Mir Ghulam Rasool Nazki (16 March 1910 16 April 1998
), also spelled Meer Ghulam Rasul Naazki, was a
Kashmiri Kashmiri may refer to:
* People or things related to the Kashmir Valley or the broader region of Kashmir
* Kashmiris, an ethnic group native to the Kashmir Valley
* Kashmiri language, their language
People with the name
* Kashmiri Saikia Barua ...
poet, writer, broadcaster, and teacher. He wrote books, including poetry in
regional and foreign languages such as Urdu,
Persian, Arabic and later work in
Kashmiri language. The receipent of
Sahitya Akademi Award for ''Awaz-e-dost'', a Kashmiri poetry, he is also credited as the "first Kashmiri writer" to write in
Ruplic of India after independence,
and the first poet to resuscitate
quatrain
A quatrain is a type of stanza, or a complete poem, consisting of four lines.
Existing in a variety of forms, the quatrain appears in poems from the poetic traditions of various ancient civilizations including Persia, Ancient India, Ancient Greec ...
poetic form in
Kashmiri literature, which originally began during the period of thirteen and fourteenth century poets such as
Lal Ded
Lalleshwari, also known locally as Lal Ded (; 1320–1392), was a Kashmiri mystic of the Kashmir Shaivism school of Hindu philosophy. She was the creator of the style of mystic poetry called vatsun or ''Vakhs'', literally "speech" (from Sans ...
and
Nund Reshi
Nund Rishi ( c. 1377 – c. 1438 AD; sometimes spelled Nund Reshi), also known as Sheikh Noor-ud-Din Noorani, Sheikh-Ul-Alam (spritual guide of the world) and by the title Alamdar-e-Kashmir ("Flag Bearer of Kashmir"), was a Kashmiri Sufi saint ...
.
He wrote poetry on various subjects and in poetic genres such as
rubaʿi,
spiritualism,
moral philosophy
Ethics or moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that "involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong behavior".''Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy'' The field of ethics, along with aesthetics, concerns ma ...
,
gazal
The ''ghazal'' ( ar, غَزَل, bn, গজল, Hindi-Urdu: /, fa, غزل, az, qəzəl, tr, gazel, tm, gazal, uz, gʻazal, gu, ગઝલ) is a form of amatory poem or ode, originating in Arabic poetry. A ghazal may be understood as a ...
s,
esthetics and in
satirical
Satire is a genre of the visual, literary, and performing arts, usually in the form of fiction and less frequently non-fiction, in which vices, follies, abuses, and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, often with the intent of shaming or e ...
genre.
Early life and education
He was born to Mir Ghulam Mustafa on 16 March 1910 in a
spiritualism family. He received his initial schooling from his father Mir Ghulam Mustafa. At early age, he completed
traditional education in
religious texts, Persian and in Arabic, and later completed his
intermediate schooling from a school at
Bandipore
Bandipore () or Bandipora is the headquarters of district of Bandipore in the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India. It is located on the northern banks of Wullar Lake—the second-largest freshwater lake in Asia. Bandipora has a ter ...
. He later did his
matriculation from the
Islamia College of Science and Commerce, Srinagar
The Islamia College of Science and Commerce, Srinagar (commonly referred to as Islamia College or ICSC) is a University Grants Commission Autonomous College, and accredited as A grade by National Assessment and Accreditation Council, in the st ...
.
After completing his education, he was appointed as a language teacher at a
primary school in
Kupwara district when he was sixteen. After serving in
education department
An education ministry is a national or subnational government agency politically responsible for education. Various other names are commonly used to identify such agencies, such as Ministry of Education, Department of Education, and Ministry of Pub ...
, he joined
Radio Kashmir Jammu in 1948 as an announcer, and later joined the
All India Radio until he retired from radio broadcasting service in 1966.
Literary career
He began writing around 1928 while serving as a teacher at Kupwara district. The first Urdu classical poetry he came across was ''
Aab-e hayat'' by
Muhammad Husain Azad
Muhammad Husain Azad ( ur, — ; 5 May 1830 – 22 January 1910) was a scholar and an Urdu writer who wrote both prose and poetry, but he is mostly remembered for his prose. His best known work is Aab-e-Hayat ("Elixir of Life"). , and later he started writing
verse
Verse may refer to:
Poetry
* Verse, an occasional synonym for poetry
* Verse, a metrical structure, a stanza
* Blank verse, a type of poetry having regular meter but no rhyme
* Free verse, a type of poetry written without the use of strict me ...
poetic compositions in Urdu language which was first published in Urdu magazines such as ''
Kaleem'' and ''
Adb-e-Lateef'',
1930s literary magazines edited by
Josh Malihabadi and other literary figures of that time. His poetry titled ''Ekand Hilad Kiki Dua'' is recognized one of the prominent writings in
Jammu and Kashmir Jammu and Kashmir may refer to:
* Kashmir, the northernmost geographical region of the Indian subcontinent
* Jammu and Kashmir (union territory), a region administered by India as a union territory
* Jammu and Kashmir (state), a region administered ...
.
He wrote his first volume of
Urdu poetry titled ''Deedai Tar'' in 1948, leading him to become the first writer of Kashmir to write after independence. He later wrote ''Chirageraah'' and ''Mataifaqeer'' Urdu poetries. He also wrote a book on Gani Kashmiri's verses and a
monograph
A monograph is a specialist work of writing (in contrast to reference works) or exhibition on a single subject or an aspect of a subject, often by a single author or artist, and usually on a scholarly subject.
In library cataloging, ''monograph ...
on
Dinanath Nadim
Dinanath Kaul "Nadim" (1916–1988) was a prominent Kashmiri poet of the 20th century. He was born on 18 March 1916 in Srinagar city and with him began an era of modern Kashmiri poetry. He also virtually led the progressive writers movement in ...
, 9th century's Kashmiri poet. In the later years, he wrote poetry in Kashmiri language, including ''Nimrudnama'', ''Awaze Dost'' and ''Kaweyenewol''.
Awards and accordion
In 1987, he became the receipent of
Sahitya Akademi Award, a literary honour in India, for his poetry titled ''Awaz-e-dost''. He, according to
Mohammad Yousuf Taing was referred to as "Jamiulkamalat".
Death
Nazki was suffering from
colorectal cancer
Colorectal cancer (CRC), also known as bowel cancer, colon cancer, or rectal cancer, is the development of cancer from the colon or rectum (parts of the large intestine). Signs and symptoms may include blood in the stool, a change in bowel m ...
, and was asked to for medical treatment.
He refused to treat his disease and died on 16 April 1998 in
Srinagar
Srinagar (English: , ) is the largest city and the summer capital of Jammu and Kashmir, India. It lies in the Kashmir Valley on the banks of the Jhelum River, a tributary of the Indus, and Dal and Anchar lakes. The city is known for its natu ...
, Jammu and Kashmir. He is buried near
Kathi Darwaza.
References
Notes
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nazki, Ghulam Rasool
1910 births
1998 deaths
Kashmiri poets
Poets from Jammu and Kashmir
Urdu-language poets from India
Persian-language poets
Arabic-language poets
Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Kashmiri