English Without Tears
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''English Without Tears'' is a 1944 British
romantic comedy Romantic comedy (also known as romcom or rom-com) is a sub-genre of comedy and Romance novel, romance fiction, focusing on lighthearted, humorous plot lines centered on romantic ideas, such as how true love is able to surmount all obstacles. Ro ...
film directed by
Harold French Harold French (23 April 1897 – 19 October 1997) was an English film director, screenwriter and actor. Biography After training at the Italia Conti Academy of Theatre Arts, Italia Conti School, he made his acting debut age 12, in a produ ...
and starring Michael Wilding, Penelope Dudley-Ward and Lilli Palmer. The screenplay was by Terrance Rattigan and Anatole de Grunwald. It was released in the U.S. under the title ''Her Man Gilbey'', as a reference to the classic
Screwball comedy Screwball comedy is a film subgenre of the romantic comedy genre that became popular during the Great Depression, beginning in the early 1930s and thriving until the early 1950s, that satirizes the traditional love story. It has secondary charact ...
, '' My Man Godfrey'' (1936). The film depicts the romance between a young English aristocrat and her family's
butler A butler is a person who works in a house serving and is a domestic worker in a large household. In great houses, the household is sometimes divided into departments, with the butler in charge of the dining room, wine cellar, and pantries, pantr ...
. During World War II, the butler becomes an officer of the
Royal Army Service Corps The Royal Army Service Corps (RASC) was a corps of the British Army responsible for land, coastal and lake transport, air despatch, barracks administration, the Army Fire Service, staffing headquarters' units, supply of food, water, fuel and do ...
and the girl joins the
Auxiliary Territorial Service The Auxiliary Territorial Service (ATS; often pronounced as an acronym) was the women's branch of the British Army during the World War II, Second World War. It was formed on 9 September 1938, initially as a women's voluntary service, and existe ...
. Their change in status and her maturity affect their relationship. The world around them is also transformed.


Plot

In July 1939, the top-hatted deliveryman from a Fortune and Weedon
carriage A carriage is a two- or four-wheeled horse-drawn vehicle for passengers. In Europe they were a common mode of transport for the wealthy during the Roman Empire, and then again from around 1600 until they were replaced by the motor car around 1 ...
takes a basket of
quail Quail is a collective name for several genera of mid-sized birds generally placed in the order Galliformes. The collective noun for a group of quail is a flock, covey, or bevy. Old World quail are placed in the family Phasianidae, and New ...
to the tradesman's entrance of Beauclerk House. An elaborate process brings the birds to the dinner plates of Lady Christabel Beauclerk and her nephew, Sir Cosmo Brandon, a British delegate to the
League of Nations The League of Nations (LN or LoN; , SdN) was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. It was founded on 10 January 1920 by the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920), Paris Peace ...
in
Geneva Geneva ( , ; ) ; ; . is the List of cities in Switzerland, second-most populous city in Switzerland and the most populous in French-speaking Romandy. Situated in the southwest of the country, where the Rhône exits Lake Geneva, it is the ca ...
. A fanatical bird expert, Lady Christobel identifies the "quail" as a thrush and sends the "tortured friend" away in horror. She commands third-generation butler Tom Gilbey to join them in Geneva, where she will propose sanctuaries for British birds. The
xenophobic Xenophobia (from (), 'strange, foreign, or alien', and (), 'fear') is the fear or dislike of anything that is perceived as being foreign or strange. It is an expression that is based on the perception that a conflict exists between an in-gr ...
Gilbey almost quits, but his father and grandfather tell him it is his duty. Home from school, Lady Christobel's niece, Joan Heseltine, talks about equality with the butler, on whom she has a longstanding crush. In Geneva, the party meets Polish political cartoonist Felix Dembowski and French romantic novelist François de Freycinet. The session and Norwegian interpreter Brigid Knudsen's translations provide a dose of dark humour. Lady Christabel's outraged demands for sanctuaries and control of oil pollution are perceived as an attempt at British imperial expansion. One delegate engages Knudsen to find out more by vamping an oblivious Gilbey. A "romantic" row on the lake ends with Gilbey's appearance carrying a soaking Bridgid. The family speculates but ignores the issue. Joan springs to his defense – and tells them that she will love him forever. 2 October 1939.
War War is an armed conflict between the armed forces of states, or between governmental forces and armed groups that are organized under a certain command structure and have the capacity to sustain military operations, or between such organi ...
has begun. Gilbey leaves to join the Territorial Army. Misled by Bonnie, Joan declares her love in a nearby tea shop. Citing her youth and class distinctions, he tells her it is hopeless. She refuses to give up. In May 1940, refugee Knudsen serendipitously encounters De Freycinet at the train station. Beauclerk House is The Sanctuary, housing European Allied officers. Gilbey, now a second lieutenant in the RASC, returns home to find Lady Christabel happily occupying his old room. He asks, hopefully after the rest of the family, and finds a mature, confident Joan teaching English to a large class of officers. At the tea shop, he explains how he has changed. He is now in love with her... Joan no longer loves him. He was "cold and inhuman and godlike", and she knows hundreds of second lieutenants just like him. Meanwhile, De Freycinet asks Brandon to get Knudsen a legitimate passport. Brandon assists, assuming, wrongly, that De Freycinet and Knudsen are lovers. At The Sanctuary, Gilbey gets advice on seduction from several officers, but he makes an awkward mess of putting it to use. De Freycinet and Dembowski vie for Joan's affections by trying to be her top pupil, taking extra lessons from Knudsen. Lady Christobel approves of De Freycinet's suit. De Freycinet asks Brandon for another endorsement so Knudsen can join the
Free Norwegian Forces The Norwegian armed forces in exile () were remnants of the armed forces of Norway that continued to fight the Axis Powers, Axis powers from Allies of World War II, Allied countries, such as United Kingdom, Britain and Canada, after they had escap ...
. Brandon sends Gilbey to her apartment to confirm his belief that De Freycinet is her lover. Dembowski, De Freycinet and Joan arrive; the misunderstanding escalates; and Joan storms out. The three men plan to confront her, but cowardice prevails and at The Sanctuary's bar they drunkenly make up their differences and swear off women. Joan overhears and gives up on men. On 18 September 1940, she joins the
Auxiliary Territorial Service The Auxiliary Territorial Service (ATS; often pronounced as an acronym) was the women's branch of the British Army during the World War II, Second World War. It was formed on 9 September 1938, initially as a women's voluntary service, and existe ...
. In December 1942 she is assigned to a notorious RASC major who ran through 6 typists in a month. It is Gilbey, now brusque, rude, demanding and intolerant, insisting that a staff member who has just given birth return to work. He tells an aide to get Joan a job she can do. In tears, she tells a sympathetic corporal that he is "wonderful". On his bicycle, a top-hatted Fortune and Weedon man delivers a basket of canned spam to Beauclerk House for the New Year's Eve United Nations Dance, where several of the film's couples come together. Tom and Joan "argue" about his being "out of reach." He presses her against a pillar, and they kiss. Cut to the just-married couple running down the steps to the cheers of friends and family. Joan's new job: Gilbey's driver. "I endeavor to give every satisfaction," she declares, saluting him.


Cast

* Michael Wilding as Tom Gilbey * Penelope Dudley-Ward as Joan Heseltine * Lilli Palmer as Brigid Knudsen * Claude Dauphin as François de Freycinet *
Albert Lieven Albert Lieven (born Albert Fritz Liévin; 22 June 1906 – 22 December 1971) was a German actor. Early life Lieven was born in Olsztynek, Hohenstein, German Empire. His father was the head physician of the Tuberculosis sanatorium Hohenstein, ...
as Felix Dembowski * Peggy Cummins as Bobbie Heseltine *
Margaret Rutherford Dame Margaret Taylor Rutherford (11 May 1892 – 22 May 1972) was an English actress of stage, film and television. Rutherford came to national attention following World War II in the film adaptations of Noël Coward's ''Blithe Spirit (1945 f ...
as Lady Christabel Beauclerk * Martin Miller as Schmidt *
Roland Culver Roland Joseph Culver, (31 August 1900 – 1 March 1984) was an English stage, film, and television actor. Early life After Highgate School, Culver joined the Royal Air Force and served as a pilot from 1918 to 1919. Career After considering ...
as Sir Cosmo Brandon * Paul Demel as M. Saladoff * Beryl Measor as Miss Faljambe *
Guy Middleton Guy Middleton Powell (14 December 1907 – 30 July 1973), better known as Guy Middleton, was an English film character actor. Biography Guy Middleton was born in Hove, Sussex, and originally worked in the London Stock Exchange, before tur ...
as Captain Standish *
Esma Cannon Esma Ellen Charlotte Littmann (''née'' Cannon; 27 December 1905 – 18 October 1972), credited as Esme or Esma Cannon, was an Australian-born character actress who moved to Britain in the early 1930s. Although she frequently appeared on televis ...
as Queenie * Ivor Barnard as Mr. Quiel * Paul Bonifas as Monsieur Rolland * Richard Turner as delivery man *
Gordon Begg Gordon Begg (14 January 1868 – February 1954) was a Scottish stage actor, stage and film actor. During the silent film era he made several films in Cinema of the United States, Hollywood, before returning to Britain. He appeared as William Sha ...
as Grandfather Gilbey *
Felix Aylmer Sir Felix Edward Aylmer Jones (21 February 1889 – 2 September 1979) was an English stage actor who also appeared in the cinema and on television. Aylmer made appearances in films with comedians such as Will Hay and George Formby. Early life ...
as Mr Spaggot * Judith Furse as Elise Batter-Jones * André Randall as Dutch officer * Gerard Heinz as Polish officer *
Irene Handl Irene Handl () (27 December 1901 – 29 November 1987) was a British character actress who appeared in more than 100 British films; she also wrote novels. Life Irene Handl was born in Maida Vale, London, the younger of two daughters of an Aus ...
as Delegate (uncredited)


Production

Harold French had directed the successful stage production of ''French without Tears'' starring Rex Harrison. He later called the film:
A bit of wickedness on Tolly de Grunwald’s part because it wasn’t good and made no real sense. Tolly, who was a lovely old villain, had found a backer and her persuaded Terry to lend his name to it. And of course Terry, who was then in the Air Force, needed the money. By the time we were shooting, I knew it wasn’t Terry’s dialogue. Penelope Dudley Ward was in it and she had a lovely comedy sense with a very light touch.


Critical reception

''
The Monthly Film Bulletin The ''Monthly Film Bulletin'' was a periodical of the British Film Institute published monthly from February 1934 until April 1991, when it merged with '' Sight & Sound''. It reviewed all films on release in the United Kingdom, including those wi ...
'' wrote: "Terence Rattigan and Anatole de Grunwald have produced here a subtle comedy of manners truly in the tradition which reached scintillating heights with Frederick Lonsdale's plays. Clive Brook's brilliant translation of one of those plays (''On Approval'') to the screen is likely to form a stiff measure for anything else in the same class for some time to come. This piece nevertheless is gay and charming, caricaturing with tolerant incisiveness the classes of English people who used to impress or exasperate most foreigners and amuse or exasperate their fellow-countrymen. Polished acting contributes much to this success. Margaret Rutherford as Lady Beauclerk and Roland Culver as her Foreign Office nephew contribute most, but there are efficient performances from Michael Wilding, Penelope Ward, Lilli Palmer and others. Generous work by the production department has been well used by director and cameramen to create a pre-war spaciousness in the sets." ''
The Glasgow Herald ''The Herald'' is a Scottish broadsheet newspaper founded in 1783. ''The Herald'' is the longest running national newspaper in the world and is the eighth oldest daily paper in the world. The title was simplified from ''The Glasgow Herald'' in ...
'' felt the film suffered in comparison to Rattigan and de Grunwald's previous success, ''
French Without Tears ''French Without Tears'' is a comic play written by a 25-year-old Terence Rattigan in 1936. Setting It takes place in a cram school for adults needing to acquire French for business reasons. Scattered throughout are Franglais phrases and sc ...
'', and regretted the absence of director
Anthony Asquith Anthony Asquith (; 9 November 1902 – 20 February 1968) was an English film director. He collaborated successfully with playwright Terence Rattigan on ''The Winslow Boy'' (1948) and '' The Browning Version'' (1951), among other adaptations ...
's "light, witty touch”. The reviewer wrote that Wilding "(is) pleasant as the embodiment of the joke and Penelope Ward is charming as the trimmings to it. Roland Culver is beautifully suave in a small part, and Margaret Rutherford has a nice bit of philanthropic lunacy to do". '' Variety'' wrote that despite "admirable direction and excellent photography, the story ambles along to no definite denouement. Therefore it's not a strong candidate for the American market. Smart dialog and witticisms galore are not sufficient to sustain so elemental a love story."


References


External links

*
Review of film
at '' Variety'' {{Terence Rattigan 1944 films 1944 romantic comedy films British black-and-white films British romantic comedy films 1940s English-language films Films directed by Harold French Films produced by Anatole de Grunwald Films with screenplays by Terence Rattigan Films with screenplays by Anatole de Grunwald Two Cities Films films British World War II films Films set in 1942 Films set in London Films set in Geneva Domestic workers in films 1940s British films Films scored by Nicholas Brodszky English-language romantic comedy films