992, not on Ibdis lands.

See also

* Depopulated Palestinian locations in Israel

References

Bibliography

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* Nasser, G.A. (1955/1973)
"Memoirs"
in '' Journal of Palestine Studies''

“Nasser's Memoirs of the First Palestine War” in 2, no. 2 (Win. 73): 3-32
pdf-file, downloadable
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External links

Ibdis
Zochrot
*Survey of Western Palestine, Map 16
IAAWikimedia commons
from the Khalil Sakakini Cultural Center

{{Palestinian Arab villages depopulated during the 1948 Palestine War

Arab villages depopulated during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War
District of Gaza