''Halegrapha'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

lichen A lichen ( , ) is a hybrid colony (biology), colony of algae or cyanobacteria living symbiotically among hypha, filaments of multiple fungus species, along with yeasts and bacteria embedded in the cortex or "skin", in a mutualism (biology), m ...

-forming

fungi A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one ...

in the family

Graphidaceae The Graphidaceae are a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Graphidales. The family contains nearly a hundred genera and more than 2000 species. Although the family has a cosmopolitan distribution, most Graphidaceae species occur in tropic ...

. It has nine species. The genus was

circumscribed In geometry, a circumscribed circle for a set of points is a circle passing through each of them. Such a circle is said to ''circumscribe'' the points or a polygon formed from them; such a polygon is said to be ''inscribed'' in the circle. * Circum ...

in 2011 by Eimy Rivas Plata and

Robert Lücking Robert Lücking (born 1964) is a German lichenologist, known for his extensive research on foliicolous lichens (lichens that live on leaves) and his significant contributions to the taxonomy, ecology, and biodiversity of fungi and lichens. He e ...

, with '' Halegrapha chimaera'' assigned as the

type species In International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature, zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the spe ...

. The generic name honors American lichenologist

Mason Hale Mason Ellsworth Hale, Jr. (September 23, 1929 – April 23, 1990) was one of the most prolific American lichenologists of the 20th century. Many of his scholarly articles focused on the taxonomy of the family Parmeliaceae. Hale was one of the fi ...

. ''Halegrapha'' species generally resemble those in the

script lichen A script lichen, or graphid lichen, is a member of a group of lichens which have spore producing structures that look like writing on the lichen body. The structures are elongated and narrow apothecia called lirellae, which look like short scribbl ...

genus '' Graphis'', but are distinguished by having a

hymenium The hymenium is the tissue layer on the hymenophore of a fungal fruiting body where the cells develop into basidia or asci, which produce spores. In some species all of the cells of the hymenium develop into basidia or asci, while in oth ...

and

ascospore In fungi, an ascospore is the sexual spore formed inside an ascus—the sac-like cell that defines the division Ascomycota, the largest and most diverse Division (botany), division of fungi. After two parental cell nucleus, nuclei fuse, the ascu ...

s similar to those of genus ''

Phaeographis ''Phaeographis'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae. It has an estimated 180 species. Taxonomy The genus ''Phaeographis'' was circumscribed by the Swiss lichenologist Johannes Müller Argoviensis in 1882. However, its ...

''.

Species

*'' Halegrapha chimaera'' – Philippines *''

Halegrapha floridana ''Halegrapha'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae. It has nine species. The genus was circumscribed in 2011 by Eimy Rivas Plata and Robert Lücking, with '' Halegrapha chimaera'' assigned as the type species. The generi ...

'' –

Florida Florida ( ; ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders the Gulf of Mexico to the west, Alabama to the northwest, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the north, the Atlantic ...

*'' Halegrapha intergrapha'' – Malaysia *''

Halegrapha kenyana ''Halegrapha'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae. It has nine species. The genus was circumscription (taxonomy), circumscribed in 2011 by Eimy Rivas Plata and Robert Lücking, with ''Halegrapha chimaera'' assigned as t ...

'' – Kenya *''

Halegrapha masoniana ''Halegrapha masoniana'' is a species of corticolous lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Sri Lanka, it was formally described as a new species in 2014 by lichenologists Gothamie Weerakoon, Robert Lücking, and Helge Thorsten Lumbsch. The ...

'' – Sri Lanka *''

Halegrapha mexicana ''Halegrapha'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae. It has nine species. The genus was circumscribed in 2011 by Eimy Rivas Plata and Robert Lücking, with '' Halegrapha chimaera'' assigned as the type species. The generi ...

'' – Mexico *''

Halegrapha mucronata ''Halegrapha'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae. It has nine species. The genus was circumscribed in 2011 by Eimy Rivas Plata and Robert Lücking, with '' Halegrapha chimaera'' assigned as the type species. The generi ...

'' – Australia *''

Halegrapha paulseniana ''Halegrapha'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae. It has nine species. The genus was circumscribed in 2011 by Eimy Rivas Plata and Robert Lücking, with '' Halegrapha chimaera'' assigned as the type species. The generi ...

'' –

Hawaii Hawaii ( ; ) is an island U.S. state, state of the United States, in the Pacific Ocean about southwest of the U.S. mainland. One of the two Non-contiguous United States, non-contiguous U.S. states (along with Alaska), it is the only sta ...

*''

Halegrapha yakushimensis ''Halegrapha'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae. It has nine species. The genus was circumscribed in 2011 by Eimy Rivas Plata and Robert Lücking, with '' Halegrapha chimaera'' assigned as the type species. The generi ...

'' – Japan

References

Graphidaceae Graphidales genera Lichen genera Taxa described in 2011 Taxa named by Robert Lücking {{Lecanoromycetes-stub