Victor Alexandre Henri Chaput (17 November 1857,

Tonnerre Tonnerre (English: Thunder) is a French word meaning "thunder". It may refer to: Places Canada * Rivière-au-Tonnerre, Quebec, a municipality of the Minganie Regional County Municipality *Tonnerre River (Normandin River), a tributary of the Norman ...

– 1919) was a French surgeon who specialized in intestinal surgery.

Biography

He studied medicine in

Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...

, where he received his doctorate in 1885. In 1888 he became a hospital surgeon, subsequently performing surgery at the Hôpitaux Broussais, Boucicaut, and Lariboisièr during his career.Henri Victor Chaput
at

Who Named It ''Whonamedit?'' is an online English-language dictionary of medical eponyms and the people associated with their identification. Though it is a dictionary, many eponyms and persons are presented in extensive articles with comprehensive bibliograp ...

He was at the forefront of surgical

asepsis Asepsis is the state of being free from disease-causing micro-organisms (such as pathogenic bacteria, viruses, pathogenic fungi, and parasites). There are two categories of asepsis: medical and surgical. The modern day notion of asepsis is deri ...

, advocating the use of sterile rubber (

caoutchouc Rubber, also called India rubber, latex, Amazonian rubber, ''caucho'', or ''caoutchouc'', as initially produced, consists of polymers of the organic compound isoprene, with minor impurities of other organic compounds. Types of polyisoprene ...

) gloves during operations. He was known for his preference of lumbar anaesthetics (using

stovaine Amylocaine was the first synthetic local anesthetic. It was synthesized and patented under the name Stovaine by Ernest Fourneau at the Pasteur Institute in 1903. It was used mostly in spinal anesthesia. Synthesis Amylocaine can be synthesized beg ...

) instead of

general anaesthesia General anaesthesia (UK) or general anesthesia (US) is medically induced loss of consciousness that renders a patient unarousable even by painful stimuli. It is achieved through medications, which can be injected or inhaled, often with an analges ...

for most surgical operations.

Medical terms

* Chaput's method: Surgical implantation of the

ureter The ureters are tubes composed of smooth muscle that transport urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. In an adult human, the ureters typically measure 20 to 30 centimeters in length and about 3 to 4 millimeters in diameter. They are lin ...

into the

intestine The gastrointestinal tract (GI tract, digestive tract, alimentary canal) is the tract or passageway of the digestive system that leads from the mouth to the anus. The tract is the largest of the body's systems, after the cardiovascular system. T ...

. * Tillaux-Chaput fracture: A fracture of the posterolateral tibial

epiphysis An epiphysis (; : epiphyses) is one of the rounded ends or tips of a long bone that ossify from one or more secondary centers of ossification. Between the epiphysis and diaphysis (the long midsection of the long bone) lies the metaphysis, inc ...

. Prior to Chaput's description,

Paul Jules Tillaux Paul Jules Tillaux (8 December 1834 – 20 October 1904) was a French physician who was a native of Aunay-sur-Odon, département Calvados (department), Calvados. Tillaux was a surgeon and professor of surgery in Paris, and in 1879 became a membe ...

described a similar fracture involving the anteriolateral tibia (1892).

Written works

In 1898 he published a collection of Octave Terrillon's works titled "''Oeuvres''" (2 volumes). Other written efforts by Chaput include: * ''Étude expérimentale et clinique sur le mécanisme des fractures de la rotule'', 1888 – Experimental and clinical study on fractures of the

kneecap The patella (: patellae or patellas), also known as the kneecap, is a flat, rounded triangular bone which articulates with the femur (thigh bone) and covers and protects the anterior articular surface of the knee joint. The patella is found in m ...

mechanism. * ''Technique et indications des opérations sur l'intestin, l'estomac et les voies biliaires'', 1893 – Techniques and indications of operations involving the intestine, stomach and

bile ducts A bile duct is any of a number of long tube-like structures that carry bile, and is present in most vertebrates. The bile duct is separated into three main parts: the fundus (superior), the body (middle), and the neck (inferior). Bile is requ ...

. * ''De l'Abouchement des uretères dans l'intestin'', 1894 – Anastomosis of the

s into the intestine. * ''Thérapeutique chirurgicale des affections de l'intestin, du rectum et péritoine'', 1896 – Surgical therapy for disorders of the intestine,

rectum The rectum (: rectums or recta) is the final straight portion of the large intestine in humans and some other mammals, and the gut in others. Before expulsion through the anus or cloaca, the rectum stores the feces temporarily. The adult ...

and

peritoneum The peritoneum is the serous membrane forming the lining of the abdominal cavity or coelom in amniotes and some invertebrates, such as annelids. It covers most of the intra-abdominal (or coelomic) organs, and is composed of a layer of mesotheli ...

. * ''Asepsie et antisepsie chirurgicales'', 1893 (with Octave Terrillon) – Surgical asepsis and antisepsis. * ''Les fractures malléolaires du cou-de-pied et les accidents du travail'', 1907 – Malleolar fractures of the instep and work-related accidents.Most widely held works by Henri Chaput
OCLC WorldCat

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chaput, Henri 1857 births 1919 deaths People from Tonnerre, Yonne French surgeons