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The Toyota Dyna () is a light to medium-duty
cab over Cab-over, also known as cab over engine (COE), cab forward or flat face (U.S.), flat nose (Canada), or forward control (UK), is a body style of truck, bus, or van that has a vertical front, "flat face" or a hood (vehicle), semi-hood, with the ...
truck for commercial use. In the Japanese market, the Dyna is sold alongside its twin called the Toyoace. The Toyoace was a renaming of the Toyopet SKB Truck as a result of a 1956 public competition with 200,000 entries. "Dyna" is short for dynamic. The Dyna was originally available in Japan only at ''
Toyota Diesel Store Toyota vehicles in Japan are distributed to numerous dealership chains throughout the country. Up to May 2020, each dealership chain had a different product offering, with some models restricted to one chain to maintain exclusivity. Since May 2020 ...
'' locations, then later available at ''Toyota Store'' locations, while the Toyoace twin was available at ''Toyopet Store'' locations. The Dyna was also sold as the Daihatsu Delta and the
Hino Dutro The Hino Dutro () is a light commercial truck manufactured by Hino Motors. It is a rebadged version of the Toyota Dyna. Like the Dyna and its twin Toyota ToyoAce, ToyoAce, the 1st generation Dutro was built on the U300 platform for the standard c ...
. In Japan, its traditional competitors are the
Isuzu Elf The is a medium duty truck produced by Isuzu since 1959. Outside Japan it is known as N series and Q Series. The range was originally mainly available in Japan and other Asian countries. Australia was another important market for the Elf and N ...
, the Mitsubishi Fuso Canter and the Nissan Atlas. The former
Central Motors Central Motor Co., Ltd. was a Japanese manufacturer of cars within the Toyota Group. It was founded on 4 September 1950 by Ryuichi Tomiya. The company operated five plants, all located in Japan. It was one of the biggest export vehicle manufactu ...
produced the Dyna Route Van from April 1957 to June 1967.


History


RK52

The Toyopet Route Truck RK52 was the contributing platform of the Dyna. A new Toyota Japanese dealership was established to sell the Toyopet Toyoace series SKB called ''
Toyopet Store Toyota vehicles in Japan are distributed to numerous dealership chains throughout the country. Up to May 2020, each dealership chain had a different product offering, with some models restricted to one chain to maintain exclusivity. Since May 2020 ...
'', which also introduced a sedan version of this platform called the
Toyopet Master The Toyopet Master, introduced in January 1955, is a passenger car that was an evolution of the earlier Toyota SA#SF, Toyota SF/RH sedan (also known as the Super) with a modernized body. As with its predecessor, the Master has a ladder frame truck ...
.


RK60 – RK80

Second generation of Toyopet Route Truck, Designed by
Kanto Auto Works was a Japanese car manufacturer. It was a member of the Toyota Group. In July 2012, Kanto Auto Works and two other Toyota subsidiaries were merged to form Toyota Motor East Japan. History In April 1946, Kanto Auto Works was established in Y ...
, Ltd. The frame was shared with the Toyopet Masterline RK23
pickup truck A pickup truck or pickup is a Truck_classification#Table_of_US_GVWR_classifications, light or medium duty truck that has an enclosed cabin (truck), cabin, and a back end made up of a cargo bed that is enclosed by three low walls with no roof (th ...
and the
Toyota Stout The Toyota Stout is a light truck produced by the Japanese automaker Toyota from 1954 through 2000. The Stout shared its platform with the Toyota Dyna until 1968, when the Dyna was given its own platform, called the Toyota "U". In Japan, it was so ...
. The Toyopet Route Truck was renamed as the Toyota Dyna in April 1959. Although it shared the same platform as the Toyoace, its appearance is more similar to its other derivative, the Daihatsu Delta.The K20 Series Toyoace was produced until the Y10 Series arrived. It was sold as Toyota PK25 Truck for the export market.


K170 (1963–1968)

The original semi-cab over Dyna was replaced by the new model K170 series in September 1963, with a leaner design with quadruple headlights. The Dyna RK170 also provided the basis for the RK170B Toyota Light Bus, and was built on the chassis of the
Stout Stout is a type of dark beer that is generally warm fermented, such as dry stout, oatmeal stout, milk stout and imperial stout. Stout is a type of ale. The first known use of the word "stout" for beer is in a document dated 1677 in the E ...
. It also had the Stout's 1.9-litre 3R-B engine. The
Isuzu Elf The is a medium duty truck produced by Isuzu since 1959. Outside Japan it is known as N series and Q Series. The range was originally mainly available in Japan and other Asian countries. Australia was another important market for the Elf and N ...
was introduced in a diesel version in 1960, a version which proved successful enough to relegate the Dyna to second place in sales. Even the new Dyna didn't restore the Dyna's lead, until in March 1964 the J-engined (2,336 cc, OHV) diesel-engined JK170 was added to the lineup. A long wheelbase, version with twinned rear wheels was also available (RK175), as was a route van (glazed minivan) version.


U10 (1969–1977)

The Dyna platform was changed to the Toyota "U" platform after the merger of
Hino Motors Hino Motors, Ltd., commonly known as Hino, is a Japanese manufacturer of commercial vehicles and diesel engines (including those for trucks, buses and other vehicles) headquartered in Hino, Tokyo. The company was established in 1942 as a corpora ...
in 1966. The engines available for this series is either a 2.0-liter model 5R gasoline engine rated at , a 3.0-liter inline-four B, or the inline-six 3.6-liter model H diesel. The H diesel is rated at and was only available in the heavier duty three-tonne truck version, which has a top speed of . The B diesel offers . The three-tonne Dyna was presented in August 1969. Short (10-series) and long wheelbase trucks (15-series), as well as route vans (minibus) were available. Fitted with the 2.0-liter 5R engine rated at , the Dyna was marketed in many export markets such as Australia as well, with single or twinned rear wheels. The
Toyota Coaster The is a single-decker minibus produced by Toyota Motor Corporation. It was introduced in 1969, with the second generation introduced in 1982, followed by the third generation in 1992 and the fourth generation in late 2016. In Japan, the Coa ...
bus line had the same chassis and also used the U10-series chassis codes. A heavy duty version called the
Toyota Massy Dyna The Toyota Massy Dyna (トヨタ・マッシーダイナ) is a four-tonne medium-duty truck built by Toyota between 1969 and 1979. It could seat three. The chassis was developed by Toyota, with the Toyota Auto Body subsidiary designing the bodywor ...
was first introduced in September 1969.


Daihatsu Delta

A rebodied version of the U10 Dyna was also sold as the first-generation Daihatsu Delta 1500 or 2000, depending on the weight ratio. Chassis codes are SV17 for the 12R-engined Delta 1500, DV23 for the 5R petrol model (2000) and DV28 for the B-engined Delta 2000 diesel. The Delta 2000 was also available with a 2.5-litre Daihatsu DG diesel engine; this carries the DV26 chassis code. In Australia, there was also a petrol inline-four engine available.


U20 / Y20 Series


2 – 3 tonner

U20, U30, U40 & U50 Series (1977–1984) The U20 is a four-wheel truck (this chassis code was also used for the Route Van), the U30 is a longer wheelbase version, while the heavier U40 and U50 have a wider cab. These models have twin rear wheels and mostly use Toyota's 3.0-liter Inline-four diesel B engine. The 5R petrol engine was also available in some markets, rated at . As with predecessor, this model was also marketed as the Daihatsu Delta, although this one was the first to be sold with Hino badging - as the
Ranger 2 Ranger 2 was a flight test of the Ranger spacecraft system of the NASA Ranger program designed for future lunar and interplanetary missions. Ranger 2 was designed to test various systems for future exploration and to conduct scientific observatio ...
or Ranger 3 depending on the weight rating in metric tons. A version of this truck, with standard or crew cabs, entered production in China in 1983 as the Fuzhou FZ131. The Dyna-based FZ131 was to become a mainstay of Fuzhou Automobile Works' production through the 1980s with a production of 211 units, being succeeded by the next generation Dynas (still using the FZ131 name). Production ended in 1989 as they were lowering in sales and demand.


1 – 1.5 tonner

Y20 – 40 Series (1979–1985) The new smaller ToyoAce with Y20 chassis was launched in 1979, while the Dyna was still using the U-platform. This was the fourth-generation ToyoAce in Japan. In certain export markets, the ToyoAce was sold as Dyna, and offered in single and double cabin bodystyles.


Dyna Rino Y30 & Y40 Series (1984–2002)

In 1984, Toyota introduced the Dyna Rino in
Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, ...
. The light single rear wheel version was built on Y30 platform, and the twin rear wheel version was coded Y40. Early models have round headlights and 3.4-liter 3B and 13B engines. The facelift models with rectangular headlights, BU are powered by 3.7-liter 14B engines. The Indonesian market Dyna Rino remained in production until 2002.


Daihatsu Delta

This model was also sold as the Daihatsu Delta, in a range of 1.5 to 2.5 tonne payloads. The engines are Daihatsu's own 2.0-liter petrol and 2.5-liter diesel units. The second generation Delta went on sale in Australia at the end of December 1977.


U60-U90 Series (1984-1994) / Y50-Y60 Series (1985-1995)


1 – 1.5 tonner

Y50 and 60 Series (1985–1995) The lighter Y Series was introduced in May 1985. Portugal's Salvador Caetano assembled the LY60 Dyna as the 150, using Toyota's 2L engine, a diesel inline-four.


2 – 3.5 tonner

U60 – 90 Series (1984–1994) The U60 - 90 series Dyna was released for the Japanese market in September 1984. In addition to the 3.0-litre B-type, 3.4-litre 13B and turbocharged 13B-T, and 4.0-litre 1W diesel engine, the 2.0-litre 3Y gasoline, and LPG-powered 3Y-P engines were also offered. New for this generation were the "full just-low" flat deck for easier and lower loading, passenger car-like floor transmission shift, and for the vehicle with the 1W diesel engine, the "one-touch super-shift mechanism which allowed to shift from economy to power drive. The first BU-series (Dyna 200/300/400, 1984–88) used quad round headlights. From 1989 onwards, the Dyna had quad rectangular headlights and one piece door glass with new interior door trim and other minor interior changes. All wide cab models had a centrally mounted roof vent and had 3 windscreen wipers. The 3.4-litre 3B, 3.4-litre (direct injected) 13B and 3.7-litre 14B diesel engines with direct injection were used in the Dyna 200 and Dyna 300, a 5-speed gearbox was standard while a 4-speed automatic transmission with a 2-way overdrive mode was available as an option. The Dyna 300 was equipped with an exhaust brake. Front, ventilated twin piston disc brakes were optional on the first series wide cab Dyna 300. In Portugal, the 3B-engined Dyna 250 (BU84) was assembled locally. Toyota Dyna Y50 007.JPG, Pre-facelift Toyota Dyna 150 (Y50-series, Japan) Toyota Dyna U60 011.JPG, Facelift Toyota Dyna 200 wide cab (U60-series, Japan) Toyota Dyna 100 2.4d 1986 (17026640050).jpg, Toyota Dyna 100 (Y50-series, Chile) Marton Rural Fire - Flickr - 111 Emergency (1).jpg, Facelift Toyota Dyna 200 double cab (New Zealand)


U100, 200 / Y100 Series (1995–2002)

The sixth generation of the Dyna was introduced on 11 May 1995. New additions to the engines included the 5.3-liter J05C directed injected diesel engine along with a four valve 4.1-liter 15B-F engine. The diesel engines were designed to comply with new vehicle emissions standards. Additions to the petrol engines included a 2.7-litre four valve 3RZ-FE engine as well as an LPG variant of the same engine with a code of 3RZ-FP. Exterior changes included new cab designs along with redesigned electrically controlled wing mirrors, new turn signals and new thermo plastic steel steps. On the interior, new adjustable seat belts were added with a reclining angle of 31 degrees along with a new dashboard. The braking and suspension systems were improved for enhanced performance. A new cab style called the grand cab was added to the line up in addition to the standard cab which was similar to the 4.0 tonne model but had extended deck space. In 1997, a new cab style called the Super Low Cab was added to the range which features the cab ahead of the front axle. The cabin was moved forward by and the floor was lowered by for increased deck space. As with many other generations of the Dyna, this generation was also assembled in
Ovar Ovar ( or ) is a city and a municipality in Aveiro District, Baixo Vouga Subregion in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 55,398, in an area of 147.70 km2. It had 42,582 eligible voters (2006). The municipality includes two cities: Ovar (16 ...
, Portugal, by Toyota's local partner Caetano for local sales.


U300 – U400 Series (1999–2021) and Hino Dutro

The seventh generation Dyna was introduced in May 1999 and was jointly developed by Toyota and Hino. The
Hino Dutro The Hino Dutro () is a light commercial truck manufactured by Hino Motors. It is a rebadged version of the Toyota Dyna. Like the Dyna and its twin Toyota ToyoAce, ToyoAce, the 1st generation Dutro was built on the U300 platform for the standard c ...
sold as a result was a rebadged Toyota Dyna. The cabins were made more aerodynamic, spacious and curved. New headlamps were installed to continue the cabin aesthetic. Interior quality as well as the dashboard were improved and made more ergonomic. The front suspension was modified and a new liquid sealed cab mount improved ride quality. The wheelbase was the longest in its class at . Changes to the engine line up included the addition of a turbocharger to the 4.1-litre diesel engine. The Dyna and its twin Toyoace and Dutro were built on the U300 platform for Standard Cab, or U400 platform for the Wide Cab. The Dyna Route Van/Dutro Vans are essentially standard Toyota HiAce (H100) van bodies mated with the Dyna/Dutro truck chassis. Even though they were built on the U300 and U400 platforms, for marketing purpose these models still used the Dyna 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, and 350 names, indicating payload. The Dyna 100 was available with a D-4D common rail turbo diesel engine offering . The Dyna 150 is a chassis/cab version of the Dyna truck, with twin rear wheels, and an uprated engine, shared with the HiLux and HiAce. In June 2000, the LPG engine was revised and a new gasoline engine rated at was added to the lineup. In September 2002, a low emissions model was introduced for use in metropolitan areas. In May 2003, the engines were revised to comply with the 2001 vehicle emissions regulations. In September of the same year, a Hybrid model was added to the lineup. The Dyna/Dutro underwent a minor revision in May 2004 which resulted in the introduction of the common rail diesel fuel injection system as well as the EGR (for gasoline powered models) and DPR (for diesel powered models) systems. In July of the same year, the engine of the 1.0 tonne model was updated to engine rated at . Nakagawa 20210610-04.jpg, Pre-facelift Toyota Dyna standard cab (Japan) Toyota Dyna crew cab.jpg, Pre-facelift Toyota Dyna double cab (U300; Europe) Toyota Dyna Route-van 001.JPG, Toyota Dyna Route Van (Y300; Japan) Toyota Dyna Route-van 002.JPG, Rear view of Route Van 2016-2021 Toyota Dyna.jpg, 2016-2021 facelift Dyna (Japan) DynaWU340LT.jpg, Pre-facelift Dyna 125LT (Indonesia) 2011 Toyota Dyna 110ET 4.0 WU342R (20200121).jpg, Facelift Dyna 110ET (Indonesia) In September 2006, the engines of the 2.0 and 4.0 tonne models were made to comply with the Low Gas Vehicle Emissions regulations. In October 2006, the Hybrid model was revised for low emissions and was now eligible for tax reductions while the range underwent a facelift. In May 2007, a new diesel engine rated at was added to the range. The LPG models were made to comply with 2005 Vehicle Emissions Regulations. The Dyna/Dutro also received a new vertical grille. In May 2010, the diesel engines had an increased torque rating while the manual transmission was upgraded from a 5-speed unit to a 6-speed unit for improved fuel economy. These vehicles have emission levels which meet the stringent
Euro IV The European emission standards are vehicle emission standards that regulate pollution from the use of new land surface vehicles sold in the European Union and European Economic Area member states and the United Kingdom, and ships in Europea ...
requirements which took effect in Europe in 2005, in
Singapore Singapore, officially the Republic of Singapore, is an island country and city-state in Southeast Asia. The country's territory comprises one main island, 63 satellite islands and islets, and one outlying islet. It is about one degree ...
in October 2006, and were applied in Japan from February 2007. Beginning in 2003, Portuguese-made Dynas entered the rest of the European market – hitherto they had only been for local consumption.


U600 - U800 series (2011–present)

The eighth generation of the Dyna debuted in May 2011 and was based on the second-generation Hino Dutro. The lineup consists of the U600, U700, and U800. The exterior was made more aerodynamic and the interior quality was improved over the previous generation. In the hybrid models a diesel engine rated at was paired with an electric motor rated at which also serves as the starter motor. A new 5-speed automatic transmission was introduced which worked like a conventional automatic transmission with two paddles. In March 2015, Salvador Caetano announced the cessation of Dyna assembly in Portugal, as the truck did not meet the Euro 6 emissions standards and would not be marketable within the European Union. Instead, a V6 petrol version of the Land Cruiser entered assembly, intended for sales in Africa. 1,664 Dynas were assembled in 2014, with 355 more scheduled for completion in 2015 before the switch was complete.


See also

*
Hino Dutro The Hino Dutro () is a light commercial truck manufactured by Hino Motors. It is a rebadged version of the Toyota Dyna. Like the Dyna and its twin Toyota ToyoAce, ToyoAce, the 1st generation Dutro was built on the U300 platform for the standard c ...
*
Hino Ranger The Hino Ranger () is a medium or heavy duty commercial truck produced by Hino Motors since 1964. In the domestic market, its principal competitors are Isuzu Forward, Nissan Diesel Condor, Nissan Diesel/UD Condor and Mitsubishi Fuso Fighter. Out ...
*
List of hybrid vehicles This is a list of hybrid vehicles. A hybrid could theoretically have any two power sources, but hybrid vehicles have typically combined an internal combustion engine with a Electric battery, battery and electric motor(s). This list includes ...


References


External links


Toyota Dyna official website
Japanese) ; Video
The first Toyota Dyna Advertisement
(
YouTube YouTube is an American social media and online video sharing platform owned by Google. YouTube was founded on February 14, 2005, by Steve Chen, Chad Hurley, and Jawed Karim who were three former employees of PayPal. Headquartered in ...
) {{Daihatsu timeline Dyna Cab over vehicles