Hypertrophy is the increase in the volume of an organ or tissue due to the enlargement of its component cells. It is distinguished from hyperplasia, in which the cells remain approximately the same size but increase in number. Although hypertrophy and hyperplasia are two distinct processes, they frequently occur together, such as in the case of the hormonally induced proliferation and enlargement of the cells of the

uterus The uterus (from Latin ''uterus'', : uteri or uteruses) or womb () is the hollow organ, organ in the reproductive system of most female mammals, including humans, that accommodates the embryonic development, embryonic and prenatal development, f ...

during

pregnancy Pregnancy is the time during which one or more offspring gestation, gestates inside a woman's uterus. A multiple birth, multiple pregnancy involves more than one offspring, such as with twins. Conception (biology), Conception usually occurs ...

. Eccentric hypertrophy is a type of hypertrophy where the walls and chamber of a hollow organ undergo growth in which the overall size and volume are enlarged. It is applied especially to the left ventricle of heart.

Sarcomere A sarcomere (Greek σάρξ ''sarx'' "flesh", μέρος ''meros'' "part") is the smallest functional unit of striated muscle tissue. It is the repeating unit between two Z-lines. Skeletal striated muscle, Skeletal muscles are composed of tubular ...

s are added in series, as for example in dilated cardiomyopathy (in contrast to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a type of concentric hypertrophy, where sarcomeres are added in parallel).

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Gould Pyle 234.jpg,

Breasts The breasts are two prominences located on the upper ventral region of the torso among humans and other primates. Both sexes develop breasts from the same embryology, embryological tissues. The relative size and development of the breasts is ...

Hypertrophied clitoris.jpg,

Clitoris In amniotes, the clitoris ( or ; : clitorises or clitorides) is a female sex organ. In humans, it is the vulva's most erogenous zone, erogenous area and generally the primary anatomical source of female Human sexuality, sexual pleasure. Th ...

Head of a boy with hypertrophy of the ear Wellcome L0062496.jpg, Ear Gould Pyle 127.jpg, Fingers Feet from a case of partial hypertrophy of the foot Wellcome L0061374.jpg,

Foot The foot (: feet) is an anatomical structure found in many vertebrates. It is the terminal portion of a limb which bears weight and allows locomotion. In many animals with feet, the foot is an organ at the terminal part of the leg made up o ...

(partial) Hypertrophy of the gums Wellcome L0062728.jpg, Gums Hypertrophy from Carswell, 1838. Wellcome L0000931.jpg,

Heart The heart is a muscular Organ (biology), organ found in humans and other animals. This organ pumps blood through the blood vessels. The heart and blood vessels together make the circulatory system. The pumped blood carries oxygen and nutrie ...

Kidney hypertrophy Wellcome L0005308.jpg, Kidneys Face of man with hypertrophy of the temporal muscles Wellcome L0062508.jpg, Temporal muscles Tibia affected by chronic inflammatory hypertrophy Wellcome L0061256.jpg,

Tibia The tibia (; : tibiae or tibias), also known as the shinbone or shankbone, is the larger, stronger, and anterior (frontal) of the two Leg bones, bones in the leg below the knee in vertebrates (the other being the fibula, behind and to the outsi ...

(inflammatory) Inflammatory hypertrophy of the tongue Wellcome L0061277.jpg, Tongue (inflammatory) Gould Pyle 100.jpg, Upper lip Operative gynecology - (1906) (14780430391).jpg, Urethral meatus

References

External links

University of California Muscle Physiology Home Page: Hypertrophy
{{Authority control Muscular system Tissues (biology) Exercise physiology Physical exercise Anatomical pathology

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See also

References

External links