Geophagini is a

tribe The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide use of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. The definition is contested, in part due to conflict ...

cichlid Cichlids () are a large, diverse, and widespread family of percomorph fish in the family Cichlidae, order Cichliformes. At least 1,760 species have been scientifically described, making it one of the largest vertebrate families, with on ...

s from the

subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily names with "-oideae", and zo ...

Cichlinae The Cichlinae are a subfamily of fishes in the Cichlidae, cichlid family, native to Centra America, Central and South America. This subfamily consists of approximately 117 described species as of July 2017. Some authors have suggested that the ...

, the American cichlids. It is the sister taxon to the clade which includes the Cichlasomatini and

Heroini Heroini is a fish tribe from the Cichlasomatinae subfamily in the family Cichlidae (cichlids). All cichlids native to the Greater Antilles, United States (southern Texas), Mexico and northern Central America are members of this tribe. It also in ...

. Fishes in the Geophagini are distributed from Panama south to Argentina, it is the most speciose of the seven tribes within the Cichlinae and it is subdivided into three sub-tribes, Acarichthyina, Crenicaratina, and Geophagina which together contain over 200 species. Geophagines show morphological and behavioural specialisations to enable them to sift the substrates within their mouths so that they can separate

benthic The benthic zone is the ecological region at the lowest level of a body of water such as an ocean, lake, or stream, including the sediment surface and some sub-surface layers. The name comes from the Ancient Greek word (), meaning "the depths". ...

invertebrates from substrates dominated by sand or silt.

Classification

The Geophagini are classified as follows: * Subtribe Acarichthyina Kullander, 1998 ** Genus '' Acarichthys'' C. H. Eigenmann, 1912 ** Genus '' Guianacara'' Kullander & Nijssen, 1989 * Subtribe Crenicaratina Kullander, 1998 ** Genus '' Biotoecus'' C. H. Eigenmann & C. H. Kennedy, 1903 ** Genus '' Crenicara'' Steindachner, 1875 ** Genus '' Crenicichla'' Heckel, 1840 ***Now split into '' Hemeraia'', '' Lugubria'', '' Saxatilia'' and '' Wallaciia'' ** Genus '' Dicrossus'' Steindachner, 1875 ** Genus '' Teleocichla'' Kullander, 1988 * Subtribe Geophagina Haseman, 1911 ** Genus ''

Apistogramma ''Apistogramma'' is a large genus of freshwater fish in the family (biology), family Cichlidae native to South America, but also commonly kept in Freshwater aquarium, aquariums. They are dwarf cichlids that mostly feed on tiny animals and have b ...

'' Regan, 1913 ** Genus '' Apistogrammoides'' Meinken, 1965 ** Genus '' Biotodoma'' C. H. Eigenmann & C. H. Kennedy, 1903 ** Genus ''

Geophagus ''Geophagus'' is a genus of cichlids that mainly live in South America as far south as Argentina and Uruguay, but a single species, ''G. crassilabris'' is from Panama.Mattos, J.L.O., Costa, W.J.E.M. & Santos, A.C.A. (2015): ''Geophagus diamantin ...

'' Heckel, 1840 ** Genus ''

Gymnogeophagus ''Gymnogeophagus'' is a genus of cichlid fishes from South America, where they are known from various river basins (notably Rio de la Plata and Lagoa dos Patos– Mirim) in southern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and northern Argentina. They are part ...

'' Miranda-Ribeiro, 1918 ** Genus '' Mazarunia'' Kullander, 1990 ** Genus '' Mikrogeophagus'' Meulengracht-Madsen, 1968 ** Genus '' Satanoperca'' Günther, 1862 ** Genus '' Taeniacara'' G. S. Myers, 1935

References

{{taxonbar, from =Q134264 Cichlinae Fish tribes