The GRAM domain is found in
glucosyltransferase
Glucosyltransferases are a type of glycosyltransferase that enable the transfer of glucose.
Examples include:
* glycogen synthase
* glycogen phosphorylase
Glycogen phosphorylase is one of the phosphorylase enzymes (). Glycogen phosphorylase c ...
s,
myotubularin
Myotubularin domain represents a region within eukaryotic myotubularin-related proteins that is sometimes found with the GRAM domain. Myotubularin is a dual-specific lipid phosphatase that dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and ...
s and other membrane-associated proteins.
The structure of the GRAM domain is similar to that found in
PH domains.
Proteins containing GRAM domains are found in all
eukaryotes
The eukaryotes ( ) constitute the domain of Eukaryota or Eukarya, organisms whose cells have a membrane-bound nucleus. All animals, plants, fungi, seaweeds, and many unicellular organisms are eukaryotes. They constitute a major group of ...
and
bacteria
Bacteria (; : bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one Cell (biology), biological cell. They constitute a large domain (biology), domain of Prokaryote, prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micr ...
, but not
archaea
Archaea ( ) is a Domain (biology), domain of organisms. Traditionally, Archaea only included its Prokaryote, prokaryotic members, but this has since been found to be paraphyletic, as eukaryotes are known to have evolved from archaea. Even thou ...
.
Various GRAM domains can bind proteins or lipids.
Human proteins containing this domain
GRAMD1A;
GRAMD1B;
GRAMD1C;
GRAMD2A;
GRAMD2B;
GRAMD4;
MTM1
Myotubularin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MTM1'' gene.
This gene is a member of a gene family that encodes lipid phosphatases. Myotubularin is required for muscle cell differentiation and mutations in this gene have been ident ...
;
MTMR1
Myotubularin-related protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MTMR1'' gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA t ...
;
MTMR2
Myotubularin-related protein 2 also known as phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate 3-phosphatase or phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate phosphatase is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MTMR2 gene
In biology, the word gene has two mean ...
;
NCOA7;
NSMAF;
OXR1;
SBF1
Myotubularin-related protein 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''SBF1'' gene.
Interactions
SBF1 has been shown to interact with MTMR2 and SUV39H1
Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase SUV39H1 is an enzyme that in humans is encod ...
;
SBF2
Myotubularin-related protein 13 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''SBF2'' gene.
The family of myotubularin-related proteins includes lipid phosphatases, such as MTM1 (MIM 600415), and pseudophosphatases, such as SBF1 (MIM 603560) an ...
;
TBC1D8;
TBC1D8B;
TBC1D9;
TBC1D9B;
WBP2;
WBP2NL;
dJ439F8.1;
References
Protein domains
Protein families
Peripheral membrane proteins
{{membrane-protein-stub