Duterte Diehard Supporters

Diehard Duterte Supporters (DDS) is a label popularly associated with (and also adopted by) the supporters of the 16th president of the Philippines, Rodrigo Duterte, who they see as a necessary strongman. The term was popularized during the 2016 presidential elections and has since been used to refer to the most "diehard" among Duterte's loyalists. The term is also commonly used by his opposition to refer to people who they allege to be engaging in internet trolling and disruptive behaviour online to defend Duterte.

Its initialism, DDS, was taken directly from the Davao Death Squad—an alleged vigilante group that had existed in Davao City during Duterte's term as mayor.

Ideology

As their self-appellation suggests, the DDS are identified by their unwavering loyalty to Rodrigo Duterte and his daughter, Sara Duterte, rather than alignment to any particular political-economic ideology. The DDS mirror Duterte's policy stances and shifts, even when such shifts contradict his self-identification as a socialist and membership in a democratic socialist party, PDP–Laban. Accordingly, observers have described the DDS as a right-wing populist or even far-right phenomenon the existence of which preserves the ''status quo''. Such an assertion has been demonstrated by the expansion in recent years of the historical and religiously informed cultural hostility toward left-wing politics in the country as the Philippines has been described as the most right-wing country in the world, Palatino, R. (2017, May 2). ''Is the Philippines' Duterte really a leftist?'' The Diplomat. https://thediplomat.com/2017/05/is-the-philippines-duterte-really-a-leftist/ Lalu, G. P. (2021, January 19). UP students poke fun at DND's claims campuses are communist recruitment centers. ''Philippine Daily Inquirer''. https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1385865/up-students-poke-fun-at-dnds-claims-that-campuses-are-communist-recruitment-grounds which had been previously reserved for the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP) but which had during Duterte's presidency begun to include national-democratic, social-liberal and even centrist organizations such as the Makabayan, Akbayan and Liberal parties, respectively.

In common with Duterte's original support base outside Manila,Lorenzana, L. M. C. (2021, February 10). Duterte's time running out—monumental failures. ''Manila Times''. https://www.manilatimes.net/2021/02/10/opinion/columnists/dutertes-time-running-out-monumental-failures/838741/ the DDS had been enthusiastic about the subsequently derailed transition to a federal form of government through constitutional reform. Some within the DDS, disillusioned by both the social doctrines of the Catholic Church and the sanctimoniousness of the professional–managerial class (PMC), may have also stood behind left-leaning causes such as the redefinition of civil marriage, which Duterte had also supported but has since backtracked on.Reginio, M. K. (n.d.). ''Group says Duterte's LGBT promises "empty"''. Kodao Productions. https://kodao.org/group-says-dutertes-lgbt-promises-empty/ The DDS have also mirrored calls made by some core supporters for the installation of a revolutionary government with Duterte as leader. Such calls, however, have been motivated less by a willingness to pursue systemic transformation than by a desire for greater participation in the ''status quo''.

Behavior

The DDS are distinguished by their uninhibited use of rabid and vitriolic speech, which mirrors Duterte's own.Hegina, A. J. (2016, April 18). Analyst: PH should fear "loose cannon" Duterte. ''Philippine Daily Inquirer''. https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/780101/analyst-ph-should-fear-loose-cannon-duterte Escalona, K. A. (2018, July 19). ''Duterte's war on tongues''. New Mandala. https://www.newmandala.org/dutertes-war-tongues/ They respond to the slightest criticism of Duterte with accusations of bias, drug addict, shilling, wokescolding, CPP membership or sympathizing with the New People's Army (NPA), notwithstanding Duterte's own tactical dealings with the National Democratic Front of the Philippines (NDFP) during his mayorship of Davao. The DDS usually engage in online bullying and harassment against all activists, as well as the Otso Diretso electoral alliance, Vice President Leni Robredo, and even fellow Dutertists suspected of disloyalty, often by issuing threats or tagging them implicitly for punishment. '' Dilawan'' and ''pulahan''Pamalakaya. (2020, May 31). '' Anti-terrorism bill intends the people to be a "flock of sheep" —groups''. https://angpamalakaya.org/2020/05/31/anti-terrorism-bill-intends-the-people-to-be-a-flock-of-sheep-groups/ are two of the slurs most frequently employed to shut down or gaslight those marked for harassment. The DDS, despite Duterte's claims to being a socialist, have also participated in amplified smear campaigns directed against organizers of and contributors to COVID-19 mutual-aid efforts.Terraloza, V. E. (2021, April 20). PNP 'profiling' of community pantry organizers slammed. ''Manila Bulletin''. https://mb.com.ph/2021/04/20/pnp-profiling-of-community-pantry-organizers-slammed/ Del Mundo, R. (2021, April 21). ''Mutual aid, community pantries bring out the best in Filipinos and the worst in Duterte's inhumane regime''. Philippine Revolution Web Central. https://cpp.ph/statements/mutual-aid-community-pantries-bring-out-the-best-in-filipinos-and-the-worst-in-dutertes-inhumane-regime/ It is for these reasons that the DDS are collectively considered even by otherwise sympathetic analysts as a successful hate group. In midst of the arrest of Duterte done by the International Criminal Court, DDS flooded social media platforms with posts and comments that show loyalty and gratitude to Duterte as well as calling his critics "drug addict."

International Criminal Court (ICC) Judge Iulia Motoc, presiding over the case against former Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte, has been targeted by his supporters online. Following Duterte's initial hearing on March 14, 2025, these supporters inundated Motoc's LinkedIn account with comments demanding his release and return to the Philippines. Additionally, misinformation circulated, falsely linking Motoc to the Marcos family through misidentified photographs. Critics also questioned her suitability based on her use of French during proceedings, despite her proficiency in multiple languages. Legal experts warn that such actions could negatively impact Duterte's case, as attempts to harass or manipulate court officials may be considered offenses against the administration of justice under Article 70 of the Rome Statute.

Long before the DDS' ascent to national prominence,Clapano, J. R. (2012, July 14). Groups spearheading black propaganda to smear Binay's image. ''Philippine Star''. https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2012/07/14/827669/groups-spearheading-black-propaganda-smear-binays-image Cabañes, J. V. A., & Cornelio, J. S. (2017)
The rise of trolls in the Philippines (and what we can do about it)
. In N. Curato (Ed.), ''A Duterte reader: Critical essays on the early presidency of Rodrigo Duterte'' (pp. 233–252). Ateneo de Manila University Press. however, certain PMC actors themselves had allegedly orchestrated smear campaigns, known locally as "black propaganda", through SMS and other means against disfavored politicians and unapproved-of election candidates.Herrera, C. F. (2016, March 18). Drilón, AMLC, Inquirer tagged in "conspiracy". ''Manila Standard''. https://www.manilastandard.net/news/top-stories/202003/drilon-amlc-inquirer-tagged-in-conspiracy-.html Magno, A. (2015, October 26). Smear. ''Philippine Star''. https://www.philstar.com/opinion/2015/10/26/1515264/smear Such derision has been described as a desire on the part of members of the PMC to "want to humiliate their adversaries by attributing to them a desperate lack of intelligence, empathy, and virtue".Liu, C. (2021). ''Virtue hoarders: The Case against the Professional Managerial Class''. University of Minnesota.

Organizational representation

Several organizations and social-media communities bear the DDS initialism as a way of signifying unapologetic allegiance to Duterte. Some of these are the Duterte Youth, Pederalismo ng Dugong Dakilang Samahan (PDDS) and Partido Federal ng Pilipinas (PFP). These organizations claim to represent sectors of Philippine society marginalized by those who had taken power through the first EDSA Revolution and betrayed by those behind the second.Magsalin, S. (2020, March 31). ''Towards an anarchism in the Philippine archipelago''. Southeast Asian Anarchist Library. https://sea.theanarchistlibrary.org/library/simoun-magsalin-towards-an-anarchism-in-the-philippine-archipelago-en

Global context

The DDS is part of an ascendant global far right; indeed, members find affinity with right-wing populist movements across the globe and their respective leaders. Fraser, N. (2017, January 2). The end of progressive neoliberalism. ''Dissent''. https://www.dissentmagazine.org/online_articles/progressive-neoliberalism-reactionary-populism-nancy-fraser In the academic and popular discourse, parallels had been drawn between the DDS and other strongman populist movements such as Erdoğanism in Turkey, Bolsonarism in Brazil and Trumpism in the United States, among many others, notwithstanding the uniqueness of the conditions that give rise to and, in turn, motivate each of them. For instance, it has been demonstrated that popular support for Duterte has been driven to a significant extent by expatriate workers resentful of having to support themselves and their families from abroad, a motivating factor only partially shared by workers in core countries. Also, Filipino culture is more susceptible to strongmen, as in the ancient Philippines, tribal leaders needed a cult-like following to maintain power. In addition, far-right beliefs are prominent in Filipino culture.

See also

* Ferdinand Marcos' cult of personality
* Noynoying
* Mocha Uson Blog
* Pinoy pride

Notes

References

{{Rodrigo Duterte

Cults of personality
Fandom
Internet trolls
Exceptionalism
Hate speech
Filipino anti-communists
Far-right politics in Asia
Right-wing populism in Asia
Diaspora studies
Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte