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The I Corps of the
Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Centr ...
( Turkish: ''1 nci Kolordu'' ''or'' ''Birinci Kolordu'') was one of the
corps Corps (; plural ''corps'' ; from French , from the Latin "body") is a term used for several different kinds of organization. A military innovation by Napoleon I, the formation was formally introduced March 1, 1800, when Napoleon ordered Gener ...
of the
Ottoman Army The Military of the Ottoman Empire () was the armed forces of the Ottoman Empire. It was founded in 1299 and dissolved in 1922. Army The Military of the Ottoman Empire can be divided in five main periods. The foundation era covers the years ...
consisting of ethnic Albanians. It was formed in the early 20th century during Ottoman military reforms.


Formation


Order of Battle, 1911

With further reorganization of the Ottoman Army, to include the creation of corps-level headquarters, by 1911 the I Corps was headquartered in Harbiye. Before the
First Balkan War The First Balkan War lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and involved actions of the Balkan League (the Kingdoms of Kingdom of Bulgaria, Bulgaria, Kingdom of Serbia, Serbia, Kingdom of Greece, Greece and Kingdom of Montenegro, Montenegro) agai ...
in 1911, the corps was structured as such: *I Corps, Harbiye,
Constantinople Constantinople (#Names of Constantinople, see other names) was a historical city located on the Bosporus that served as the capital of the Roman Empire, Roman, Byzantine Empire, Byzantine, Latin Empire, Latin, and Ottoman Empire, Ottoman empire ...
( Ferik
Zeki Pasha Zeki Pasha İzzettin Çalışlar, ''On yıllık savaşın günlüğü: Balkan, Birinci Dünya ve İstiklal Savaşları'', Yapı Kredi Yayınları, 1997, (; 1862–1943), known as Mehmet Zeki Baraz Kolaç Kılıçoğlu after the 1934 Surname La ...
) ** 1st Infantry Division, Harbiye, Constantinople ***1st Infantry Regiment, Harbiye, Constantinople ***2nd Infantry Regiment,
Bakırköy Bakırköy is a municipality and Districts of Turkey, district in the European part of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 29 km2, and its population is 226,685 (2022). Bakırköy lies between the State road D.100 (Turkey), D.100 highway (l ...
, Constantinople ***3rd Infantry Regiment, İşkodra ***1st Rifle Battalion, Taksim, Constantinople ***1st Field Artillery Regiment, Taksim, Constantinople ***1st Division Band, Harbiye, Constantinople ** 2nd Infantry Division, Selimiye, Constantinople (Mirliva Prens Aziz Pasha) ***4th Infantry Regiment, İşkodra ***5th Infantry Regiment, Selimiye, Constantinople ***6th Infantry Regiment, Selimiye, Constantinople ***2nd Rifle Battalion, Selimiye, Constantinople ***2nd Field Artillery Regiment, Selimiye, Constantinople ***2nd Division Band, Selimiye, Constantinople ** 3rd Infantry Division, Pangaltı, Constantinople (Mirliva Osman Pasha) ***7th Infantry Regiment, Taşkışla, Constantinople ***8th Infantry Regiment, Taşkışla, Constantinople ***9th Infantry Regiment,
Kağıthane Kağıthane (, also ''Kâğıthane''), formerly Sadâbad () and Glykà Nerà (Greek: Γλυκά Νερά, , 'sweet waters') is a municipality and district of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 15 km2, and its population is 455,943 (2022). ...
, Constantinople ***3rd Rifle Battalion, Tophane, Constantinople ***3rd Field Artillery Regiment, Rami Kışlası, Constantinople ***3rd Division Band, Taşkışla, Constantinople *Units of I Corps *1st Rifle Regiment, Yıldız, Constantinople *1st Cavalry Brigade, Davutpaşa, Constantinople **1st Cavalry Regiment, Yıldız, Constantinople **2nd Cavalry Regiment, Davutpaşa, Constantinople *2nd Cavalry Brigade, Davutpaşa, Constantinople **3rd Cavalry Regiment, Davutpaşa, Constantinople **4th Cavalry Regiment, Selimiye, Constantinople *1st Horse Artillery Battalion, Davutpaşa, Constantinople *1st Mountain Artillery Battalion, Münzevî Kışlası, Constantinople *1st Field Howitzer Battalion, Gümüşsuyu, Constantinople *1st Engineer Battalion, İplikhane, Constantinople *1st Telegraph Battalion, Ertuğrul Kışlası, Constantinople *1st Medical Battalion, Ahırkapı, Constantinople *1st Railroad Battalion, Ahırkapı, Constantinople *2nd Railroad Battalion, Ahırkapı, Constantinople * War Academy, Harbiye, Constantinople **Cavalry Squadron, Harbiye, Constantinople **Infantry Company, Harbiye, Constantinople **Provisional Companies x 2, Harbiye, Constantinople **Machine-gun Company, Harbiye, Constantinople * Bosporus Fortified Area Command,
Bosporus The Bosporus or Bosphorus Strait ( ; , colloquially ) is a natural strait and an internationally significant waterway located in Istanbul, Turkey. The Bosporus connects the Black Sea to the Sea of Marmara and forms one of the continental bo ...
, Constantinople **1st Heavy Artillery Regiment, Bosporus, Constantinople **2nd Heavy Artillery Regiment, Bosporus, Constantinople **Searchlight Detachment, Bosporus, Constantinople **Torpedo Detachment, Bosporus, Constantinople **Mine Detachment, Bosporus, Constantinople **Wireless Detachment, Bosporus, Constantinople


Balkan Wars


Order of Battle, October 17, 1912

On October 17, 1912, the corps was structured as follows:Edward J. Erickson, ''Defeat in Detail, The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912–1913'', Westport, Praeger, 2003, p. 83. *I Corps (Thrace, under the command of the Eastern Army) ** 2nd Division, 3rd Division **1st Provisional Division


Order of Battle, October 29, 1912

On October 29, 1912, the corps was structured as follows:Edward J. Erickson, ''Defeat in Detail, The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912–1913'', Westport, Praeger, 2003, p. 103. *I Corps (Thrace, under the command of the First Eastern Army) ** 2nd Division, 3rd Division **1st Provisional Division, Uşak Redif Division


Order of Battle, November 17, 1912

On November 17, 1912, the corps was structured as follows:Edward J. Erickson, ''Defeat in Detail, The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912–1913'', Westport, Praeger, 2003, p. 128. *I Corps (Thrace, under the command of the Chataldja Army) ** 2nd Division, 3rd Division **South Wing Detachment *I Provisional Reserve Corps ** 29th Division **Ergli Redif Division, Kayseri Redif Division


Order of Battle, March 25, 1913

On March 25, 1913, the corps was structured as follows:Edward J. Erickson, ''Defeat in Detail, The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912–1913'', Westport, Praeger, 2003, p. 287. *I Corps (Thrace, under the command of the Chataldja Army) ** 2nd Division **Fatih Redif Division *I Provisional Reserve Corps ** 29th Division, **Ergli Redif Division, Kayseri Redif Division


Order of Battle, July 1913

*I Corps (Thrace) ** 2nd Division, 28th Division, Fatih Infantry Division


World War I


Order of Battle, August 1914, November 1914

In August 1914, November 1914, the corps was structured as follows:Edward J. Erickson, ''Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War'', Greenwood Press, 2001, , p. 38, 43. *I Corps (Thrace) ** 1st Division, 2nd Division, 3rd Division


Order of Battle, Late April 1915

In late April 1915, the corps was structured as follows:Edward J. Erickson, ''Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War'', Greenwood Press, 2001, , p. 86. *I Corps (Thrace) **1st Division, 2nd Division


Order of Battle, Late Summer 1915, January 1916

In late Summer 1915, January 1916, the corps was structured as follows:Edward J. Erickson, ''Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War'', Greenwood Press, 2001, , p. 109, 126. *I Corps (Gallipoli) **2nd Division, 3rd Division


Order of Battle, August 1916

In August 1916, the corps was structured as follows:Edward J. Erickson, ''Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War'', Greenwood Press, 2001, , p. 134. *I Corps (Gallipoli) ** 14th Division, 16th Division


Order of Battle, December 1916

In December 1916, the corps was structured as follows:Edward J. Erickson, ''Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War'', Greenwood Press, 2001, , p. 154. *I Corps (Thrace) **14th Division, 16th Division


Order of Battle, August 1917, January 1918, June 1918, September 1918

In August 1917, January 1918, June 1918, September 1918, the corps was structured as follows:Edward J. Erickson, ''Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War'', Greenwood Press, 2001, , p. 170, 181, 188, 197. *I Corps (Thrace) **42nd Division


After Mudros


Order of Battle, November 1918

In November 1918, the corps was structured as follows:Edward J. Erickson, ''Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War'', Greenwood Press, 2001, , p. 202. *I Corps (Thrace) ** 55th Division


Order of Battle, January 1919

In January 1919, the corps was structured as follows:Edward J. Erickson, ''Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War'', Greenwood Press, 2001, , p. 209.Zekeriya Türkmen, ''Mütareke Döneminde Ordunun Durumu ve Yeniden Yapılanması (1918-1920)'', Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi, 2001, , p. 326. *I Corps (Thrace, Adrianople; present day
Edirne Edirne (; ), historically known as Orestias, Adrianople, is a city in Turkey, in the northwestern part of the Edirne Province, province of Edirne in Eastern Thrace. Situated from the Greek and from the Bulgarian borders, Edirne was the second c ...
) ** 49th Division (Kırkkilise; present day
Kırklareli Kırklareli () is a city in the East Thrace, European part of Turkey. It is the seat of Kırklareli Province and Kırklareli District.60th Division (
Malkara Malkara () is a municipality and district of Tekirdağ Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,243 km2 (the largest in Tekirdağ Province), and its population is 50,988 (2022). It is located at 55 km west of Tekirdağ and 190 km from Ist ...
) ***186th Infantry Regiment, 187th Infantry Regiment


Sources

{{Ottoman Forces during World War I Corps of the Ottoman Empire Military units and formations of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkan Wars Military units and formations of the Ottoman Empire in World War I Military in Istanbul 1911 establishments in the Ottoman Empire