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Fyodor Osipovich Schechtel (; – July 7, 1926) was a Russian
architect An architect is a person who plans, designs, and oversees the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to provide services in connection with the design of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the buildings that h ...
, graphic artist and stage designer, the most influential and prolific master of Russian Art Nouveau and late
Russian Revival architecture The Russian Revival style comprises a number of different movements within Russian architecture that arose in the second quarter of the 19th century and was an eclectic melding of Byzantine architecture, Byzantine elements (Neo-Byzantine archite ...
. Baptised as Franz Albert Schechtel (also transliterated as Shekhtel), he created most of his work as Franz Schechtel (Франц Шехтель), changing his name to Fyodor with the outbreak of
World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...
. In two decades of independent practice he completed five theaters, five churches, 39 private residences,
Yaroslavsky Rail Terminal Moscow Yaroslavsky railway station () is one of the nine main railway stations in Moscow. Situated on Komsomolskaya Square (close to the Kazansky and Leningradsky Stations), Moscow Yaroslavskaya has the highest passenger throughput of all ni ...
and various other buildings, primarily in Moscow. Most of his legacy survives to date.


Biography


Early life

Franz Schechtel (Russified as Fyodor Osipovich) was born to a family of
ethnic German Germans (, ) are the natives or inhabitants of Germany, or sometimes more broadly any people who are of German descent or native speakers of the German language. The constitution of Germany, implemented in 1949 following the end of World War ...
engineers in
Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the List of cities and towns in Russia by population, second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the Neva, River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland ...
, the second of five children. His parents were
Volga Germans The Volga Germans (, ; ) are ethnic Germans who settled and historically lived along the Volga River in the region of southeastern European Russia around Saratov and close to Ukraine nearer to the south. Recruited as immigrants to Russia in the ...
of
Saratov Saratov ( , ; , ) is the largest types of inhabited localities in Russia, city and administrative center of Saratov Oblast, Russia, and a major port on the Volga River. Saratov had a population of 901,361, making it the List of cities and tow ...
. His mother, born Daria Karlovna Zhegin, came from a family of Saratov merchants. Schechtel's uncle on his father's side, also named Franz Schechtel, was an established businessman in Saratov. He is credited with building the first theater in Saratov. See als
a photocopy of the Schechtel family tree
The Schechtel family relocated to Saratov in 1865 to assist the ailing Franz Sr. in business. Both brothers, Franz Sr. and Osip, died in 1867. Business debts ruined their families, forcing Daria Karlovna to seek free boarding schools for the children; she relocated to Moscow and worked for
Pavel Tretyakov Pavel Mikhaylovich Tretyakov (; 27 December 1832 – 16 December 1898) was a Russian businessman, patron of art, collector, and philanthropist who gave his name to the Tretyakov Gallery and Tretyakov Drive in Moscow. His brother Sergei Tre ...
. Franz attended a free
Roman Catholic The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2025. It is among the world's oldest and largest international institut ...
seminary A seminary, school of theology, theological college, or divinity school is an educational institution for educating students (sometimes called seminarians) in scripture and theology, generally to prepare them for ordination to serve as cle ...
in Saratov, graduating in 1875. However, he received his high school diploma only in 1880, when he was drafted into the
Russian Imperial Army The Imperial Russian Army () was the army of the Russian Empire, active from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was organized into a standing army and a state militia. The standing army consisted of Regular army, regular troops and ...
(Schechtel was eventually relieved from service).


An emerging artist

In 1875 Schechtel arrived in Moscow and attended architectural classes at the
Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture The Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture (), also known by the acronym MUZHVZ, was one of the largest educational institutions in Russia. The school was formed by the 1865 merger of a private art college, established in Moscow ...
. He was expelled in 1878 for "bad attendance." 19-year-old Franz made his living by assisting architect Alexander Kaminsky (a relative of
Pavel Tretyakov Pavel Mikhaylovich Tretyakov (; 27 December 1832 – 16 December 1898) was a Russian businessman, patron of art, collector, and philanthropist who gave his name to the Tretyakov Gallery and Tretyakov Drive in Moscow. His brother Sergei Tre ...
), in painting
icon An icon () is a religious work of art, most commonly a painting, in the cultures of the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Catholic Church, Catholic, and Lutheranism, Lutheran churches. The most common subjects include Jesus, Mary, mother of ...
s, church
fresco Fresco ( or frescoes) is a technique of mural painting executed upon freshly laid ("wet") lime plaster. Water is used as the vehicle for the dry-powder pigment to merge with the plaster, and with the setting of the plaster, the painting become ...
es and daily illustrations for newspapers and magazines. There he met author and playwright
Anton Chekhov Anton Pavlovich Chekhov (; ; 29 January 1860 – 15 July 1904) was a Russian playwright and short-story writer, widely considered to be one of the greatest writers of all time. His career as a playwright produced four classics, and his b ...
and his brother Nikolay Chekhov. Schechtel illustrated a book for Chekhov in 1886, who then recommended Schechtel to other clients. This experience (as well as the Tretyakov connection) familiarized Franz with Moscow's artistic circles and the wealthy patrons of the arts who would become his future clients, notably the Morozov family of
Old Believers Old Believers or Old Ritualists ( Russian: староверы, ''starovery'' or старообрядцы, ''staroobryadtsy'') is the common term for several religious groups, which maintain the old liturgical and ritual practices of the Russian ...
. Throughout the 1880s, Schechtel completed many theatrical stage designs; most of his graphics from this period have been lost, excluding a small fraction stored at the Bakhrushin Museum in Moscow.


Early architecture

Schechtel obtained a construction management license in 1894. His earlier projects, completed under Kaminsky's management, are sometimes credited to Kaminsky alone. Schechtel's first own, undisputed building - Zinaida Morozova House in Spiridonovka Street, 1893, famous for
Mikhail Vrubel Mikhail Aleksandrovich Vrubel (;  – ) was a Russian painter, draughtsman, and sculptor. A prolific and innovative master in various media such as painting, drawing, decorative sculpture, and theatrical art, Vrubel is generally character ...
artwork - is a mix of
Gothic architecture Gothic architecture is an architectural style that was prevalent in Europe from the late 12th to the 16th century, during the High Middle Ages, High and Late Middle Ages, surviving into the 17th and 18th centuries in some areas. It evolved f ...
and
romanticism Romanticism (also known as the Romantic movement or Romantic era) was an artistic and intellectual movement that originated in Europe towards the end of the 18th century. The purpose of the movement was to advocate for the importance of subjec ...
. In the same year he completed the interior of the Kharitonenko Mansion on Sofiiskaya Naberezhnaya. His style during the 1890s meanders between Gothic and
Russian Revival The Russian Revival style comprises a number of different movements within Russian architecture that arose in the second quarter of the 19th century and was an eclectic melding of Byzantine elements ( Neo-Byzantine architecture in the Russian E ...
. The first sign of a new, mature style (a Russian version of
Art Nouveau Art Nouveau ( ; ; ), Jugendstil and Sezessionstil in German, is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. It was often inspired by natural forms such as the sinuous curves of plants and ...
, ''Russky Modern''), appears in his 1899 Arshinov House in Bolshaya Ordynka Street.


Art Nouveau

Schechtel's turn to Art Nouveau is associated with the 1900 Levenson Printshop in Trekhprudny Lane, in Patriarshy Ponds, a well-to-do neighborhood near Moscow's center. Patriarshy Ponds is still home to many of Schechtel's works, including two of his own residences from 1896 and 1910. Schechtel designed the Printshop to have Gothic trim, but changed his plan midway through construction. His "Popov Tea House" pavilion at the
Exposition Universelle (1900) The Exposition Universelle of 1900 (), better known in English as the 1900 Paris Exposition, was a world's fair held in Paris, France, from 14 April to 12 November 1900, to celebrate the achievements of the past century and to accelerate develop ...
in Paris earned a silver medal, exposing him to international fame
diploma
. At home, he was inducted as a member of the
Imperial Academy of Arts The Imperial Academy of Arts, informally known as the Saint Petersburg Academy of Arts, was an art academy in Saint Petersburg, founded in 1757 by Ivan Shuvalov, the founder of the Imperial Moscow University, under the name ''Academy of th ...
in 1902
photograph of diploma
. 1899-1903 were Schechtel's most productive years. In this period, he designed (in Moscow alone, not including out-of-town commissions): * 1899: Arshinov House (32, Bolshaya Ordynka) and offices (5, Staropansky Lane) * 1900: Lutheran chapel (7, Starosadsky Lane) * 1900: Levenson Printshop (9, Trekhprudny Lane) * 1900: Ryabushinsky Mansion (6, Malaya Nikitskaya Street), now known as the Gorky Museum * 1901: Derozhinskaya Mansion (7, Kropotkinsky Lane) * 1901: "Boyarsky Dvor" hotel and offices (1, Staraya Square
photographs, floorplan
* 1901: Kahn apartment building (35, Malaya Nikitskaya Street) * 1902:
Yaroslavsky Rail Terminal Moscow Yaroslavsky railway station () is one of the nine main railway stations in Moscow. Situated on Komsomolskaya Square (close to the Kazansky and Leningradsky Stations), Moscow Yaroslavskaya has the highest passenger throughput of all ni ...
(completed 1904), the most visible of his Moscow works * 1902: St.Nicholas chapel (Tverskaya-Yamskaya Street) destroyed 1930s * 1900-1903:
Moscow Art Theatre The Moscow Art Theatre (or MAT; , ''Moskovskiy Hudojestvenny Akademicheskiy Teatr'' (МHАТ) was a theatre company in Moscow. It was founded in by the seminal Russian theatre practitioner Konstantin Stanislavski, together with the playwright ...
reconstruction
facade
* 1901-1903: Smirnov House reconstruction (18,
Tverskoy Boulevard Tverskoy Boulevard () is one of the main thoroughfares in central Moscow. It is a part of the Boulevard Ring and begins at the end of the Nikitsky Boulevard, at the crossing with Bolshaya Nikitskaya Street. The boulevard ends at the Pushkin Squ ...
) * 1903: Ryabushinsky Bank (Birzhevaya Square) Unlike his rival Lev Kekushev, Schechtel never committed himself to a single style. His Yaroslavsky Terminal and Ryabushinsky House are distinct, setting two trends of Schechtel's future work: the internationalized, refined Art Nouveau and the last round of Russian Revival before the
Revolution of 1917 The Russian Revolution was a period of Political revolution (Trotskyism), political and social revolution, social change in Russian Empire, Russia, starting in 1917. This period saw Russia Dissolution of the Russian Empire, abolish its mona ...
.


Mature years

In the aftermath of the
Russian Revolution of 1905 The Russian Revolution of 1905, also known as the First Russian Revolution, was a revolution in the Russian Empire which began on 22 January 1905 and led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy under the Russian Constitution of 1906, t ...
the Russian government lifted all limitations on
Old Believers Old Believers or Old Ritualists ( Russian: староверы, ''starovery'' or старообрядцы, ''staroobryadtsy'') is the common term for several religious groups, which maintain the old liturgical and ritual practices of the Russian ...
, and they responded by commissioning churches to be built all over the country. In 1909 Schechtel won an open contest to construct Belokrinitskoe Soglasie church in
Balakovo Balakovo ( rus, Балако́во, p=bəlɐˈkovə) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, city in Saratov Oblast, Russia, located on the East bank of the Volga River about northeast of Saratov, the administrative center of the oblast. ...
, financed by the Balakovo-based Maltsev brothers. By this time, Schechtel (a Roman Catholic) had firmly established himself within the Old Believer community, having done previous projects for the Maltsevs. Schechtel designed an eight-faceted
tented church A tented roof (also known as a pavilion roof) is a type of polygonal hipped roof with steeply pitched slopes rising to a peak. W. Dean EastmanHometown Handbook: Architecture./ref> Tented roofs, a hallmark of medieval religious architecture, we ...
, borrowing elements from the style of the Church of Ascension at
Kolomenskoye Kolomenskoye () is a former royal estate situated several kilometers to the southeast of the city center of Moscow, Russia, on the ancient road leading to the town of Kolomna (hence the name). The 390 hectare scenic area overlooks the steep ...
in Moscow and older architectural traditions of the Russian North. The church, which could accommodate 1,200 worshippers, was completed in 1912, but was later destroyed during the Soviet period. It is now being rebuilt by the
Russian Orthodox Church The Russian Orthodox Church (ROC; ;), also officially known as the Moscow Patriarchate (), is an autocephaly, autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Church, Eastern Orthodox Christian church. It has 194 dioceses inside Russia. The Primate (bishop), p ...
). After 1905, Schechtel was famous for his office buildings, applying Art Nouveau concepts to steel frame structures, notably the 1907 Ryabushinsky Printshop in Putinkovsky Lane
photographs, floorplan
and the 1909 Merchant's Society offices in Cherkassky Lanes

the latter damaged by inadequate replacement of the original windows). Emphasis on the top floor ornamentation, witnessed in the Merchant Society Building, became a key feature in the so-called ''Rationalist Modern'' trend in commercial architectural design. In 1909 Schechtel turned to Neoclassical Revival, building his own (third) residence on the
Garden Ring The Garden Ring, also known as the "B" Ring (; transliteration: ''Sadovoye Koltso''), is a circular ring road avenue around central Moscow, its course corresponding to what used to be the city ramparts surrounding Zemlyanoy Gorod in the 17th ...
in strict
Doric style The Doric order is one of the three orders of ancient Greek and later Roman architecture; the other two canonical orders were the Ionic and the Corinthian. The Doric is most easily recognized by the simple circular capitals at the top of the ...
. He began taking more commissions outside Moscow, notably in
Nizhny Novgorod Nizhny Novgorod ( ; rus, links=no, Нижний Новгород, a=Ru-Nizhny Novgorod.ogg, p=ˈnʲiʐnʲɪj ˈnovɡərət, t=Lower Newtown; colloquially shortened to Nizhny) is a city and the administrative centre of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast an ...
, his hometown of Saratov, and Taganrog, including the neoclassical Chekhov Library in 1914.
Vladimir Lenin Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov ( 187021 January 1924), better known as Vladimir Lenin, was a Russian revolutionary, politician and political theorist. He was the first head of government of Soviet Russia from 1917 until Death and state funeral of ...
's refuge in 1923-1924, the neoclassical
Gorki Leninskiye Gorki Leninskiye (, ) is an urban locality (a work settlement) in Leninsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia, located south of Moscow city limits and the Moscow Ring Road. Its population is: The estate of Gorki belonged to various Muscovite ...
estate (formerly Morozov property), is also Schechtel's design.


Death and legacy

The advent of
World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...
in 1914, which halted practically all new construction for a decade, brought an end to Schechtel's professional career. His last work before the revolution was a wooden
tented church A tented roof (also known as a pavilion roof) is a type of polygonal hipped roof with steeply pitched slopes rising to a peak. W. Dean EastmanHometown Handbook: Architecture./ref> Tented roofs, a hallmark of medieval religious architecture, we ...
in the Moscow suburb of Solomennaya Storozhka, funded by the Tula Militia training camp. Schechtel modelled the church on historical Olonetz area models (excluding the integrated belfry, which was uncommon for Olonetz architecture). The church was closed in the 1930s, neglected and eventually demolished in the 1960s; a wooden replica was built in 1996-1997. Schectel's only post-1917 work, a pavilion at the 1923 All-Russia Agricultural Exhibition, met a similar fate. Shechtel cooperated with various planning and design agencies, continued teaching at Stroganov School of Arts and VKhuTEMAS, and even applied to the 1925 Lenin Mausoleum contest
Schechtel's entry
, but did not build anything anymore. Construction in the USSR, halted by a decade of hostilities, resumed in 1926, the year of Schechtel's death. In 1918, the architect was evicted from his house on Bolshaya Sadovaya and had to live with his daughter, Vera Tonkova (née Schechtel). Of Schechtel's four children, two of them — Vera Tonkova and Lev Zhegin — would become well-known artists. According to several accounts, however, Schechtel died in bitter poverty. He was interred at
Vagankovo Cemetery Vagankovo Cemetery () is located in the Presnensky District of Moscow, Russia. It was established in 1771, in an effort to curb 1770–1772 Russian plague, an outbreak of bubonic plague in Central Russia. The cemetery was one of those created ou ...
. Schechtel's Art Nouveau was despised by Soviet critics as rotten formalism until the
Brezhnev Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev (19 December 190610 November 1982) was a Soviet politician who served as the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1964 until his death in 1982 as well as the fourth chairman of the Presidium ...
period. At the same time, his Neo-Russian structures, such as Yaroslavsky Terminal, which matched the patriotic Soviet rhetoric quite well, were at first tolerated and later praised. Many of his Moscow mansions were leased to foreign embassies, have been well maintained and are still in good order inside and out. His public buildings, including his theaters and the Taganrog Library, also remain close to their original design externally.


Buildings

* 1884: Shchapov Building (58, Baumanskaya Street, Moscow) - assistant to Alexander Kaminsky. First record of Schechtel's architecture. * 1886: Paradise Theater (Bolshaya Nikitskaya, Moscow, now Mayakovsky Theater), with Konstantin Tersky * 1887: (draft) Archangel Michael chapel,
Taganrog Taganrog (, ) is a port city in Rostov Oblast, Russia, on the north shore of Taganrog Bay in the Sea of Azov, several kilometers west of the mouth of the Don (river), Don River. It is in the Black Sea region. Population: Located at the site of a ...
* 1889: Own (first) house (20, Peterburg Highway, Moscow, destroyed 1937) * 1889: Von Dervis estates,
Ryazan Oblast Ryazan Oblast (, ) is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the types of inhabited localities in Russia, city of Ryazan, which is also the oblast's largest city. Geography Ryazan Oblast ...
br>gallery
* 1889: Morozov memorial chapel ( Rogozhskoye Cemetery, Moscow) * 1892: Morozov House (
Kirzhach Kirzhach () is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, town and the administrative center of Kirzhachsky District in Vladimir Oblast, Russia, located on the Kirzhach River in the west of the oblast, west of Vladimir, Russia, Vladimir and ...
) * 1890: Lukalov country estate (Velikoye,
Yaroslavl Oblast Yaroslavl Oblast is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast), which is located in the Central Federal District, surrounded by the Tver Oblast, Tver, Moscow Oblast, Moscow, Ivanovo Oblast, Ivanovo, Vladimir Oblast, Vlad ...

photo
* 1891: Vikula Morozov country estate (Odintsovo-Arkhangeskoye, near Domodedovo) rebuilt and(or) destroye
Gates, 1900s
see also * 1893: Zinaida Morozova House (Spiridonovka Street, Moscow) * 1893 avel KharitonenkoHouse, (Sofiiskaya Naberezhnaya, Moscow) * 1896: Kuznetsov House (43, Prospekt Mira, Moscow) * 1896: Own (second) House (28, Yermolaevsky Lane, Moscow) * 1897: Varvara Morozova memorial chapel (
Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery (, lit. Transfiguration of Jesus, Transfiguration Cemetery) is a cemetery in the eastern part of Moscow long associated with Old Believers. It was inaugurated by a Fedoseevtsy merchant in 1777 as a Pandemic, plague quaran ...
, Moscow) * 1897: (draft) People's House in Sokolniki,
Moscow Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...
br>draft
* 1899: Zakharyin memorial chapel ( Kurkino, now Moscow) * 1899: Arshinov House (32, Bolshaya Ordynka, Moscow) * 1899: Arshinov offices (5, Staropansky Lane, Moscow) * 1900: Lutheran chapel (7, Starosadsky Lane, Moscow) * 1900: Ryabushinsky Mansion (Malaya Nikitskaya Street, Moscow) * 1900: Church of the Saviour,
Ivanovo Ivanovo (, ) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, city in Russia and the administrative center and largest city of Ivanovo Oblast, located northeast of Moscow and approximately from Yaroslavl, Vladimir, Russia, Vladimir and Kostroma. ...
(Byzantine Revival style, completed 1903, destroyed 1937) * 1900: Maltsev House (75, Kommunisticheskaya Street,
Balakovo Balakovo ( rus, Балако́во, p=bəlɐˈkovə) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, city in Saratov Oblast, Russia, located on the East bank of the Volga River about northeast of Saratov, the administrative center of the oblast. ...

www.museum.ru
* 1901: Derozhinskaya Mansion (Kropotkinsky Lane, Moscow, currently Embassy of
Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...
) * 1901: Russian Pavilion at Glasgow Exhibition * 1901: "Boyarsky Dvor" hotel and offices (Staraya Square, Mosco
photographs, floorplan
* 1901: Kahn apartment building (35, Malaya Nikitskaya Street, Moscow) * 1902:
Yaroslavsky Rail Terminal Moscow Yaroslavsky railway station () is one of the nine main railway stations in Moscow. Situated on Komsomolskaya Square (close to the Kazansky and Leningradsky Stations), Moscow Yaroslavskaya has the highest passenger throughput of all ni ...
(completed 1904) * 1902: St. Nicholas chapel (Tverskaya-Yamskaya Street, Moscow) destroyed 1930s * 1900-1903:
Moscow Art Theatre The Moscow Art Theatre (or MAT; , ''Moskovskiy Hudojestvenny Akademicheskiy Teatr'' (МHАТ) was a theatre company in Moscow. It was founded in by the seminal Russian theatre practitioner Konstantin Stanislavski, together with the playwright ...
reconstruction
facade
* 1901-1903: Smirnov House (18,
Tverskoy Boulevard Tverskoy Boulevard () is one of the main thoroughfares in central Moscow. It is a part of the Boulevard Ring and begins at the end of the Nikitsky Boulevard, at the crossing with Bolshaya Nikitskaya Street. The boulevard ends at the Pushkin Squ ...
, reconstruction of earlier structure) * 1903: Ryabushinsky Bank (Birzhevaya Square, Moscow) * 1904: Stroganov School apartment building (24, Myasnitskaya Street, Moscow
photographs, floorplan
* 1904?: Kharitonenko House (12, Sofiyskaya Embankment, Moscow, former Gustav List house, now Embassy of
United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...
) with Vasily Zalessky * 1904?: Anton Chekhov's tomb
Novodevichy Cemetery Novodevichy Cemetery () is a cemetery in Moscow. It lies next to the southern wall of the 16th-century Novodevichy Convent, which is the city's third most popular tourist site. History The cemetery was designed by Ivan Mashkov and inaugurated ...
* 1905: Old Believers' Church house (4, Turchaninov Lane, Moscow) * 1906: Levenson House ("Teremok", 4, Chobotovsky Proezd, Moscow) * 1907: Ryabushinsky Printshop ("Utro Rossii", 3, Bolshoy Putinkovsky Lane, Moscow, completed 1909
photographs, floorplan
* 1907: Patrikeev House (6, Pravoberezhnaya Street, Moscow, now within Hospital No.1) * 1908: Winter Theater (55, Krasnaya Street,
Krasnodar Krasnodar, formerly Yekaterinodar (until 1920), is the largest city and the administrative centre of Krasnodar Krai, Russia. The city stands on the Kuban River in southern Russia, with a population of 1,154,885 residents, and up to 1.263 millio ...
) with Alexander Kozlov * 1909: Merchants' Society offices (2, Maly Cherkassky Lane, Moscow
photograph, floorplans
* 1909: Apartment building (13, Pyatnitskaya, Moscow) * 1909: "Khudozhestvenny" Cinema ( Arbat Square, Moscow) * 1909: Shamshin apartment building (8/13, Znamenka Street, Moscow) * 1909: Zakharyin Hospital ( Kurkino, now Moscow) with
Igor Grabar Igor Emmanuilovich Grabar (, 25 March 1871 – 16 May 1960) was a Russian Post-Impressionist painter, publisher, restorer and historian of art. Grabar, descendant of a wealthy Rusyn family, was trained as a painter by Ilya Repin in Saint Pe ...
* 1909: Stroganov School Store (Rozhdestvenka Street, Moscow) * 1909: Own (third) house (4, Bolshaya Sadovaya Street, Moscow) * 1909: Zinaida Morozova (Zimina) estate, now
Gorki Leninskiye Gorki Leninskiye (, ) is an urban locality (a work settlement) in Leninsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia, located south of Moscow city limits and the Moscow Ring Road. Its population is: The estate of Gorki belonged to various Muscovite ...
, completed 1914 * 1910: (draft) Bank Offices (
Nikolskaya Street Nikolskaya Street () is a pedestrian street in the Kitay-Gorod of Moscow. It connects Red Square and Lubyanka Square. In 1935, it was renamed from ''Nikolskaya Street'' to ''Street of the 25th of October'' before its original name was restored ...
, Moscow) * 1911: Chekhov Library, Taganrog
draft Draft, the draft, or draught may refer to: Watercraft dimensions * Draft (hull), the distance from waterline to keel of a vessel * Draft (sail), degree of curvature in a sail * Air draft, distance from waterline to the highest point on a v ...
, completed 1914 * 1911: Rukavishnikov House (39, Bolshaya Pokrovskaya Street,
Nizhny Novgorod Nizhny Novgorod ( ; rus, links=no, Нижний Новгород, a=Ru-Nizhny Novgorod.ogg, p=ˈnʲiʐnʲɪj ˈnovɡərət, t=Lower Newtown; colloquially shortened to Nizhny) is a city and the administrative centre of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast an ...
, later a concert hall
1980s photo
* 1912: Sharonov Mansion (80, Frunze Street, Taganrog) * 1911: Reyneke House (22, Sobornaya,
Saratov Saratov ( , ; , ) is the largest types of inhabited localities in Russia, city and administrative center of Saratov Oblast, Russia, and a major port on the Volga River. Saratov had a population of 901,361, making it the List of cities and tow ...
) * 1913: Rukavishnikov Bank (23, Rozhdestvenskaya,
Nizhny Novgorod Nizhny Novgorod ( ; rus, links=no, Нижний Новгород, a=Ru-Nizhny Novgorod.ogg, p=ˈnʲiʐnʲɪj ˈnovɡərət, t=Lower Newtown; colloquially shortened to Nizhny) is a city and the administrative centre of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast an ...

1980s photo: Embankment facade
* 1913: Mindovskaya House (9, Vspolny Lane, Moscow) * 1913?: Suroshnikov House (
Samara Samara, formerly known as Kuybyshev (1935–1991), is the largest city and administrative centre of Samara Oblast in Russia. The city is located at the confluence of the Volga and the Samara (Volga), Samara rivers, with a population of over 1.14 ...

photo
* 1914: Erlanger crypt (Vvedenskoye cemetery, Moscow) * 1914: (draft) Museum in
Nizhny Novgorod Nizhny Novgorod ( ; rus, links=no, Нижний Новгород, a=Ru-Nizhny Novgorod.ogg, p=ˈnʲiʐnʲɪj ˈnovɡərət, t=Lower Newtown; colloquially shortened to Nizhny) is a city and the administrative centre of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast an ...
br>draft
* 1916: St.Nicholas Church of Tula Druzhina (Solomennaya Storozhka, Moscow, destroyed 1960
exterior
The wooden tented church was rebuilt in 1996-1997

* 1923: Turkestan Pavilion, All-Russian Exhibition in Moscow * 1925: (draft) Lenin Mausoleu
www.utopia.ru


See also

* William Craft Brumfield. ''The Origins of Modernism in Russian Architecture'' (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991) * William C. Brumfield, "Fedor Shekhtel: Aesthetic Idealism in Modernist Architecture", 199
www.cdlib.org


References

* This article started as an abridged translation of :ru:Шехтель, Фёдор Осипович, itself based on materials fro
mosmodern.race.ru
Some material was rearranged as in V.G.Vlasov's "Lexicon of Fine Arts".Russian: Власов В.Г. Большой энциклопедический словарь изобразительного искусства, СПБ, 2000, online a

/ref> Contradicting, unreferenced statements were omitted. Dates, wherever possible, are referenced to drafts, not completion, as in "Architectural monuments of Moscow" ("Памятники архитектуры Москвы") academic edition. {{DEFAULTSORT:Schechtel, Fyodor 1859 births 1926 deaths Artists from Saratov Art Nouveau architects 19th-century Russian illustrators 20th-century Russian illustrators Russian magazine illustrators Ethnic German people from the Russian Empire Architects from Moscow Academic staff of Vkhutemas Burials at Vagankovo Cemetery Deaths from stomach cancer Deaths from cancer in the Soviet Union Recipients of the Order of Saint Stanislaus (House of Romanov) Recipients of the Order of St. Anna Volga German people Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture alumni Academic staff of Stroganov Moscow State Academy of Arts and Industry