ED4 (Electric train Demikhovskiy 4-th modification) are a series of Russian electric trainsets, in production since 1996. The trains are produced by

DMZ A demilitarized zone (DMZ or DZ) is an area in which treaties or agreements between states, military powers or contending groups forbid military installations, activities, or personnel. A DZ often lies along an established frontier or boundary ...

and currently in service on RZD lines in almost every part of the

country A country is a distinct part of the world, such as a state, nation, or other political entity. When referring to a specific polity, the term "country" may refer to a sovereign state, state with limited recognition, constituent country, ...

and former

USSR The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

states.

Production history

The ED4 was designed to accommodate Russia's need for a domestically produced electric train-set. Russia's most widely exploited electric trains, the ER1 and ER2 series, were produced by the

Rīgas Vagonbūves Rūpnīca Rīgas Vagonbūves Rūpnīca (RVR) was a Latvian rail and tram vehicle manufacturer, most notable for its multiple unit trains and tram vehicles used throughout the Soviet Union and its successor states. It has been insolvent and non-operat ...

(RVR) plant in

Latvia Latvia, officially the Republic of Latvia, is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is one of the three Baltic states, along with Estonia to the north and Lithuania to the south. It borders Russia to the east and Belarus to t ...

before the collapse of the

. Design work began in 1996 on the basis of the earlier ED2 series, which were largely equipped with RVR components. Electronic equipment for the new train was manufactured by The

Novocherkassk Electric Locomotive Plant Novocherkassk Electric Locomotive Plant (NEVZ, ), established in 1936, is based in the Russian town of Novocherkassk, Rostov Region. It is now (2015) part of Transmashholding. NEVZ locomotives haul trains transporting 80% of all cargo on the elec ...

, while the drive-train was built in

Novosibirsk Novosibirsk is the largest city and administrative centre of Novosibirsk Oblast and the Siberian Federal District in Russia. As of the 2021 Russian census, 2021 census, it had a population of 1,633,595, making it the most populous city in Siber ...

. ED4 train-cars are nearly identical to those used by both the ER29, and ED2T trains, differing mainly in having notably wider doors. After successfully completing testing, the first train entered service at the

Mineralnye Vody Mineralnye Vody (Min-Vody) ( rus, Минеральные Воды (Мин-Воды), p=mʲɪnʲɪˈralʲnɨjə ˈvodɨ, mʲɪn ˈvodɨ; lit. ''mineral waters'') is a town in Stavropol Krai, Russia, located along the Kuma River and the main rail ...

Depot of the

North Caucasus Railway The North Caucasus Railway () is a broad gauge Russian railway network that links the Sea of Azov (in the west) and Caspian Sea (in the east). It runs through ten federal subjects: Rostov Oblast, Krasnodar Krai, Stavropol Krai, Republic of Ad ...

. Only 5 trains carry the early ED4 identification, as the second variant, ED4M, began exclusive production thereafter. The main difference between the two trains is the equipment and shape of the operator's compartment. Four of the early ED4 trains are in currently in service on the

Moscow Railway Moscow Railway () is a subsidiary of Russian Railways that handles half of Russia's suburban railway operations and a quarter of the country's passenger traffic. As of 2009 the railway, which has its headquarters near Komsomolskaya Square in Mosc ...

, one on the North Caucasian Railway, and one in

Belgorod Belgorod (, ) is a city that serves as the administrative center of Belgorod Oblast, Russia, located on the Seversky Donets River, approximately north of the border with Ukraine. It has a population of It was founded in 1596 as a defensiv ...

Variants and modifications

ED4M

ED4M¹

ED4M-500 Series on Kurskiy terminal station

ED4MK

ED4MKu

ED4MKM

ED4MKM-AERO

Mechanically almost identical to the ED4MKM, these trains have an updated interior, modified for the needs of airport commuters. The AERO trains are in service in Moscow and St.Petersburg, serving the Domodedovo, Vnukovo, Sheremtyevo and

Pulkovo Pulkovo may refer to: *Pulkovo Heights marking the southern limit of Saint Petersburg, Russia *Pulkovo Airport serving Saint Petersburg, Russia * Pulkovo Aviation Enterprise, a former (until 2006) state airline based in Saint Petersburg, Russia *Pu ...

airports, respectively. The modified door mechanisms of the AERO were used on all later ED4M trains.Video
/ref>

ED4E

References

External links

ЭД4М на сайте Демиховского машиностроительного завода
– Website of the Demikhovo Machine-building plant (Russian)

(Russian)
Презентация первого частного электропоезда повышенной комфортности ЭД4МКу-0151
(Russian)
RZD ED4M @ Trainspo

AEX ED4MKM-Aero @ Trainspo
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ed4 (Electric Trainset) Electric multiple units of Russia Electric multiple units of Ukraine Train-related introductions in 1997 3000 V DC multiple units