In September 2016, the

International Union for Conservation of Nature The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources. Founded in 1948, IUCN has become the global authority on the stat ...

(IUCN) listed 643

endangered An endangered species is a species that is very likely to become extinct in the near future, either worldwide or in a particular political jurisdiction. Endangered species may be at risk due to factors such as habitat loss, poaching, inv ...

fish A fish (: fish or fishes) is an aquatic animal, aquatic, Anamniotes, anamniotic, gill-bearing vertebrate animal with swimming fish fin, fins and craniate, a hard skull, but lacking limb (anatomy), limbs with digit (anatomy), digits. Fish can ...

species. Of all evaluated fish species, 4.2% are listed as endangered. The IUCN also lists ten fish subspecies as endangered. Of the subpopulations of fishes evaluated by the IUCN, 24 species subpopulations have been assessed as endangered. For a species to be considered endangered by the IUCN it must meet certain quantitative criteria which are designed to classify taxa facing "a very high risk of extinction". An even higher risk is faced by critically endangered species, which meet the quantitative criteria for endangered species. Critically endangered fishes are listed separately. There are 1098 fish species which are endangered or critically endangered. Additionally 3191 fish species (21% of those evaluated) are listed as

data deficient A data deficient (DD) species is one which has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as offering insufficient information for a proper assessment of conservation status to be made. This does not necessaril ...

, meaning there is insufficient information for a full assessment of conservation status. As these species typically have small distributions and/or populations, they are intrinsically likely to be threatened, according to the IUCN. While the category of data deficient indicates that no assessment of extinction risk has been made for the taxa, the IUCN notes that it may be appropriate to give them "the same degree of attention as threatened taxa, at least until their status can be assessed". This is a complete list of endangered fish species and subspecies evaluated by the IUCN. Species and subspecies which have endangered subpopulations (or stocks) are indicated.

Cartilaginous fishes

Chondrichthyes includes sharks, rays, skates, and saw-fish. There are 124 cartilaginous fishes classified as endangered by the IUCN.

Prickly sharks

Bramble shark The bramble shark (''Echinorhinus brucus'') is one of the two species of sharks in the family Echinorhinidae. Aside from the eastern Pacific Ocean, it is found in tropical and temperate waters worldwide. This rarely encountered shark swims close ...

(''Echinorhinus brucus'')

Carpet sharks

* Hasselt's bambooshark (''Chiloscyllium hasselti'') * Pacific nurse shark (''Ginglymostoma unami'') *

Whale shark The whale shark (''Rhincodon typus'') is a slow-moving, filter feeder, filter-feeding carpet shark and the largest known Extant taxon, extant fish species. The largest confirmed individual had a length of . The whale shark holds many records for ...

(''Rhincodon typus'') *

Zebra shark The zebra shark (''Stegostoma tigrinum'') is a species of carpet shark and the sole member of the family Stegostomatidae. It is found throughout the tropical Indo-Pacific, frequenting coral reefs and sandy flats to a depth of . Adult zebra shar ...

(''Stegostoma tigrinum'')

Ground sharks

Blacknose shark The blacknose shark (''Carcharhinus acronotus'') is a species of requiem shark, belonging to the family Carcharhinidae, common in the tropical and subtropical waters of the western Atlantic Ocean. This species generally inhabits coastal seagrass, ...

(''Carcharhinus acronotus'') *

Grey reef shark The grey reef shark or gray reef shark (''Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos'', sometimes misspelled ''amblyrhynchus'' or ''amblyrhinchos'') is a species of requiem shark, in the family (biology), family Requiem shark, Carcharhinidae. One of the most com ...

(''Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos'') *

Whitecheek shark The whitecheek shark or widemouth blackspot shark (''Carcharhinus dussumieri'') is a requiem shark of the family Carcharhinidae, found in the Indo-West Pacific Ocean between latitudes 34°N and 25°S. It can reach a length of 1 m. It fee ...

(''Carcharhinus dussumieri'') * Smoothtooth blacktip shark (''Carcharhinus leiodon'') *

Dusky shark The dusky shark (''Carcharhinus obscurus'') is a species of requiem shark, in the family Carcharhinidae, occurring in tropical and warm-temperate continental seas worldwide. A generalist apex predator, the dusky shark can be found from the coas ...

(''Carcharhinus obscurus'') *

Caribbean reef shark The Caribbean reef shark (''Carcharhinus perezi'') is a species of requiem shark, belonging to the family Carcharhinidae. It is found in the tropical waters of the western Atlantic Ocean from Florida to Brazil, and is the most commonly encounte ...

(''Carcharhinus perezi'') *

Sandbar shark The sandbar shark (''Carcharhinus plumbeus''), also known as the brown shark or thickskin shark, is a species of requiem shark, and part of the family Carcharhinidae, native to the Atlantic Ocean and the Indo-Pacific. It is distinguishable by i ...

(''Carcharhinus plumbeus'') *

Night shark The night shark (''Carcharhinus signatus'') is a species of requiem shark, in the family Carcharhinidae, found in the temperate and tropical waters of the Atlantic Ocean. An inhabitant of the outer continental shelf and upper continental slope, ...

(''Carcharhinus signatus'') * Winghead shark (''Eusphyrna blochii'') *

Blackspotted catshark The blackspotted catshark (''Halaelurus buergeri'') is a species of shark belonging to the family Pentanchidae, the deepwater catsharks. It is found in the waters off the coasts of Japan, Korea, China, and Taiwan between latitudes 39° N and 20 ...

(''Halaelurus buergeri'') * Happy Eddie (''Haploblepharus edwardsii'') *

Indonesian houndshark The Indonesian houndshark (''Hemitriakis indroyonoi'') is a species of houndshark in the genus ''Hemitriakis''.

(''Hemitriakis indroyonoi'') *

Sharpfin houndshark The sharpfin houndshark (''Triakis acutipinna'') is a houndshark of the family Triakidae. Only two specimens have been found, both in the coastal waters of Ecuador, the longest one being 1.02 m in length. The reproduction of this houndshark is o ...

(''Hemitriakis acutipinna'') *

Japanese topeshark The Japanese topeshark (''Hemitriakis japanica'') is a species of houndshark, in the family Triakidae. It can reach a length of up to 1.1 m. It is found in the subtropical northwest Pacific from China, Taiwan, Korea, and Japan, between latitude ...

(''Hemitriakis japanica'') *

Honeycomb Izak The honeycomb Izak or Natal Izak (''Holohalaelurus favus'') is a species of shark belonging to the family Pentanchidae, the deepwater catsharks. This species is found in the Western Indian Ocean, near South Africa South Africa, official ...

(''Holohalaelurus favus'') * African spotted catshark (''Holohalaelurus punctuatus'') *

Broadfin shark The broadfin shark (''Lamiopsis temminckii'') is a tropical whaler shark, characterized by the broad shape of its pectoral fins. They are classified as requiem sharks of the family Carcharhinidae. This is one of two species in the genus ''Lamiops ...

(''Lamiopsis temminckii'') *

Borneo broadfin shark The Borneo broadfin shark or broadfin shark (''Lamiopsis tephrodes'') is a species of requiem shark, and part of the family Carcharhinidae. See also *List of sharks Shark is the naming term of all members of Selachimorpha suborder in the su ...

(''Lamiopsis tephrodes'') * Spotless smoothhound (''Mustelus griseus'') * Smalleye smoothhound (''Mustelus higmani'') * Starspotted smoothhound (''Mustelus manazo'') * Venezuelan dwarf smoothhound (''Mustelus minicanis'') * Common smoothhound (''Mustelus mustelus'') * Whitenose shark (''Nasolamia velox'') * Sharptooth lemon shark (''Negaprion acutidens'') *

Straight-tooth weasel shark The straight-tooth weasel shark, ''Paragaleus tengi'', is a weasel shark of the family Hemigaleidae, found in the tropical western Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five Borders of the oceans, oce ...

(''Paragaleus tengi'') *

Atlantic weasel shark The Atlantic weasel shark (''Paragaleus pectoralis'') is a weasel shark of the family Hemigaleidae, found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean. Also known as the little tiger shark, it is the only species of the genus ''Paragaleus'' to have been recorde ...

(''Paragaleus pectoralis'') *

Bonnethead The bonnethead (''Sphyrna tiburo''), also called a bonnet shark or shovelhead, is a small member of the hammerhead shark genus ''Sphyrna'', and part of the family Sphyrnidae. It is an abundant species in the littoral zone of the North Atlantic a ...

(''Sphyrna tiburo'') * Banded houndshark (''Triakis scyllium'')

Mackerel sharks

* Shortfin mako (''Isurus oxyrinchus'') * Longfin mako (''Isurus paucus'') *

Pelagic thresher The pelagic thresher (''Alopias pelagicus'') is a species of thresher shark, family Alopiidae; this group of sharks is characterized by the greatly elongated upper lobes of their caudal fins. The pelagic thresher occurs in the tropical and subt ...

(''Alopias pelagicus'') *

Basking shark The basking shark (''Cetorhinus maximus'') is the second-largest living shark and fish, after the whale shark. It is one of three Planktivore, plankton-eating shark species, along with the whale shark and megamouth shark. Typically, basking sh ...

(''Cetorhinus maximus'')

Dogfishes

Gulper shark The gulper shark (''Centrophorus granulosus'') is a long and slender dogfish usually about three feet in length generally found in deep, murky waters all around the world. It is a light grayish brown, paler ventrally, with a long snout and la ...

(''Centrophorus granulosus'') * Dumb gulper shark (''Centrophorus harrissoni'') * Blackfin gulper shark (''Centrophorus isodon'') * African gulper shark (''Centrophorus lesliei'') * Longfin gulper shark (''Centrophorus longipinnis'') * Leafscale gulper shark (''Centrophorus squamosus'') * Mosaic gulper shark (''Centrophorus tessellatus'') * Little gulper shark (''Centrophorus uyato'') * Angular roughshark (''Oxynotus centrina'') * Japanese shortnose spurdog (''Squalus brevirostris'') * Greeneye spurdog (''Squalus chloroculus'') * Taiwan spurdog (''Squalus formosus'') * Japanese spurdog (''Squalus japonicus'') *

Shortspine spurdog The shortspine spurdog (''Squalus mitsukurii'') is a dogfish, a member of the family Squalidae, found on continental shelves off Japan in temperate In geography, the temperate climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes (approximate ...

(''Squalus mitsukurii'')

Angel sharks

Species

Skates

* Eyespot skate (''Atlantoraja cyclophora'') * La Plata skate (''Atlantoraja platana'') * Graytail skate (''Bathyraja griseocauda'') * Mottled skate (''Beringraja pulchra'') * Grey skate (''Dipturus canutus'') * Yellownose skate (''Dipturus chilensis'') * Maugean skate (''Dipturus maugeanus'') * Roughskin skate (''Dipturus trachydermus'') * Sandy skate (''Leucoraja circularis'') *

Winter skate The winter skate (''Leucoraja ocellata'') is a globally endangered species of skate found in the surrounding waters of northeastern North America. They inhabit shallow shelf waters and are prone to becoming a bycatch during commercial fishing. ...

(''Leucoraja ocellata'') * Twineye skate (''Raja ocellifera'') * Rough skate (''Raja radula'') * Undulate skate (''Raja undulata'') *

Bottlenose skate The bottlenose skate, spearnose skate, or white skate (''Rostroraja alba'') is a species of Skate (fish), skate in the family Rajidae. It is a benthic fish native to the coastal eastern Atlantic Ocean. Due to overfishing, it has been depleted or ...

(''Rostroraja alba'')

Rays

* Longhead eagle ray (''Aetobatus flagellum'') * Whitespotted eagle ray (''Aetobatus narinari'') * Ocellate eagle ray (''Aetobatus ocellatus'') * Ornate eagle ray (''Aetomylaeus vespertilio'') * Mottled eagle ray (''Aetomylaeus maculatus'') * Giant manta ray (''Mobula birostris'') * Longhorned pygmy devil ray (''Mobula eregoodoo'') * Atlantic devil ray (''Mobula hypostoma'') * Shortfin devil ray (''Mobula kuhlii'') * Spinetail devil ray (''Mobula mobular'') *

Chilean devil ray The Chilean devil ray (''Mobula tarapacana''), also known as the box ray, greater Guinean mobula, sicklefin devil ray or the spiny mobula, is a species of ray in the family Mobulidae. It is often observed worldwide, basking just below the surface ...

(''Mobula tarapacana'') * Bentfin devil ray (''Mobula thurstoni'') * Giant freshwater whipray (''Urogymnus polylepis'') * White-edge whipray (''Fluvitrygon signifer'') * Coach whipray (''Himantura uarnak'') * Bleeker's whipray (''Pateobatis bleekeri'') * Sharpnose whipray (''Maculabatus macrura'') *

Marbled whipray The marbled whipray (''Fluvitrygon oxyrhynchus'') is a little-known species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae, native to several freshwater rivers in Southeast Asia. This species has an oval pectoral fin disc with an elongated, pointed snout ...

(''Fluvitrygon oxyrhynchus'') * Round whipray (''Maculabatus pastinacoides'') *

Roughback whipray The roughback whipray (''Fluvitrygon kittipongi'') is a rare species of freshwater stingray in the family Dasyatidae, found over sandy bottoms in the Mae Klong and Chao Phraya Rivers of Thailand. Growing no more than across, this small ray has ...

(''Fluvitrygon kittapongi'') * Whitespotted whipray (''Maculabatis gerrardi'') * Tubemouth whipray (''Urogymnus lobistoma'') * Whitenose whipray (''Himantura uarnacoides'') * Javan whipray (''Bevitrygon javaensis'') * Honeycomb whipray (''Himantura undulata'') * Narrow cowtail ray (''Pastinachus gracilicaudus'') * Roughnose cowtail ray (''Pastinachus solocirostris'') *

Javanese cownose ray The flapnose ray or Javanese cownose ray (''Rhinoptera javanica'') is a species of fish in the family Rhinopteridae. It is found in the Indo-Pacific off China, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mozambique, Pakistan, the Philipp ...

(''Rhinoptera javanica'') * Oman cownose ray (''Rhinoptera jayakari'') * Mekong stingray (''Hemitrygon laosensis'') * Seret's butterfly ray (''Gymnura sereti'') * Spiny butterfly ray (''Gymnura altaveri'') * Zonetail butterfly ray (''Gymnura zonura'') *

Groovebelly stingray The groovebelly stingray (''Dasyatis hypostigma''), referred to as the butter stingray by fishery workers, is a species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae. It is found over sandy or muddy bottoms in shallow coastal waters off southern Brazil, ...

(''Dasyatis hypostigma'') * Atlantic chupare (''Styracura schmardae'') * Coastal stingaree (''Urolophus orarius'') * Raya Amazonica (''Potamotrygon tigrina'') * Indian sharpnose ray (''Telatrygon crozieri'') * Venezuelan round ray (''Urotrygon venezuelae'') * Chinese stingray (''Hemitrygon sinensis'') * Large-eye stingray (''Hypanus marinae'')

Sawfish and guitarfish

* Greyspot guitarfish (''Acroteriobatus leucospilus'') * Knifetooth sawfish (''Anoxypristis cuspidata'') * Dwarf sawfish (''Pristis clavata'') * Chola guitarfish (''Pseudobatos percellens'') * Borneo guitarfish (''Rhinobatos borneensis'') * Ringed guitarfish (''Rhinobatos hynnicephalus'') * Indonesian guitarfish (''Rhinobatos penggali'') * Shortnose guitarfish (''Zapteryx brevirostris'')

Torpedo rays

* Chinese fanray (''Platyrhina sinensis'') * Tonkin numbfish (''Narcine prodorsalis'') * West African torpedo (''Torpedo mackayana'') * Rosette torpedo (''Torpedo bauchotae'') * Aden torpedo (''Torpedo adenensis'')

Ray-finned fishes

Subpopulations *''Squatina guggenheim'' (1 subpopulation)

Mackerel sharks

Subpopulations *

(''Cetorhinus maximus'') (2 subpopulations) *

Porbeagle The porbeagle or porbeagle shark (''Lamna nasus'') is a species of mackerel shark in the family Lamnidae, distributed widely in the cold and temperate marine waters of the North Atlantic and Southern Hemisphere. In the North Pacific, its ecolo ...

(''Lamna nasus'') (1 subpopulation)

Rays and skates

Ground sharks

Species Subpopulations *

Sicklefin lemon shark The sicklefin lemon shark (''Negaprion acutidens'') or sharptooth lemon shark is a species of requiem shark belonging to the family (biology), family Carcharhinidae, widely distributed in the tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific. It is closely rel ...

(''Negaprion acutidens'') (1 subpopulation) *

Scalloped hammerhead The scalloped hammerhead (''Sphyrna lewini'') is a species of hammerhead shark in the family (biology), family Hammerhead shark, Sphyrnidae. It was originally known as ''Zygaena lewini''. The Greek language, Greek word ''sphyrna'' translates into ...

(''Sphyrna lewini'') (3 subpopulations)

Carpet sharks

(''Rhincodon typus'')

Squaliformes

Species * Dumb gulper shark (''Centrophorus harrissoni'') Subpopulations *

Spiny dogfish The spiny dogfish (''Squalus acanthias''), spurdog, mud shark, or piked dogfish is one of the best known species of the Squalidae (dogfish) family of sharks, which is part of the Squaliformes order. While these common names may apply to several ...

(''Squalus acanthias'') (2 subpopulations)

Lampreys

Turkish brook lamprey Turkish may refer to: * Something related to Turkey ** Turkish language *** Turkish alphabet ** Turkish people, a Turkic ethnic group and nation *** Turkish citizen, a citizen of Turkey *** Turkish communities in the former Ottoman Empire * The wo ...

(''Lampetra lanceolata'')

Ray-finned fishes

There are 592 species, ten subspecies, and three subpopulations of ray-finned fish assessed as endangered.

Salmoniformes

Species Subpopulations *

Sockeye salmon The sockeye salmon (''Oncorhynchus nerka''), also called red salmon, kokanee salmon, blueback salmon, or simply sockeye, is an anadromous species of salmon found in the Northern Pacific Ocean and rivers discharging into it. This species is a ...

(''Oncorhynchus nerka'') (12 subpopulations)

Silversides

Toothcarps

There are 65 species and nine subspecies of toothcarp assessed as endangered.

Pupfish

Species Subspecies * Dead Sea toothcarp (''Aphanius dispar richardsoni'')

Nothobranchiids

Species Subspecies

Poeciliids

Other toothcarp species

Cypriniformes

Cypriniformes includes carps, minnows, loaches and relatives. There are 245 species in the order Cypriniformes assessed as endangered.

Ellopostomatids

*''

Ellopostoma mystax ''Ellopostoma mystax'', the enigmatic loach, is a small, endangered species of freshwater fish originally placed in the family Balitoridae, but now generally in Ellopostomatidae. ''E. mystax'' is only found in Thailand in the basins of the Tapi ...

Hillstream loaches

True loaches

Cyprinids

Psilorhynchids

*''

Psilorhynchus microphthalmus ''Psilorhynchus microphthalmus'' is a freshwater ray-finned fish, a torrent minnow. It is restricted to the Chapki Stream in the Chindwin basin of Manipur, India. It is found in flowing water with a rock substrate. This species is threatened f ...

Suckers

Osmeriformes

Species Subspecies *'' Plecoglossus altivelis ryukyuensis''

Catfishes

Perciformes

There are 133 species and one subpopulation in the order Perciformes assessed as endangered.

Cichlids

Percids

Epinephelids

Gobies

Other Perciformes

Species Subpopulations *

Swordfish The swordfish (''Xiphias gladius''), also known as the broadbill in some countries, are large, highly migratory predatory fish characterized by a long, flat, pointed bill. They are the sole member of the Family (biology), family Xiphiidae. They ...

(''Xiphias gladius'') (1 subpopulation)

Osteoglossiformes

Characiformes

Tetraodontiformes

Other ray-finned fishes

Species Subpopulations *

White sturgeon White sturgeon (''Sinosturio transmontanus'') is a species of sturgeon in the family Acipenseridae of the order Acipenseriformes. They are an anadromous (migratory) fish species ranging in the Eastern Pacific; from the Gulf of Alaska to Monterey, ...

(''Acipenser transmontanus'') (1 subpopulation)

Hagfishes

*'' Myxine paucidens'' *'' Paramyxine taiwanae''

References

01 *Fish

Endangered An endangered species is a species that is very likely to become extinct in the near future, either worldwide or in a particular political jurisdiction. Endangered species may be at risk due to factors such as habitat loss, poaching, inv ...

Endangered fish In September 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) listed 643 endangered fish species. Of all evaluated fish species, 4.2% are listed as endangered. The IUCN also lists ten fish subspecies as endangered. Of the subpo ...

Endangered fishes *Fish {{bots, deny=BG19bot,Yobot