The word filament, which is descended from Latin ''filum'' meaning "
thread", is used in English for a variety of thread-like structures, including:
Astronomy
*
Galaxy filament
In cosmology, galaxy filaments are the largest known structures in the universe, consisting of walls of galactic superclusters. These massive, thread-like formations can commonly reach 50 to 80 megaparsecs ()—with the largest found to date b ...
, the largest known cosmic structures in the universe
* Solar filament, a
solar prominence
In solar physics, a prominence, sometimes referred to as a filament, is a large Plasma (physics), plasma and magnetic field structure extending outward from the Sun's surface, often in a loop shape. Prominences are anchored to the Sun's surface ...
seen against the disc of the sun
Biology
*
Myofilament
Myofilaments are the three protein filaments of myofibrils in muscle cells. The main proteins involved are myosin, actin, and titin. Myosin and actin are the ''contractile proteins'' and titin is an elastic protein. The myofilaments act togeth ...
, filaments of myofibrils constructed from proteins
*
Protein filament
In biology, a protein filament is a long chain of protein monomers, such as those found in hair, muscle, or in flagella. Protein filaments form together to make the cytoskeleton of the cell. They are often bundled together to provide support, st ...
, a long chain of protein subunits, such as those found in hair or muscle
* Part of a
stamen
The stamen (: stamina or stamens) is a part consisting of the male reproductive organs of a flower. Collectively, the stamens form the androecium., p. 10
Morphology and terminology
A stamen typically consists of a stalk called the filament ...
, the male part of a flower
*
Hypha
A hypha (; ) is a long, branching, filamentous structure of a fungus, oomycete, or actinobacterium. In most fungi, hyphae are the main mode of vegetative growth, and are collectively called a mycelium.
Structure
A hypha consists of one o ...
, a thread-like cell in fungi and Actinobacteria
*
Filamentation
Filamentation is the anomalous growth of certain bacteria, such as ''Escherichia coli'', in which cells continue to elongate but do not divide (no septa formation). The cells that result from elongation without division have multiple chromosomal ...
, an elongation of individual bacterial cells
Textiles
*
Filament fiber
A staple fiber is a textile fiber of discrete length. The opposite is a filament fiber, which comes in continuous lengths. Staple length is a characteristic fiber length of a sample of staple fibers. It is an essential criterion in yarn spinning, ...
, fiber that comes in a continuous long length
*
Filament yarn
Yarn is a long continuous length of interlocked fibres, used in sewing, crocheting, knitting, weaving, embroidery, ropemaking, and the production of textiles. '' Thread'' is a type of yarn intended for sewing by hand or machine. Modern manufac ...
, as opposed to spun yarn
Media
*
''Filament'' (magazine), a female-oriented erotica magazine
* 2002 movie by
Jinsei Tsuji
Hitonari Tsuji (辻 仁成, ''Tsuji Hitonari''; born 1959) is a Japanese writer, composer, musician, painter and film director. In his film and singing work he uses the art name Jinsei Tsuji, an alternative reading his given name. His novels an ...
*
Filament (band)
Filament is a musical group from Japan that consists of Otomo Yoshihide and Sachiko M, two of the major exponents of the electroacoustic improvisation style of music.
The two played as a duo for the first time on November 5, 1995 in London
...
, a musical group from Japan
*
Filament Games
Filament Games is an American educational video game developer based in Madison, Wisconsin and founded in 2005 by partners Daniel White, Daniel Norton, and Alexander Stone. It is a full-service digital studio that develops learning games on a fo ...
, a Wisconsin-based educational video game developer
*
Filament Productions
Filament Productions is a production design and touring video company based in Charlottesville, Virginia, USA, since 2005. It was founded by Fenton Williams, who was the first road manager for the Dave Matthews Band ("DMB"). During the early 199 ...
, a production design and touring video company
Physics and engineering
*
Electrical filament
An incandescent light bulb, also known as an incandescent lamp or incandescent light globe, is an electric light that produces illumination by Joule heating a filament until it glows. The filament is enclosed in a glass bulb that is eith ...
of incandescent light bulb
*
Heater filament
In vacuum tubes and gas-filled tubes, a hot cathode or thermionic cathode is a cathode electrode which is heated to make it emit electrons due to thermionic emission. This is in contrast to a cold cathode, which does not have a heating element. T ...
of a vacuum tube
*
Current filament
Currents, Current or The Current may refer to:
Science and technology
* Current (fluid), the flow of a liquid or a gas
** Air current, a flow of air
** Ocean current, a current in the ocean
*** Rip current, a kind of water current
** Current (hy ...
, an inhomogeneity in current flow
*
Filament propagation In nonlinear optics, filament propagation is propagation of a beam of light through a medium without diffraction. This is possible because the Kerr effect causes an index of refraction change in the medium, resulting in self-focusing of the beam.
...
, diffractionless propagation of a light beam
*
LED filament, a light-emitting diode string, which resembles an incandescent light bulb filament
*
3D printing filament
3D printing filament is the thermoplastic feedstock for fused filament fabrication 3D printing, 3D printers. There are many types of filament available with different properties.
Filament comes in a range of diameters, most commonly 1.75 mm ...
, printer raw material
See also
*
Monofilament (disambiguation)
{{disambiguation