Frederiksberg () is a part of the

Capital Region of Denmark The Capital Region of Denmark (, ) is the easternmost administrative region of Denmark, and contains Copenhagen, the national capital. The Capital Region has 29 municipalities and a regional council consisting of 41 elected members. As of 1 ...

. It is an independent municipality,

Frederiksberg Municipality Frederiksberg Kommune is a municipality ( Danish, '' kommune'') on the island of Zealand (''Sjælland'') in Denmark. Part of the Capital Region of Denmark and the city of Copenhagen, it is surrounded by Copenhagen Municipality. The municipality, ...

, separate from

Copenhagen Municipality Copenhagen Municipality (), also known in English language, English as the Municipality of Copenhagen, located in the Capital Region of Denmark, is the largest of the four municipalities that constitute the City of Copenhagen (), the other three ...

, but both are a part of the region of

Copenhagen Copenhagen ( ) is the capital and most populous city of Denmark, with a population of 1.4 million in the Urban area of Copenhagen, urban area. The city is situated on the islands of Zealand and Amager, separated from Malmö, Sweden, by the ...

. It occupies an area of less than 9 km² and had a population of 103,192 in 2015. It is the most densely populated municipality in denmark. Frederiksberg is an

enclave An enclave is a territory that is entirely surrounded by the territory of only one other state or entity. An enclave can be an independent territory or part of a larger one. Enclaves may also exist within territorial waters. ''Enclave'' is so ...

surrounded by

. Some sources ambiguously refer to Frederiksberg as a quarter or of Copenhagen, being one of the four municipalities in Copenhagen zone (the other three being

Tårnby Tårnby () is a town in Denmark, the seat of Tårnby Municipality in the Capital Region of Denmark. It is located approximately south of central Copenhagen on the island of Amager. Neighbouring settlements include the Copenhagen suburb of S ...

and

Dragør Dragør () is the main town of Dragør Municipality, (Denmark), which includes the village of Store Magleby. The city hall and seat of the municipal council lies on Kirkevej 7 (postal code 2791 Dragør) in Store Magleby, which has enough space ...

). However, Frederiksberg has its own mayor and municipal council, and is fiercely independent. Frederiksberg is an

affluent Wealth is the abundance of valuable financial assets or physical possessions which can be converted into a form that can be used for transactions. This includes the core meaning as held in the originating Old English word , which is from an ...

area, characterised by its many green spaces such as the Frederiksberg Gardens, Søndermarken, and Hostrups Have. Some institutions and locations that are widely considered to be part of Copenhagen are actually located in Frederiksberg. For example,

Copenhagen Zoo Copenhagen Zoo () is a zoological garden in Copenhagen, Denmark. Founded in 1859, it is one of the oldest zoos in Europe and is a member of EAZA. It comprises and is located in the municipality of Frederiksberg, sandwiched between the parks of ...

as well as several stations of the Copenhagen Metro (the stations ''Forum'', ''Frederiksberg'', ''Fasanvej'', ''Lindevang'', ''Flintholm'', ''Axel Møllers Have'', and ''Frederiksberg Allé'') are located in Frederiksberg. The Copenhagen S-train system also has several stations in Frederiksberg, including ''Peter Bangs Vej station'' and ''Flintholm station''.

History

Valby Bakke - Bombardement of Copenhagen 1807

Julius Thomsens Plads and Sankt Markus Kirke

Frederiksberg's original name was , a combination of the Danish words ( thyle) and (high), indicating that a thyle lived there, the reciter of eldritch times. The term is known from the Snoldelev rune stone. In

Beowulf ''Beowulf'' (; ) is an Old English poetry, Old English poem, an Epic poetry, epic in the tradition of Germanic heroic legend consisting of 3,182 Alliterative verse, alliterative lines. It is one of the most important and List of translat ...

Unferth In the Old English epic poem ''Beowulf'', Unferth or Hunferth is a thegn (a retainer, servant) of the Danish lord Hrothgar. He appears five times in the poem — four times by the name 'Hunferð' (at lines 499, 530, 1165 and 1488) and once by ...

holds the same title. In Håvamål,

Odin Odin (; from ) is a widely revered god in Norse mythology and Germanic paganism. Most surviving information on Odin comes from Norse mythology, but he figures prominently in the recorded history of Northern Europe. This includes the Roman Em ...

himself is referred to as "the old thul". ''Thula'' translates as "song", like in the Rigsthula poem from the

Edda "Edda" (; Old Norse ''Edda'', plural ''Eddur'') is an Old Norse term that has been applied by modern scholars to the collective of two Medieval Icelandic literary works: what is now known as the ''Prose Edda'' and an older collection of poems ( ...

. By 1443 the name Tulehøj was spelled ''Tulleshøy''. It was regarded as Copenhagen's border to the west. People have lived in the area since the

Bronze Age The Bronze Age () was a historical period characterised principally by the use of bronze tools and the development of complex urban societies, as well as the adoption of writing in some areas. The Bronze Age is the middle principal period of ...

. The history of Frederiksberg goes back to 2 June 1651 when King Frederik III gave 20 Danish-Dutch peasants the rights to settle at ''Allégade'' (from the words ''allé'' (tree-lined street or avenue) and ''gade'' (street)), and founded the town then named "''Ny Amager''" (New

Amager Amager ( ), located in the Øresund, is Denmark's most densely populated island, with more than 216,000 inhabitants (January 2022). The protected natural area of ''Naturpark Amager'' (including Kalvebod Fælled) makes up more than one-third of the ...

) or "''Ny Hollænderby''" (New Dutchman-town) as part of a general policy of introducing modern, Dutch farming techniques into Denmark, a policy begun by King Christian IV. Farming was not very successful, and additionally, in 1697 most of the town burned down. This meant that the peasants were unable to pay

tax A tax is a mandatory financial charge or levy imposed on an individual or legal entity by a governmental organization to support government spending and public expenditures collectively or to regulate and reduce negative externalities. Tax co ...

es, and the land reverted to the crown, by now Frederik III's son Christian V. In 1700–1703, King Frederik IV built a

palace A palace is a large residence, often serving as a royal residence or the home for a head of state or another high-ranking dignitary, such as a bishop or archbishop. The word is derived from the Latin name palātium, for Palatine Hill in Rome whi ...

on top of the hill known as Valby Bakke (''bakke'' = hill). He named the palace ''Frederichs Berg'', and the rebuilt town at the foot of the hill consequently changed its name to Frederiksberg. A number of the local houses were bought by wealthy citizens of Copenhagen who did not farm the land, but rather used the properties as country houses. The town changed slowly from a farming community to a merchant town, with craftsmen and merchants. During the summer, rooms were offered for rent, and restaurants served food to the people of Copenhagen who had left the cramped city for the open land, and to be near the royals. Initially the town grew slowly with population growing from 1,000 in 1770, to 1,200 in 1800, and to 3,000 in 1850. In 1852,

Parliament In modern politics and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: Representation (politics), representing the Election#Suffrage, electorate, making laws, and overseeing ...

removed restrictions which prohibited permanent construction outside Copenhagen's city walls. Almost immediately numerous residential areas were constructed, starting in the eastern part near Copenhagen, and ending in the western part farthest away from Copenhagen in 1950. This led to rapid population growth; in 1900 the population reached 80,000, and in 1950 Frederiksberg peaked with a population of 120,000. Today Frederiksberg consists almost entirely of 3- to 5-story residential houses, large single-family homes, and large parks; only a few small areas with light industry remain.

Geography

Frederiksberg, which lies west of central

, is completely surrounded by boroughs forming part of the city of Copenhagen – the result of an expansion of the Copenhagen Municipality's boundary in 1901, which nevertheless did not include Frederiksberg in the list of municipalities to be incorporated in the enlarged area. Frederiksberg is thus effectively a municipal island within the country's capital – a unique phenomenon in present-day Europe. Other than administratively, however, it is largely indistinguishable in character from the districts of Copenhagen city which surround it. Apart from being a pleasant place to live, municipal taxes in Frederiksberg are also lower than those in Copenhagen proper. This attracts a more affluent population. Frederiksberg has several stations on the Copenhagen Metro system, and is home to the tallest residential structure in Denmark and the second tallest residential building in

Scandinavia Scandinavia is a subregion#Europe, subregion of northern Europe, with strong historical, cultural, and linguistic ties between its constituent peoples. ''Scandinavia'' most commonly refers to Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. It can sometimes also ...

: the 102-metre high Domus Vista.

Culture

The Danmark Rundt cycling race traditionally finishes on Frederiksberg Alle, often in a sprint finish.

Education

Frederiksberg houses the University of Copenhagen's Frederiksberg Campus,

Copenhagen Business School Copenhagen Business School (Danish'': Handelshøjskolen i København'') often abbreviated and referred to as CBS (also in Danish), is a public university situated in Copenhagen, Denmark and is considered one of the most prestigious business scho ...

, 9 public schools (run by the municipality), 3 private schools, 1 technical college, and more. The '' Lycée Français Prins Henrik'', a French international school, is in Frederiksberg.

Shopping

The 3 streets ''Gammel Kongevej'', ''Godthåbsvej'', and ''Falkoner Alle'' are the busiest shopping streets. The town also houses the ''Frederiksberg Centret'' shopping mall.

Main sights

Frederiksberg Campus (University of Copenhagen) Frederiksberg Campus is one of the four main campuses of University of Copenhagen in Copenhagen, Denmark. It is located in Frederiksberg and is home to large parts of the University of Copenhagen Faculty of Science, Faculty of Science' activities w ...

* Frederiksberg Gardens * Frederiksberg Hospital *

Frederiksberg Palace Frederiksberg Palace () is a Baroque architecture, Baroque residence, located in Frederiksberg, Denmark, adjacent to the Copenhagen Zoo. It commands a view over Frederiksberg Gardens, originally designed as a palace garden in the Baroque style. ...

* Frederiksberg Town Hall *

* Royal Danish Military Academy * F.C. Copenhagen's training facilities, Number 10

Demography

Transport

The town is served by the Frederiksberg station and the Fasanvej station, opened in 2003 on the Copenhagen Metro. It serves the M1, M2 and M3 (the City Circle Line) lines and is connected with bus services. The

S-Train The S-Bahn ( , ), , is a hybrid urban rail, urban–suburban rail system serving a metropolitan region predominantly in German language, German-speaking countries. Some of the larger S-Bahn systems provide service similar to rapid transit syst ...

urban rail Urban rail transit is a wide term for various types of local rail systems providing passenger service within and around urban or suburban areas. The set of urban rail systems can be roughly subdivided into the following categories, which som ...

and

suburban rail Commuter rail or suburban rail is a Passenger train, passenger rail service that primarily operates within a metropolitan area, connecting Commuting, commuters to a Central business district, central city from adjacent suburbs or commuter town ...

network can be reached through Peter Bangs Vej station, Fuglebakken station and Grøndal station.

Notable people

Arts and writing

* Kamma Rahbek (1775–1829), artist, salonist and lady of letters * Asger Hamerik (1843–1923), composer of classical music *

Marie Luplau Henriette Marie Antonette Luplau (September 7, 1848 – August 16, 1925) was a Danish artist and educator, active in the women's movement. She conducted an art school for women in Copenhagen with her partner, artist Emilie Mundt. Early life and e ...

(1848–1925), artist and educator, active in the women's movement *

Axel Olrik Axel Olrik (3 July 1864 – 17 February 1917) was a Denmark, Danish folklore, folklorist and scholar of mediaeval historiography, and a pioneer in the methodical study of oral narrative. Olrik was born in Frederiksberg, the son of the artist H ...

(1864–1917), folklorist and scholar of mediaeval historiography * Marie Krøyer (1867–1940), painter * Frederik Lange (1871–1941), painter * Anna Wulff (1874–1935), educator pioneering kindergarten teaching * Harald Giersing (1881–1927), painter, buried here * Robert Storm Petersen (1882–1949), cartoonist, writer, animator, painter and humorist * Gerda Wegener (1886–1940), illustrator and painter, art nouveau and later art deco * Einar Utzon-Frank (1888–1955), sculptor and academic * Mogens Wöldike (1897–1988), conductor, choirmaster, organist and scholar * Gottfred Eickhoff (1902–1982), sculptor * Helen Schou (1905–2006), sculptor most known for her works of horses. *

Victor Brockdorff Arthur Victor Schack von Brockdorff, generally known as Victor Brockdorff, (October 11, 1911 – February 25, 1992) was a Danish painter who joined the artists' colony known as the Odsherred Painters in Northwestern Zealand in the early 1930s. H ...

(1911–1992), painter who joined the Odsherred Painters *

Erik Christian Haugaard Erik Christian Haugaard (April 13, 1923 – June 4, 2009) was a Danish-born American writer, best known for children's books and for his translations of the works of Hans Christian Andersen. Biography Erik Christian Haugaard was born in Frede ...

(1923–2009), American writer of children's books * Leif Panduro (1923–1977), writer, novelist and dramatist *

Bent Fabric Bent Fabricius-Bjerre (7 December 1924 – 28 July 2020), better known internationally as Bent Fabric, was a Danish pianist and composer. Biography Bent Fabricius-Bjerre was born in Frederiksberg, Denmark. He started a jazz ensemble after ...

(1924–2020), composer and pianist * Frank Jæger (1926–1977), writer of poetry and radio plays *

Anders Bodelsen Anders Bodelsen (11 February 1937 – 17 October 2021) was a Danish writer primarily associated with the 1960 new-realism wave in Danish literature, along with Christian Kampmann and Henrik Stangerup. Bodelsen preferred the social-realistic sty ...

(born 1937), writer * Mette Winge (1937–2022), novelist, literary critic * Søren Hansen (born 1943), painter * Claus Bjørn (1944–2005), author, historian and broadcaster * Roald Als (born 1948), cartoonist * Esben Holmboe Bang (born 1982), chef and owner of three

Michelin star The ''Michelin Guides'' ( ; ) are a series of guide books that have been published by the French tyre company Michelin since 1900. The ''Guide'' awards up to three Michelin stars for excellence to a select few restaurants in certain geographic ...

restaurant Maaemo

Acting and entertainment

Carl Theodor Dreyer Carl Theodor Dreyer (; 3 February 1889 – 20 March 1968), commonly known as Carl Th. Dreyer, was a Danish film director and screenwriter. Widely considered one of the greatest filmmakers in history, his movies are noted for emotional austerity ...

(1889–1968), film director * Ib Mossin (1933–2004), actor, singer, director and heartthrob * Birgitte Price (1934–1997), actress * Bo Christensen (1937–2020), film producer * Jesper Langberg (born 1940), actor * Jørgen de Mylius (born 1946), radio and TV personality * Louise Frevert (born 1953), belly dancer, pornographic actress and MP 2001–2007 * Claes Bang (born 1967), actor and musician *

Sofie Gråbøl Sofie Gråbøl (; born 30 July 1968) is a Danish actress. She has starred in a number of films, with her breakthrough role in the 1986 Danish film '' Early Spring'', directed by Astrid Henning-Jensen, playing the lead role in the film version of ...

(born 1968), actress * Christina Chanée (born 1979), Danish-Thai pop singer, lives here

Politics and public office

* Carl Christian Hall (1812–1888), statesman and twice Council President of Denmark *

Viggo Kampmann Olfert Viggo Fischer Kampmann (; 21 July 1910 – 3 June 1976) was a Danish politician who served as the leader of the Danish Social Democrats and prime minister of Denmark from 1960 to 1962. He formed his first cabinet just prior to the 1960 ...

(1910–1976), Prime Minister of Denmark 1960–1962 * Emil Balslev (1913–1944), surveyor and member of the Danish resistance * Torben Tryde (1916–1998), lieutenant colonel, writer, Olympian and resistance fighter *

Mette Groes Mette Groes (1937–2014) was a Danish politician, social worker and lecturer at Aalborg University. Representing the Social Democrats, she was a temporary member of the Folketing (1977– 1987) and a member of the European Parliament (1979–1980 ...

(1937–2014). politician, social worker and academic * Per Stig Møller (born 1942), politician, a member of the

Folketing The Folketing ( , ), also known as the Parliament of Denmark or the Danish Parliament in English, is the unicameral national legislature (parliament) of the Kingdom of Denmark — Denmark proper together with the Faroe Islands and Greenland. E ...

1984–2015, held several ministerial posts * Hans Hækkerup (1945–2013), politician, member of parliament and Minister of Defence * Erland Kolding Nielsen (1947–2017), Director General and CEO of the Danish Royal Library * Lars Barfoed (born 1957), politician, Conservative People's Party leader 2011–2014 * Pia Gjellerup (born 1959), politician, Member of

Folketinget The Folketing ( , ), also known as the Parliament of Denmark or the Danish Parliament in English, is the unicameral List of legislatures by country, national legislature (parliament) of the Danish Realm, Kingdom of Denmark — Denmark proper to ...

and solicitor * Christian Friis Bach (born 1966), the Secretary General of the Danish Refugee Council * Ida Auken (born 1978), politician and member of Parliament * Jeanette Oppenheim (born 1952), member of the

Copenhagen City Council The Copenhagen City Council (Danish: ) is the municipal government of Copenhagen, Denmark, and has its seat at Copenhagen City Hall. The city council is Copenhagen's highest political authority and sets the framework for the committees' tasks. ...

and MEP

Science and design

Ferdinand Meldahl Ferdinand Meldahl (16 March 1827 – 3 February 1908) was a Danish architect best known for the reconstruction of Frederiksborg Castle after the fire in 1859. Meldahl was one of the leading proponents of historicism in Denmark. Biography He was t ...

(1827–1908), architect * Knud Andersen (1867–1918), zoologist *

Kaare Klint Kaare Klint (15 December 1888 – 28 March 1954) was a Danish architect and furniture designer, known as the father of modern Danish furniture design. His style was epitomized by clean, pure lines, use of the best materials of his time and ...

(1888–1954), architect and father of modern Danish furniture design * Ole Wanscher (1903–1985), furniture designer *

Finn Juhl Finn Juhl (30 January 1912 – 17 May 1989) was a Denmark, Danish architect, interior design, interior and industrial designer, most known for his furniture design. He was one of the leading figures in the creation of Danish design in the 1940s an ...

(1912–1989), architect, interior and industrial designer and introduced Danish Modern to America *

Peter Naur Peter Naur (25 October 1928 – 3 January 2016) was a Danish computer science pioneer and 2005 Turing Award winner. He is best remembered as a contributor, with John Backus, to the Backus–Naur form (BNF) notation used in describing the syntax ...

(1928–2016), computer science pioneer *

Per Brinch Hansen Per Brinch Hansen (13 November 1938 – 31 July 2007) was a Denmark, Danish-United States, American computer scientist known for his work in operating systems, Concurrent computing, concurrent Computer programming, programming and Parallel comput ...

(1938–2007), Danish-American computer scientist * Bent Skovmand (1945–2007), plant scientist and conservationist * Arne Astrup (born 1955), nutritionist and professor

Sport

* Charles Winckler (1867–1932), athlete, Olympic champion * Christian Grøthan (1890–1951), footballer *

Ebbe Schwartz Ebbe Schwartz (3 May 1901 – 19 October 1964) was a Danish football administrator. Career * From 1950 until 1964 he was president of the Danish Football Association (DBU). * He served as the first UEFA president (1954–1962). * From ...

(1901–1964), football administrator * Pauli Jørgensen (1905–1993), football player and manager * Torben Ulrich (born 1928), tennis player and writer * Per Lyngemark (1941–2010), track cyclist, Olympic champion * Per Røntved (born 1949), footballer * Ivan Nielsen (born 1956), footballer * Kent Nielsen (born 1961), football player and manager * Jan Bartram (born 1962), footballer *

Michael Laudrup Michael Laudrup (, born 15 June 1964) is a Danish professional Association football, football coach and former player. Renowned for his composure, passing, vision, technical skills, ball control, and dribbling ability, Laudrup is widely regarded ...

(born 1964), footballer * Søren Colding (born 1972), footballer * Thomas Delaney (born 1991), footballer * Cecilie Uttrup Ludwig (born 1995), road cyclist * Rasmus Winther (born 1999), gamer

Twin towns

Frederiksberg practices twinning on the municipal level. For the twin towns, see twin towns of Frederiksberg Municipality.

References

External links

*
Frederiksberg official website
{{Authority control * Municipal seats in the Capital Region of Denmark Municipal seats of Denmark Copenhagen metropolitan area Cities and towns in the Capital Region of Denmark