''Halegrapha'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

of lichen-forming

fungi A fungus (plural, : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of Eukaryote, eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and Mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified ...

in the family

Graphidaceae The Graphidaceae are a family of lichens in the order Ostropales. Distribution and ecology The vast majority of Graphidaceae species are restricted to the tropics. Most Graphidaceae species are epiphytic (i.e. they grow only on plants). Gene ...

. It has nine species. The genus was

circumscribed In geometry, the circumscribed circle or circumcircle of a polygon is a circle that passes through all the vertices of the polygon. The center of this circle is called the circumcenter and its radius is called the circumradius. Not every po ...

in 2011 by Eimy Rivas Plata and

Robert Lücking Robert Lücking (born 1964) is a German lichenologist. He is a leading expert on foliicolous lichens–lichens that live on leaves. Life and career Born in Ulm in 1964, Lücking earned both his master's (1990) and PhD degree (1994) at the Univer ...

, with ''

Halegrapha chimaera ''Halegrapha'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae. It has nine species. The genus was circumscribed in 2011 by Eimy Rivas Plata and Robert Lücking, with '' Halegrapha chimaera'' assigned as the type species. The gener ...

'' assigned as the

type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen( ...

. The generic name honors American lichenologist

Mason Hale Mason Ellsworth Hale, Jr. (September 23, 1929 – April 23, 1990) was one of the most prolific lichenologists of the 20th century. Many of his scholarly articles focused on the taxonomy of the family Parmeliaceae. Hale was one of the first lic ...

. ''Halegrapha'' species generally resemble those in the

script lichen A script lichen, or graphid lichen, is a member of a group of lichens which have spore producing structures that look like writing on the lichen body. The structures are elongated and narrow apothecia called lirellae, which look like short scribble ...

genus ''

Graphis Graphis may refer to: * ''Graphis'' (lichen), a genus in the family Graphidaceae * ''Graphis'' (gastropod), a genus of sea snails in the family Cimidae *Graphis Inc. ''Graphis, Inc.'' is an international publisher of books and awards for the ...

'', but are distinguished by having a

hymenium The hymenium is the tissue layer on the hymenophore of a fungal fruiting body where the cells develop into basidia or asci, which produce spores. In some species all of the cells of the hymenium develop into basidia or asci, while in others som ...

and

ascospore An ascus (; ) is the sexual spore-bearing cell produced in ascomycete fungi. Each ascus usually contains eight ascospores (or octad), produced by meiosis followed, in most species, by a mitotic cell division. However, asci in some genera o ...

s similar to those of genus ''

Phaeographis ''Phaeographis'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae. It has an estimated 180 species. Species *''Phaeographis amazonica'' *''Phaeographis asteroides'' *''Phaeographis atromaculata'' *'' Phaeographis australiensi ...

''.

Species

*''

'' – Philippines *''

Halegrapha floridana ''Halegrapha'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae. It has nine species. The genus was circumscribed in 2011 by Eimy Rivas Plata and Robert Lücking, with ''Halegrapha chimaera'' assigned as the type species. The generi ...

'' –

Florida Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, a ...

*''

Halegrapha intergrapha ''Halegrapha'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae. It has nine species. The genus was circumscription (taxonomy), circumscribed in 2011 by Eimy Rivas Plata and Robert Lücking, with ''Halegrapha chimaera'' assigned as t ...

'' – Malaysia *''

Halegrapha kenyana ''Halegrapha'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae. It has nine species. The genus was circumscribed in 2011 by Eimy Rivas Plata and Robert Lücking, with ''Halegrapha chimaera'' assigned as the type species. The generi ...

'' – Kenya *''

Halegrapha masoniana ''Halegrapha masoniana'' is a species of corticolous lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Sri Lanka, it was formally described as a new species in 2014 by lichenologists Gothamie Weerakoon, Robert Lücking, and Helge Thorsten Lumbsch. The ...

'' – Sri Lanka *''

Halegrapha mexicana ''Halegrapha'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae. It has nine species. The genus was circumscribed in 2011 by Eimy Rivas Plata and Robert Lücking, with ''Halegrapha chimaera'' assigned as the type species. The generi ...

'' – Mexico *''

Halegrapha mucronata ''Halegrapha'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae. It has nine species. The genus was circumscribed in 2011 by Eimy Rivas Plata and Robert Lücking, with ''Halegrapha chimaera'' assigned as the type species. The generi ...

'' – Australia *''

Halegrapha paulseniana ''Halegrapha'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae. It has nine species. The genus was circumscribed in 2011 by Eimy Rivas Plata and Robert Lücking, with ''Halegrapha chimaera'' assigned as the type species. The generi ...

'' –

Hawaii Hawaii ( ; haw, Hawaii or ) is a state in the Western United States, located in the Pacific Ocean about from the U.S. mainland. It is the only U.S. state outside North America, the only state that is an archipelago, and the only ...

*''

Halegrapha yakushimensis ''Halegrapha'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae. It has nine species. The genus was circumscribed in 2011 by Eimy Rivas Plata and Robert Lücking, with '' Halegrapha chimaera'' assigned as the type species. The gener ...

'' – Japan

References

Graphidaceae Graphidales genera Lichen genera Taxa described in 2011 Taxa named by Robert Lücking {{Lecanoromycetes-stub