Industrial Union of Donbas (ISD; ) is one of the biggest corporations in

Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the nor ...

. It is a horizontally integrated holding company that owns or directs stocks of 40 industrial enterprises in

East Ukraine Eastern Ukraine or East Ukraine (; ) is primarily the territory of Ukraine east of the Dnipro (or Dnieper) river, particularly Kharkiv, Luhansk and Donetsk oblasts (provinces). Dnipropetrovsk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts are often also regarded as " ...

Hungary Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning much of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and ...

, and

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...

. The company was created in 1995 and before the appearance of

SCM Holdings System Capital Management () or SCM is a major Ukrainian financial and industrial holding company established in 2000 in Donetsk, Ukraine. It is currently headquartered in Limassol, Cyprus. The business is controlled by Ukrainian businessman a ...

in 2000 was a major steel rolling corporation in

. According to

Interfax Interfax () is a Russian news agency. The agency is owned by Interfax News Agency joint-stock company and is headquartered in Moscow. History As the first non-governmental channel of political and economic information about the USSR, Interfax ...

, ISD produces 9.2 million of steel annually. In 2012

World Steel Association World Steel Association, abbreviated as worldsteel, is the international industry association for the iron and steel sector. The association is one of the largest and most dynamic industry associations in the world, with members in every major s ...

ranking the corporation placed 33rd sharing it with

JSW Steel Ltd JSW Steel Limited is an Indian multinational steel producer based in Mumbai and is a flagship company of the JSW Group. After the merger of Bhushan Power & Steel, Ispat Steel and Jindal Vijayanagar Steel Limited, JSW Steel became India's sec ...

. In 2021 a court process was initiated regarding bankruptcy of ISD. Later, the Alchevsk Coke-Chemical Factory was recognized bankrupt and proceedings were initiated to liquidate a business entity. In 2017 ISD was informing that lost control of the Alchevsk Coke-Chemical Factory.

Stock holders

Serhiy Taruta Serhii Olexiiovych Taruta (; born 22 July 1955) is a Ukrainian politician and current member of the Ukrainian parliament, Ukrainian businessman, sometimes called an oligarch, founder of Industrial Union of Donbas, former President of FC Metalurh ...

* Oleh Mkrtchian * '' Vitaliy Haiduk'' (left corporation) In 2010 the Swiss-based Carbofer Group (associate of

Evraz Group EVRAZ plc () is a UK-incorporated multinational steel manufacturing and mining company part-owned by Russian oligarchs. It has operations mainly in Russia as well as the USA, Canada, and Kazakhstan. Its listing on the London Stock Exchange (LSE ...

) along with a "group of investors" and the

Vnesheconombank Vnesheconombank or Vneshekonombank () is shorthand for the Bank for Bank for Foreign Economic Affairs, established in 1988 from the former Foreign Trade Bank of the USSR. It may refer to: * Vnesheconombank (USSR), a Soviet bank in activity from 19 ...

has purchased the controlling interest in corporation 50%+2 stocks. Because of that Vitaliy Haiduk left ISD. Earlier in 2007

Metalloinvest Metalloinvest Management Company LLC () is a Russian mining and metallurgy company specializing in the manufacture of steel. It was founded in 1999 and is composed of a mining division (Lebedinsky GOK and Mikhailovsky GOK) and a steel division ( ...

showed its interest to buy portion of ISD.

List of holding's main enterprises

* Alchevsk Metallurgical Combine * Alchevsk Coke-chemical Plant *

Dnieper Metallurgical Combine Dnieper Metallurgical Combine () is one of the biggest metallurgical companies in Ukraine along with Kryvorizhstal and Illich Steel and Iron Works. It is located in Kamianske, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast. History The main plant was founded back in ...

(

Kamianske Kamianske (, ; ), previously known as Dniprodzerzhynsk from 1936 to 2016, is an industrial city in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Ukraine, and a port on the Dnieper, Dnieper River. It serves as the administrative center of Kamianske Raion and Kamianske ...

), in 2021 the Ukrainian

Metinvest Metinvest is a group of steel and mining companies that owns operations in Ukraine, Italy, Bulgaria, the UK and the US. The company mines ore and coal, produces coke, smelts steel and produces rolled products, pipes and other steel products. Th ...

bought out the enterprise after it was recognized as bankrupt. *

ISD Dunaferr ISD may refer to: Schools United States * Independent school district, a type of school district * Illinois School for the Deaf, Jacksonville, Illinois * Independence Public School District, headquartered in Independence, Missouri * Indiana Scho ...

(

Dunaújváros Dunaújváros (; also known by #Etymology and names, alternative names) is an industrial city in Fejér County, Central Hungary. It is a city with county rights. Situated 70 kilometres (43 miles) south of Budapest on the Danube, the city is best ...

, since 2004), in July of 2023 the British Liberty Steel acquired bankrupted Hungarian enterprise.

2007 acquisitions

In 2007 ISD obtained from

the Kuibyshev Kramatorsk Metallurgical Plant (

Kramatorsk Kramatorsk (, ; ) is a city and the administrative centre of Kramatorsk Raion in Donetsk Oblast of the Donbas region of eastern Ukraine. Prior to 2020, Kramatorsk was a city of oblast significance. Since October 2014, Kramatorsk has been the ...

) which was fighting against bankruptcy charges since 2006. At the end of 2012 the Donetsk Economical Court recognized Kramatorsk Metallurgical Plant as bankrupt, while most of its assets were transferred to two smaller factories - Kramatorsk Metal-rolling Plant and Kramatorsk Ferroalloy Plant. ISD obtained 75% shares of the Gdansk Shipyard, with the remaining share held by the Polish government. The Polish government regained 50% in 2018.

Smaller companies

* Dnieper Pipe Plant (

Pavlohrad Pavlohrad (, ) is a city in eastern Ukraine, located within Dnipropetrovsk Oblast. It serves as the administrative center of Pavlohrad Raion. Its population is approximately The rivers of Vovcha (runs through the city towards the Samara Riv ...

, built in 2008) * Enerhomashspetsstal (

) * Panteleimon Refractory Plant (

Horlivka Horlivka ( ; , ), also known as Gorlovka (, ), is a city in Donetsk Oblast of Ukraine. Its population is Economic activity is predominantly coal mining and the chemical industry. The Horlivka Institute for Foreign Languages has a two-building ...

) * Agrarian companies: "Olha", "Zoria" * Dianivska Poultry Farm * Bakhmut Agrarian Union * Karansky Grain Elevator

Media companies

* Internet publisher "ProUA" * Comments newspaper
comments.ua
* Economic news newspaper
www.eizvestia.com
* Expert-Ukraine magazine * Invest-Gazette

Sports

* ISD sports club () *

FC Metalurh Donetsk Football Club Metalurh Donetsk (, ) was a Ukrainian professional football club based in Donetsk that went bankrupt in July 2015. History Club predecessor Football came to the Donetsk region in the time of the Russian Empire when the industr ...

(went bankrupt in 2015 and merged into Stal Kamianske) *

FC Stal Kamianske FC Stal Kamianske () was a professional Ukrainian football club based in Kamianske, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Ukraine. After being relegated to the Ukrainian First League after the 2017–18 Ukrainian Premier League season, the club re-registered ...

(moved to Bucha and became PFC Feniks Bucha before going bankrupt in 2018) *

HC Sokil Kyiv Hockey Club Sokil Kyiv (; ), commonly known as Sokil Kyiv, HC Sokil, or HC Sokol Kiev, is a Ukrainian professional ice hockey team based in Kyiv. While their home arena is located in the city, the team also plays out of Brovary, still within the ...

(sponsorship)

Former enterprises

* Khartsyzsk pipe plant * Kramatorsk Metallurgical Plant * ISD Huta Czestochowa (

Częstochowa Częstochowa ( , ) is a city in southern Poland on the Warta with 214,342 inhabitants, making it the thirteenth-largest city in Poland. It is situated in the Silesian Voivodeship. However, Częstochowa is historically part of Lesser Poland, not Si ...

). (Since 22 January 2021 part of

Liberty House Group Liberty Steel Group Holdings UK Ltd (LSG), which is also referred to as Liberty House or Liberty House UK, is a British industrial and metals company founded in the United Kingdom in 1992 by industrialist Sanjeev Gupta. It is headquartered in ...

Relations and controversies

Academics state that ISD provided significant financial support for

Viktor Yuschenko Viktor Andriiovych Yushchenko (, ; born 23 February 1954) is a Ukrainian politician who was the third president of Ukraine from 23 January 2005 to 25 February 2010. He aimed to orient Ukraine towards the West, European Union, and NATO. Yushchenk ...

during his

presidential campaign A political campaign is an organized effort which seeks to influence the decision making progress within a specific group. In democracies, political campaigns often refer to electoral campaigns, by which representatives are chosen or referen ...

and subsequent

Orange Revolution The Orange Revolution () was a series of protests that led to political upheaval in Ukraine from late November 2004 to January 2005. It gained momentum primarily due to the initiative of the general population, sparked by the aftermath of the ...

. Vitaliy Haiduk (appointed by President YuschenkoYushchenko names businessman to oversee Security Council

Kyiv Post The ''Kyiv Post'' is Ukraine’s first and most prominent English-language newspaper. It was founded in 1995 in Kyiv by American businessman Jed Sunden. In 2018, the publication was acquired by prominent Ukrainian businessman Adnan Kivan, foun ...

(Oct. 10, 2006)) headed the

National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine The National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine, ( NSDCU; , ''RNBOU'') or RNBO, is the coordinating state body of the executive power under the President of Ukraine on issues of national security and defense. It is a state agency tasked wi ...

from October 2006 till May 2007.#12 Richest: Vitaliy Haiduk, 53

(17 December 2010) Haiduk also served as deputy minister and minister of fuel and energy from 2000 under former President

Leonid Kuchma Leonid Danylovych Kuchma (, ; born 9 August 1938) is a Ukrainian politician who was the second president of Ukraine, serving from 19 July 1994 to 23 January 2005. The only president of Ukraine to serve two terms, his presidency was marked by demo ...

, who in 2002 promoted him to deputy prime minister. Haiduk also served as an adviser on energy to former Prime Minister

Yulia Tymoshenko Yulia Volodymyrivna Tymoshenko ( Hrihyan born 27 November 1960) is a Ukrainian politician, who served as Prime Minister of Ukraine in 2005, and again from 2007 until 2010; the first and only woman in Ukraine to hold that position. She has been ...

prior to 2010.

References

External links

Official website
* Åslund, A.
How Ukraine Became a Market Economy and Democracy
'. "

Peterson Institute The Peterson Institute for International Economics (PIIE), known until 2006 as the Institute for International Economics (IIE), is an American think tank based in Washington, D.C. It was founded by C. Fred Bergsten in 1981 and has been led by A ...

". 2009. * Wolchik, S.L., Curry, J.L.
Central and East European Politics: From Communism to Democracy
'. "

Rowman & Littlefield Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group is an American independent academic publishing company founded in 1949. Under several imprints, the company offers scholarly books for the academic market, as well as trade books. The company also owns ...

". 2008 {{Authority control Holding companies of Ukraine Companies based in Donetsk Economy of Donetsk Oblast Economy of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast Donbas Conglomerate companies of Ukraine Companies based in Donetsk Oblast Steel companies of Ukraine