The Eudaminae are a

subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily names with "-oideae", and zo ...

skipper butterflies Skippers are a group of butterflies placed in the family Hesperiidae within the order Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies). They were previously placed in a separate superfamily, Hesperioidea, but have since been placed in the superfamily Papilion ...

(

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Hesperiidae). Their original

type genus In biological taxonomy, the type genus (''genus typica'') is the genus which defines a biological family and the root of the family name. Zoological nomenclature According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, "The name-bearin ...

''Eudamus'' is today a

junior synonym In taxonomy, the scientific classification of living organisms, a synonym is an alternative scientific name for the accepted scientific name of a taxon. The botanical and zoological codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently. ...

of ''

Urbanus Urbain Servranckx (born 7 June 1949), better known as Urbanus, is a Belgian comedian, actor, singer and comic book writer. Although he is most famous as comedian, some of his songs became hits, such as ''Bakske vol met stro'' (1979), ''Madammen ...

''. They are largely found in the

Neotropics The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone. Definition In biogeog ...

, with some extending into temperate North America, and one genus, ''

Lobocla ''Lobocla'' is a genus of skippers in the family Hesperiidae subfamily Eudaminae, within which they are placed in subtribe Loboclina. Unlike the rest of the Eudaminae, which have a New World distribution, the genus is endemic to Asia. Species L ...

'', endemic to East Asia. (2009):

Tree of Life Web Project The Tree of Life Web Project (ToL) is an Internet project providing information about the diversity and phylogeny of life on Earth. This collaborative peer reviewed project began in 1995, and is written by biologists from around the world. The s ...

&ndash
Eudaminae
Version of 2009-JUN-11. Retrieved 2009-DEC-24.

Taxonomy

The Eudaminae have been recent subject to significant taxonomic revisions based on genome analysis, including by Brower & Warren 2009, and Li et al. 2019. Historically, the subfamily has been included as tribe Eudamini in subfamily

Pyrginae Pyrginae, commonly known as spread-winged skippers, are a subfamily of the skipper butterfly family (biology), family (Hesperiidae). The subfamily was established by Hermann Burmeister in 1878. Their delimitation and internal systematics has chan ...

, based on perceived similarities with two of the tribes in that subfamily, the

Celaenorrhinini The Celaenorrhinini are a tribe of spread-winged skippers in the skipper butterfly subfamily Tagiadinae. These skippers are mainly found in tropical Africa. A few are found in Asia, and some species presently placed in the (paraphyletic) type g ...

and

Pyrgini The Pyrgini are a tribe (biology), tribe in the skipper butterfly subfamily Pyrginae. Formerly, when only four tribes of Pyrginae were recognized, the Pyrgini contained the largest number of genera among these. But this overly wide delimitation h ...

. As of Li et al. 2019, the Eudaminae are divided into four tribes:

Entheini The Eudaminae are a subfamily of skipper butterflies (family Hesperiidae). Their original type genus ''Eudamus'' is today a junior synonym of ''Urbanus''. They are largely found in the Neotropics, with some extending into temperate North Americ ...

Phocidini The Eudaminae are a subfamily of skipper butterflies (family (biology), family Hesperiidae). Their original biological type, type genus ''Eudamus'' is today a junior synonym of ''Urbanus (genus), Urbanus''. They are largely found in the Neotrop ...

Eudamini The Eudaminae are a subfamily of skipper butterflies (family Hesperiidae). Their original type genus ''Eudamus'' is today a junior synonym of '' Urbanus''. They are largely found in the Neotropics, with some extending into temperate North Amer ...

and

Oileidini The Eudaminae are a subfamily of skipper butterflies (family Hesperiidae). Their original type genus ''Eudamus'' is today a junior synonym of ''Urbanus''. They are largely found in the Neotropics, with some extending into temperate North Americ ...

Current status and subdivisions

Except where otherwise noted, the classification below follows Li et al., 2019:

Tribe Entheini

*'' Drephalys'' Watson, 1893 *'' Udranomia'' A. Butler, 1870 *'' Phanus'' Hübner,

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/small> *'' Hyalothyrus'' Mabille, 1878 *'' Entheus'' Hübner,

/small> *'' Augiades'' Hübner,

/small> *'' Tarsoctenus'' E. Watson, 1893

Tribe Phocidini

*''

Phocides ''Phocides'' is a genus of butterflies in the skipper family, Hesperiidae, in which it is placed in tribe Phocidini, of which it is the namesake genus. The distribution of the genus is primarily Neotropical, but a few species occur in the Nearc ...

'' Hübner,

/small> *'' Pseudonascus'' Austin, 2008 *'' Nascus'' E. Watson, 1893 *'' Aurina'' Evans, 1937 *'' Emmelus'' O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2016 *''

Porphyrogenes ''Porphyrogenes'' is a Neotropical genus of spread-winged skippers in the family Hesperiidae, in which they are placed to tribe Phocidini. Species *'' Porphyrogenes boliva'' Evans, 1952 - Venezuela *'' Porphyrogenes calathana'' (Hewitson, 1868) ...

'' E. Watson, 1893 *'' Nicephellus'' Austin, 2008 *'' Salatis'' Evans, 1952 *'' Salantoia'' Grishin, 2019 *'' Sarmientoia'' Berg, 1897 *'' Bungalotis'' E. Watson, 1893 *'' Euriphellus'' Austin, 2008 *''

Dyscophellus ''Dyscophellus'' is a genus of largely Neotropical butterflies in the family Hesperiidae. The genus has been the subject of recent revisions based on genome analysis. It is currently placed in tribe (biology), tribe Phocidini within the subfamily ...

'' Godman & Salvin, 1893 *'' Phareas'' Westwood, 1852 *'' Ornilius'' Grishin, 2022 *'' Fulvatis'' Grishin, 2022 *''

Adina Adina may refer to: Places India * Adina Deer Park, a deer sanctuary in Malda district, West Bengal * Adina Kottige, a village in Karnataka * Adina Mosque, a ruined mosque in West Bengal Other countries * Adina, Ghana, a town in the ...

'' Grishin, 2022

Tribe Eudamini

Subtribe Eudamina

*'' Cecropterus'' Herrich-Schäffer, 1869 *'' Spicauda'' Grishin, 2019 *''

'' Hübner,

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/small> *''

Telegonus Telegonus (; Ancient Greek: Τηλέγονος means "born afar") is the name shared by three different characters in Greek mythology. * Telegonus, a king of Egypt who was sometimes said to have married the nymph Io. * Telegonus, a Thracian son ...

'' Hübner,

/small> *'' Autochton'' Hübner, 1823 *'' Spathilepia'' A. Butler, 1870 *''

Astraptes ''Astraptes'', commonly known as the flasher butterflies, is a genus of skipper butterflies in the subfamily Eudaminae. They are found in the Nearctic and Neotropical ecozones. Species The following species are recognised in the genus ''Astrapte ...

'' Hübner,

/small> *'' Narcosius'' Steinhauser, 1986 *'' Proteides'' Hübner,

/small> *'' Epargyreus'' Hübner,

/small> *''

Chioides ''Chioides'' is a mainly Neotropical genus of skipper butterflies in the family Hesperiidae (Eudaminae) They range from the south-western United States to Argentina and there are several Antillean endemic species. They are robust and have hindwi ...

'' Lindsey, 1921

Subtribe Loboclina

*'' Aguna'' R. Williams, 1927 *'' Zeutus'' Grishin, 2019 *''

'' Moore, 1884 *'' Lobotractus'' Grishin, 2019 *'' Codatractus'' Lindsey, 1921 *'' Zestusa'' Lindsey, 1925 *'' Ridens'' Evans, 1952 *'' Venada'' Evans, 1952

Subtribe Cephisina

*'' Cephise'' Evans, 1952

Subtribe Telemiadina

*'' Ectomis'' Mabille, 1878 *'' Telemiades'' Hübner,

/small> *'' Polygonus'' Hübner,

825 __NOTOC__ Year 825 (Roman numerals, DCCCXXV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. Events By place India * A group of Persio-Assyrian adherents of the Church of the East, under the leadership of two Persian bis ...

/small>

Tribe Oileidini

Subtribe Oileidina

*'' Flattoides'' Grishin, 2019 *'' Oileides'' Hübner,

/small>

Subtribe Typhedanina

*'' Typhedanus'' A. Butler, 1870 *''

Oechydrus ''Oechydrus'' is a genus of Neotropical butterflies in the family Hesperiidae (Eudaminae). Species There are two species recognised in the genus ''Oechydrus'': * ''Oechydrus chersis'' (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) **''O. c. chersis'' (Herrich-Sch ...

'' E. Watson, 1893 *'' Cogia'' A. Butler, 1870 *'' Nerula'' Mabille, 1888 *''

Marela Marela is a town and sub-prefecture in the Faranah Prefecture in the Faranah Region of Guinea Guinea, officially the Republic of Guinea, is a coastal country in West Africa. It borders the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Guinea-Bissau to the ...

'' Mabille, 1903

Footnotes and references

Butterfly subfamilies Taxa named by Paul Mabille {{Hesperiidae-stub