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Etifelmine (
INN
Inns are generally establishments or buildings where travelers can seek lodging, and usually, food and drink. Inns are typically located in the country or along a highway. Before the advent of motorized transportation, they also provided accomm ...
; also known as gilutensin) is a stimulant
Stimulants (also known as central nervous system stimulants, or psychostimulants, or colloquially as uppers) are a class of drugs that increase alertness. They are used for various purposes, such as enhancing attention, motivation, cognition, ...
drug. It was used for the treatment of hypotension
Hypotension, also known as low blood pressure, is a cardiovascular condition characterized by abnormally reduced blood pressure. Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps out blood and is ...
(low blood pressure).
Synthesis
The base-catalyzed reaction betweenbenzophenone
Benzophenone is a naturally occurring organic compound with the formula (C6H5)2CO, generally abbreviated Ph2CO. Benzophenone has been found in some fungi, fruits and plants, including grapes. It is a white solid with a low melting point and ros ...
(1) and butyronitrile
Butyronitrile or butanenitrile or propyl cyanide, is a nitrile with the formula C3H7CN. This colorless liquid is miscible with most polar organic solvents.
Uses
Butyronitrile is mainly used as a precursor to the poultry drug amprolium.Peter Polla ...
(2) gives 2- ydroxy(diphenyl)methylutanenitrile (3).Dr Werner Heinrich & Dr Walter Heigel, (1962 to Giulini Gmbh Geb). Catalytic hydrogenation
Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction between molecular hydrogen (H2) and another compound or element, usually in the presence of a catalyst such as nickel, palladium or platinum. The process is commonly employed to reduce or saturate organic ...
reduces the nitrile group to a primary amine giving 1,1-diphenyl-2-ethyl-3-aminopropanol (4). The tertiary hydroxyl group is dehydrated
In physiology, dehydration is a lack of total body water that disrupts Metabolism, metabolic processes. It occurs when free water loss exceeds intake, often resulting from excessive sweating, health conditions, or inadequate consumption of wate ...
by treatment with anhydrous hydrogen chloride gas, completing the synthesis of etifelmine (5).
See also
*2-MDP
2-MDP (U-23807A) is a dissociative anaesthetic drug which has been found to be an NMDA antagonist and produces similar effects to PCP in animals. The ''levo'' or (−)-isomer is the active form of the drug. It also has stimulant effects, having ...
* PridefineReferences