Pidgin English is a non-specific name used to refer to any of the many

pidgin A pidgin , or pidgin language, is a grammatically simplified form of contact language that develops between two or more groups of people that do not have a language in common: typically, its vocabulary and grammar are limited and often drawn f ...

languages derived from English. Pidgins that are spoken as

first language A first language (L1), native language, native tongue, or mother tongue is the first language a person has been exposed to from birth or within the critical period hypothesis, critical period. In some countries, the term ''native language'' ...

s become creoles. English-based pidgins that became stable contact languages, and which have some documentation, include the following: * Aboriginal Pidgin English * Native American Pidgin English *

Cameroonian Pidgin English Cameroonian Pidgin English, or Cameroonian Creole (, from West Coast), is a language variety of Cameroon. It is also known as Kamtok (from 'Cameroon-talk'). It is primarily spoken in the Northwest Region (Cameroon), North West and Southwest Regio ...

Chinese Pidgin English Chinese Pidgin English (also called Chinese Coastal English or Pigeon English) was a pidgin language lexically based on English, but influenced by a Chinese substratum. From the 17th to the 19th centuries, there was also Chinese Pidgin Englis ...

* Butler English (India) * Ghanaian Pidgin English * Hawaiian Pidgin English * Japanese Bamboo English * Japanese Pidgin English * Korean Bamboo English * Kru Pidgin English * Liberian Interior Pidgin English *

Micronesian Pidgin English Micronesian Pidgin is an English-based pidgin language spoken in nineteenth-century Micronesia. It may have been related to Melanesian Pidgin English, due to prolonged language contact via migrant workers from Melanesia, shared lexicon and simi ...

* Nauru Pidgin English * New Zealand Pidgin English *

Nigerian Pidgin Nigerian Pidgin, also known simply as Pidgin or as Naijá in scholarship, is an English-based creole language spoken as a ''lingua franca'' across Nigeria. The language is sometimes referred to as ''Pijin'' or ''Vernacular''. Coming into existe ...

* Papua New Guinea Pidgin * Papuan Pidgin English (distinct from

Tok Pisin Tok Pisin ( ,Laurie Bauer, 2007, ''The Linguistics Student's Handbook'', Edinburgh ; ), often referred to by English speakers as New Guinea Pidgin or simply Pidgin, is an English-based creole languages, English creole language spoken throughou ...

) * Port Jackson Pidgin English (ancestral to

Australian Kriol Australian Kriol, also known as Roper River Kriol, Fitzroy Valley Kriol, Australian Creole, Northern Australian Creole or Aboriginal English, is an English-based creole language that developed from a pidgin used initially in the region of Syd ...

) * Queensland Kanaka English * Samoan Plantation Pidgin * Solomon Islands Pijin *

Spanglish Spanglish (a blend of the words "Spanish" and "English") is any language variety (such as a contact dialect, hybrid language, pidgin, or creole language) that results from conversationally combining Spanish and English. The term is mostly u ...

/Ingléspañol (including dialects

Llanito Llanito or Yanito () is a form of Andalusian Spanish heavily laced with words from English and other languages, such as Ligurian; it is spoken in the British overseas territory of Gibraltar. It is commonly marked by a great deal of code s ...

, Belizean Kitchen Spanish, ABC Islands Spanglish) * Solombala-English * Thai Pidgin English *

West African Pidgin English West African Pidgin English, also known as Guinea Coast Creole English, is a West African pidgin language lexified by English and local African languages. It originated as a language of commerce between British and African slave traders du ...

(multiple varieties) * Vanuatu Bislama * Franglish

References

* * {{English dialects by continent * English Pidgins

See also

References