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Hristo Apostolov Matov (
p. 143.
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Hristo Apostolov Matov (Bulgarian
Bulgarian may refer to:
* Something of, from, or related to the country of Bulgaria
* Bulgarians, a South Slavic ethnic group
* Bulgarian language, a Slavic language
* Bulgarian alphabet
* A citizen of Bulgaria, see Demographics of Bulgaria
* Bul ...
: Христо Апостолов Матов, also spelled Christo Matoff) (10 March 1872 – 10 February 1922) was a prominent Macedonian Bulgarian
Macedonians or Macedonian Bulgarians ( bg, македонци or македонски българи), sometimes also referred to as Macedono-Bulgarians, Macedo-Bulgarians, or Bulgaro-Macedonians are a regional, ethnographic group of eth ...
revolutionary, philologist, folklorist and publicist and one of the leaders of the Bulgarian Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Committees
The Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO; bg, Вътрешна Македонска Революционна Организация (ВМРО), translit=Vatrešna Makedonska Revoljucionna Organizacija (VMRO); mk, Внатр� ...
, (later SMORO, IMORO, IMRO).
Matov was born in 1872 in Struga
Struga ( mk, Струга , sq, Strugë) is a town and popular tourist destination situated in the south-western region of North Macedonia, lying on the shore of Lake Ohrid. The town of Struga is the seat of Struga Municipality.
Name
The n ...
, Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
(today part of the Republic of North Macedonia
North Macedonia, ; sq, Maqedonia e Veriut, (Macedonia before February 2019), officially the Republic of North Macedonia,, is a country in Southeast Europe. It gained independence in 1991 as one of the successor states of Socialist Feder ...
). Upon receiving his education in the Bulgarian school in Salonica
Thessaloniki (; el, Θεσσαλονίκη, , also known as Thessalonica (), Saloniki, or Salonica (), is the second-largest city in Greece, with over one million inhabitants in its metropolitan area, and the capital of the geographic region ...
, he chose a career as a teacher.
In 1895, while in Salonica, Matov was initiated into the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization
The Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO; bg, Вътрешна Македонска Революционна Организация (ВМРО), translit=Vatrešna Makedonska Revoljucionna Organizacija (VMRO); mk, Внатр� ...
(IMRO) by Damyan Gruev
Damyan Yovanov Gruev (,The first names can also be transliterated as ''Damjan Jovanov'', after Bulgarian Дамян Йованов Груев and Macedonian Дамјан Јованов Груев. The last name is also sometimes rendered as ''G ...
. His education warranted his subsequent appointment as a director of the Bulgarian pedagogical school of Skopje
Skopje ( , , ; mk, Скопје ; sq, Shkup) is the capital and largest city of North Macedonia. It is the country's political, cultural, economic, and academic centre.
The territory of Skopje has been inhabited since at least 4000 BC; ...
. In less than a year as head of the school, he succeeded in organizing many revolutionary committees. In 1898 he was elected as member of the Central Committee in Salonica.
In 1901, when the Salonica outrage occurred and the Ottoman authorities arrested many IMRO activists, he was imprisoned there and later exiled to Bodrum
Bodrum () is a port city in Muğla Province, southwestern Turkey, at the entrance to the Gulf of Gökova. Its population was 35,795 at the 2012 census, with a total of 136,317 inhabitants residing within the district's borders. Known in ancient ...
, Asia Minor. In 1902, as a result of a general amnesty, he was released and allowed to return to Thessaloniki. Soon after, he went to Sofia as a representative of the Central Committee of the IMRO.
The failure of the Ilinden Uprising Ilinden ( Bulgarian/Macedonian Cyrillic: Илинден) or Ilindan (Serbian Cyrillic: Илиндан), meaning "Saint Elijah's Day", may refer to:
Events
* Republic Day (North Macedonia), 2 August
Geographic locations Bulgaria
* Ilinden, Blago ...
in 1903 reignited the rivalries between the varying factions of the Macedonian revolutionary movement. The left-wing faction opposed Bulgarian nationalism but the Centralist's faction of the IMARO, drifted more and more towards it. At that time Matov became one of the leaders of the ''Centralist faction''. He escaped assassination in 1907, when Boris Sarafov
Boris Petrov Sarafov (Bulgarian and mk, Борис Петров Сарафов) (12 June 1872 in Libyahovo, Salonica Vilayet, Ottoman Empire, present-day Bulgaria – 28 November 1907 in Sofia, Bulgaria) was a Bulgarian Army officer and r ...
and Ivan Garvanov
Ivan Garvanov ( bg, Иван Гарванов) (December 23, 1869 in Stara Zagora, today Bulgaria – November 28, 1907 in Sofia) was a Bulgarian revolutionary and leader of the revolutionary movement in Ottoman Macedonia and Southern Thrace. Bi ...
were killed by the leftist Todor Panitsa
Todor Nikolov Panitsa ( bg, Тодор Николов Паница) (July 2, 1879 Oryahovo, Bulgaria – May 7, 1925 Vienna, Austria) was a Bulgarian revolutionary figure, active in the region of Macedonia. He was one of the leaders of the left w ...
. Afterwards, he participated in the Balkan Wars
The Balkan Wars refers to a series of two conflicts that took place in the Balkan States in 1912 and 1913. In the First Balkan War, the four Balkan States of Greece, Serbia, Montenegro and Bulgaria declared war upon the Ottoman Empire and defe ...
and in the First World War as a Bulgarian officer.
Matov was acknowledged as a constitutionalist of the Macedonian movement. He is the author of several books, a number of pamphlets, and several poems while in prison.
He died in Sofia
Sofia ( ; bg, София, Sofiya, ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Bulgaria, largest city of Bulgaria. It is situated in the Sofia Valley at the foot of the Vitosha mountain in the western parts of the country. ...
on 10 February 1922.Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Macedonia, Dimitar Bechev, Scarecrow Press, 2009, p. 143.
/ref>
Honours
Matov Peak
The Wright Ice Piedmont () is an ice piedmont extending westward from Lanchester Bay along the west coast of Graham Land in Antarctica.
Location
The Wright Ice Piedmont lies on the Davis Coast on the west side of the Antarctic Peninsula.
It ...
in Graham Land
Graham Land is the portion of the Antarctic Peninsula that lies north of a line joining Cape Jeremy and Cape Agassiz. This description of Graham Land is consistent with the 1964 agreement between the British Antarctic Place-names Committee a ...
, Antarctica is named after Hristo Matov.
See also
*Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organisation
The Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO; bg, Вътрешна Македонска Революционна Организация (ВМРО), translit=Vatrešna Makedonska Revoljucionna Organizacija (VMRO); mk, Внатр� ...
(IMRO)
Notes and references
{{DEFAULTSORT:Matov, Hristo 1872 births 1922 deaths People from Struga Members of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization Bulgarian folklorists Bulgarian revolutionaries Bulgarian Men's High School of Thessaloniki alumni Bulgarian educators Prisoners and detainees of the Ottoman Empire Bulgarian military personnel of the Balkan Wars Bulgarian military personnel of World War I Recipients of the Order of Military Merit (Bulgaria) Macedonian Bulgarians Burials at Central Sofia Cemetery People from the Ottoman Empire