Gadiformes are an order of

ray-finned fish Actinopterygii (; ), members of which are known as ray-finned fishes, is a class of bony fish. They comprise over 50% of living vertebrate species. The ray-finned fishes are so called because their fins are webs of skin supported by bony or h ...

, also called the Anacanthini, that includes the cod. Many major food fish are in this order. They are found in marine waters throughout the world and the vast majority of the species are found in

temperate In geography, the temperate climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes (23.5° to 66.5° N/S of Equator), which span between the tropics and the polar regions of Earth. These zones generally have wider temperature ranges throughout t ...

or colder regions (tropical species are typically deep-water). A few species may enter

estuaries An estuary is a partially enclosed coastal body of brackish water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open sea. Estuaries form a transition zone between river environments and maritime environme ...

but only one, the

burbot The burbot (''Lota lota'') is the only gadiformes, gadiform (cod-like) freshwater fish. It is also known as bubbot, mariah, loche, cusk, freshwater cod, freshwater ling, freshwater cusk, the lawyer, coney-fish, lingcod, and eelpout. The species ...

(''Lota lota''), is a freshwater fish. Common characteristics include the positioning of the

pelvic fin Pelvic fins or ventral fins are paired fins located on the ventral surface of fish. The paired pelvic fins are homologous to the hindlimbs of tetrapods. Structure and function Structure In actinopterygians, the pelvic fin consists of two e ...

s (if present), below or in front of the

pectoral fin Fins are distinctive anatomical features composed of bony spines or rays protruding from the body of a fish. They are covered with skin and joined together either in a webbed fashion, as seen in most bony fish, or similar to a flipper, as ...

s. Gadiformes are physoclists, which means their

swim bladder The swim bladder, gas bladder, fish maw, or air bladder is an internal gas-filled organ that contributes to the ability of many bony fish (but not cartilaginous fish) to control their buoyancy, and thus to stay at their current water depth w ...

s do not have a pneumatic duct. The fins are spineless. Gadiform fish range in size from the codlets, which may be as small as in adult length, to the

Atlantic cod The Atlantic cod (''Gadus morhua'') is a benthopelagic fish of the family Gadidae, widely consumed by humans. It is also commercially known as cod or codling.Early Early may refer to: History * The beginning or oldest part of a defined historical period, as opposed to middle or late periods, e.g.: ** Early Christianity ** Early modern Europe Places in the United States * Early, Iowa * Early, Texas * Early ...

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Pl. PL, P.L., Pl, or .pl may refer to: Businesses and organizations Government and political * Partit Laburista, a Maltese political party * Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006), a Brazilian political party * Liberal Party (Moldova), a Moldovan political p ...

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Cretaceous The Cretaceous ( ) is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (Mya). It is the third and final period of the Mesozoic Era, as well as the longest. At around 79 million years, it is the longest geological period of ...

from: -65.5 till: -23.03 color:paleogene text:

Paleogene The Paleogene ( ; also spelled Palaeogene or Palæogene; informally Lower Tertiary or Early Tertiary) is a geologic period and system that spans 43 million years from the end of the Cretaceous Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of ...

from: -23.03 till: -2.588 color:neogene text:

Neogene The Neogene ( ), informally Upper Tertiary or Late Tertiary, is a geologic period and system that spans 20.45 million years from the end of the Paleogene Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the present Quaternary Period Mya. ...

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Rankinian ''Rankinian'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived from the Santonian to the Campanian. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish References

Late Cretaceous fish {{paleo-bony-fish-stub ...

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Paratichthys ''Paratichthys'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organizations ...

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Rhinocephalus ''Rhinocephalus'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organization ...

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Trichurides ''Trichurides'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organizations ...

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Palaeogadus ''Palaeogadus'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish. Ecology: nektonic carnivore Environments: marine (4 collections), (1), coastal (1), estuary/bay (1) Age range: 61.7 to 11.608 Ma Distribution: • Miocene of Azerbaijan (1 collect ...

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Nezumia ''Nezumia'' is a genus of rattails. The generic name derives from the Japanese 鼠 (''nezumi''), meaning " mouse". Species There are currently 53 recognized species in this genus: * '' Nezumia aequalis'' ( Günther, 1878) (Common Atlantic grena ...

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Melanonus ''Melanonus'' is a genus of gadiform fishes containing just two species of cod-like marine fishes. This is the only genus in the family Melanonidae. Both species are small fish, no more than in length, and are black in colour. They live in the ...

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Bregmaceros Codlets are a family, Bregmacerotidae, of cod-like fishes, containing the single genus ''Bregmaceros'' found in tropical and subtropical waters throughout the world. They are very small fishes and even the largest, ''B. lanceolatus'', reaches onl ...

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Macruronus ''Macruronus'' is a genus of merluccid hakes. Most are found in southern oceans off Argentina, Chile, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand, but ''M. maderensis'' (which is in need of taxonomic review) is only known from Madeira. Members of thi ...

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Bathygadus ''Bathygadus'' is a genus of rattails of the family Bathygadidae. Species There are currently 13 recognized species in this genus: * '' Bathygadus antrodes'' (Jordan & Starks, 1904) * '' Bathygadus bowersi'' (Gilbert, 1905) * '' Bathygadus cot ...

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Phycis ''Phycis'' is a genus of phycid hakes from the North Atlantic, including the Mediterranean Sea. Species There are currently three recognized species in this genus: * '' Phycis blennoides'' ( Brünnich, 1768) (Greater forkbeard) * '' Phycis chest ...

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Lota Lota may refer to: Places *Lota (crater), a crater on Mars *Lota, Chile, a city and commune in Chile *Lota, Punjab, village in Pakistan *Lota, Queensland, a suburb of Brisbane, Australia **Lota railway station, a station on the Cleveland line **Lo ...

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Hymenocephalus ''Hymenocephalus'' is the scientific name of two genera of organisms and may refer to: * ''Hymenocephalus'' (fish), a genus of fishes in the family Macrouridae * ''Hymenocephalus'' (plant), a genus of plants in the family Asteraceae {{Genus ...

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Pseudoraniceps ''Pseudoraniceps'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organ ...

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Palaeomolva ''Palaeomolva'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organizations ...

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Micromesistius ''Micromesistius'', the blue whitings, is a genus of cods. Species The two currently recognized species in this genus are: * ''Micromesistius australis'' Norman, 1937 (southern blue whiting) * ''Micromesistius poutassou'' ( A. Risso, 1827) (blue ...

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Coryphaenoides ''Coryphaenoides'' is a genus of rattails which is found in all oceans of the world. They are found in deep waters and ''C. yaquinae'', recorded to , is the only member in the family known from the hadal zone. The generic name means "similar to ...

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Bregmacerinia ''Bregmacerina'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine Actinopterygii, ray-finned fish, most likely a codlet, that lived during the early part of the Miocene epoch. It contains a single species, ''B. antiqua'', from the Burdigalian Sakaraul Ho ...

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Trichiurichthys ''Trichiurichthys'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Org ...

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Ventrifossa ''Ventrifossa'' is a genus of rattails in the family Macrouridae. Species There are currently 23 recognized species in this genus * '' Ventrifossa atherodon'' ( C. H. Gilbert & Cramer, 1897) (Arrowtooth grenadier) * '' Ventrifossa ctenomelas'' ( ...

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Merlangius ''Merlangius merlangus'', commonly known as Whiting or merling, is an important food fish in the eastern North Atlantic Ocean and the northern Mediterranean, western Baltic, and Black Sea. In Anglophonic countries outside the Whiting's natural ...

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Lepidion ''Lepidion'' is a genus of morid cod The Moridae are a family of cod-like fishes, known as codlings, hakelings, and moras. Morids are marine fishes found throughout the world, and may be found at depths to , although most prefer shallower wat ...

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Laemonema ''Laemonema'' is a genus of morid cods. Species The 17 currently recognized species in this genus are: * ''Laemonema barbatulum'' Goode & T. H. Bean, 1883 (shortbeard codling) * '' Laemonema compressicauda'' ( Gilchrist, 1903) * '' Laemonema fi ...

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Eclipes ''Eclipes'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived during the Upper Miocene subepoch. References

Miocene fish Fossils of the United States {{paleo-bony-fish-stub ...

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Gadomus ''Gadomus'' is a genus of rattails in the family Bathygadidae. Species The 13 currently recognized species in this genus are: * '' Gadomus aoteanus'' McCann & McKnight, 1980 (filamentous rattail) * '' Gadomus arcuatus'' (Goode & T. H. Bean, 18 ...

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Gadella ''Gadella'' is a genus of morid cod. The species in this genus are characterised by the absence of a chin barbell, an anterior dorsal fin with 7-11 rays, a long based anal fin which has a straight profile, the outermost rays of the pelvic fin are ...

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Pollachius Pollock or pollack (pronounced ) is the common name used for either of the two species of North Atlantic marine fish in the genus ''Pollachius''. '' Pollachius pollachius'' is referred to as pollock in North America, Ireland and the United ...

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Early Early may refer to: History * The beginning or oldest part of a defined historical period, as opposed to middle or late periods, e.g.: ** Early Christianity ** Early modern Europe Places in the United States * Early, Iowa * Early, Texas * Early ...

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References

{{Authority control Taxa named by Edwin Stephen Goodrich Ray-finned fish orders