The National Day of the Republic of China, also referred to as Double Ten Day or Double Tenth Day, is a

public holiday A public holiday, national holiday, federal holiday, statutory holiday, bank holiday or legal holiday is a holiday generally established by law and is usually a non-working day during the year. Types Civic holiday A ''civic holiday'', also k ...

on 10 October, now held annually as national day in the

Republic of China Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia. The main geography of Taiwan, island of Taiwan, also known as ''Formosa'', lies between the East China Sea, East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocea ...

(ROC, commonly known as Taiwan). It commemorates the start of the

Wuchang Uprising The Wuchang Uprising was an armed rebellion against the ruling Qing dynasty that took place in Wuchang (now Wuchang District of Wuhan) in the Chinese province of Hubei on 10 October 1911, beginning the Xinhai Revolution that successfully overthr ...

on 10 October 1911 which ultimately led to the establishment of the

on 1 January 1912, and the collapse of the imperial

Qing dynasty The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing, was a Manchu-led Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China and an early modern empire in East Asia. The last imperial dynasty in Chinese history, the Qing dynasty was preceded by the ...

, ending 2,133 years of imperial rule of China since the

Qin dynasty The Qin dynasty ( ) was the first Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China. It is named for its progenitor state of Qin, a fief of the confederal Zhou dynasty (256 BC). Beginning in 230 BC, the Qin under King Ying Zheng enga ...

. The day was once held as public holiday in

mainland China "Mainland China", also referred to as "the Chinese mainland", is a Geopolitics, geopolitical term defined as the territory under direct administration of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the aftermath of the Chinese Civil War. In addit ...

during the Mainland Period of the ROC before 1949. The subsequent

People's Republic of China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...

continues to observe the Anniversary of the Xinhai Revolution at the same date but not as a

, which emphasize more on its revolutionary characteristics as commemoration of a historical event rather than celebration to the founding of the Republic of China. Following the consequence of the

Chinese Civil War The Chinese Civil War was fought between the Kuomintang-led Nationalist government, government of the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic of China and the forces of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Armed conflict continued intermitt ...

, the ROC government lost control of

to the

Chinese Communist Party The Communist Party of China (CPC), also translated into English as Chinese Communist Party (CCP), is the founding and One-party state, sole ruling party of the People's Republic of China (PRC). Founded in 1921, the CCP emerged victorious in the ...

and retreated to the island of Taiwan in December 1949. The National Day is now mainly celebrated in

Taiwan Area The Taiwan Area, also called the Taiwan Area of the Republic of China, the free area of the Republic of China, and the "Tai-Min Area (Taiwan and Fuchien)" , is a term used to refer to the territories under the effective control of the Rep ...

, thus the name “Taiwan National Day” is also used by some groups, but it is also celebrated by many overseas Chinese communities.

Names

Double Ten Day can be referred to variety of names such as the National Day of China or Chinese National Day when the ROC was in power in mainland China and as the internationally recognized government of "China" until the 1970s. Another name Taiwan National Day, is also used but in dispute as the ROC was founded in 1912, contemporarily Taiwan was ruled by

Japan Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea ...

. The name "Taiwan National Day" has been criticized by former ROC president

Ma Ying-jeou Ma Ying-jeou ( zh, t=馬英九; pinyin: ''Mǎ Yīngjiǔ''; ; born 13 July 1950) is a Taiwanese politician, lawyer, and legal scholar who served as the sixth president of the Republic of China from 2008 to 2016. A member of the Kuomintang (KMT ...

Celebration in Taiwan

During the establishment of the

, Taiwan and Penghu were under Japanese rule, which began in 1895. In 1945, after surrender of the

Empire of Japan The Empire of Japan, also known as the Japanese Empire or Imperial Japan, was the Japanese nation state that existed from the Meiji Restoration on January 3, 1868, until the Constitution of Japan took effect on May 3, 1947. From Japan–Kor ...

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

, Taiwan and Penghu were placed under the control of the ROC. In Taiwan, the official celebration begins with the raising of the

flag of the Republic of China The flag of the Republic of China, commonly called the flag of Taiwan, consists of a red field with a blue canton bearing a white disk surrounded by twelve triangles; said symbols symbolize the sun and rays of light emanating from it, res ...

in front of the Presidential Office Building, along with a public singing of the

National Anthem of the Republic of China The "National Anthem of the Republic of China", also known by its incipit "Three Principles of the People", is the national anthem of the Republic of China, commonly called Taiwan, as well as the party anthem of the Kuomintang. It was adop ...

. It is then followed by celebrations in front of the Presidential Office Building; from time to time, a military parade may occur. Festivities also include many aspects of traditional Chinese and/or Taiwanese culture, such as the

lion dance Lion dance ( zh, s=舞狮, t=舞獅, p=wǔshī, c=, first=t) is a form of traditional dance in Culture of China, Chinese culture and other Asian countries in which performers mimic a Asiatic lion, lion's movements in a lion costume to bring good l ...

and drum teams, and cultural features coming from

Taiwanese aborigines Taiwanese may refer to: * of or related to Taiwan **Culture of Taiwan **Geography of Taiwan ** Taiwanese cuisine *Languages of Taiwan ** Formosan languages ** Taiwanese Hokkien, also known as the Taiwanese language * Taiwanese people, residents of ...

are integrated into the display in recent years. Later in the day, the

president of the Republic of China The president of the Republic of China, also known as the president of Taiwan, is the head of state of the Taiwan, Republic of China (Taiwan), as well as the commander-in-chief of the Republic of China Armed Forces. Republic of China (1912– ...

would address the country and fireworks displays are held throughout the major cities of the island. In 2009, all government sponsored festivities for the Double Ten Day were cancelled, and the money intended for the festivals (NT$70 million) were reallocated for reconstruction of the damage done by

Typhoon Morakot Typhoon Morakot, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Kiko, was the wettest and deadliest typhoon to impact Taiwan in recorded history. The eighth named storm and fourth typhoon of the 2009 Pacific typhoon season, Morakot wrought catastrophic d ...

. In 2022 former President

, who opposes the styling of the holiday as Taiwan National Day, publicly called for current President

Tsai Ing-wen Tsai Ing-wen (; pinyin: ''Cài Yīngwén''; born 31 August 1956) is a Taiwanese politician and legal scholar who served as the seventh president of the Republic of China (Taiwan) from 2016 to 2024. A member of the Democratic Progressive Party ...

to stop using the name Taiwan National Day in material associated with the holiday. His view was criticized by Robert Tsao as obsolete. Because of the lack of direct relations between the origin of the holiday and Taiwan in modern Taiwan the holiday is widely believed to be slightly absurd but is still widely celebrated.

National Day Military Parade

File:1950 Double Ten Day.jpg, 1950 File:1965 Double Ten Parade Taipei.jpg, 1965: Students holding

Sun Yat-sen Sun Yat-senUsually known as Sun Zhongshan () in Chinese; also known by Names of Sun Yat-sen, several other names. (; 12 November 186612 March 1925) was a Chinese physician, revolutionary, statesman, and political philosopher who founded the Republ ...

placards File:M41 in Double Ten Day military parade 1966-10-10.jpg, 1966:

Republic of China Army The Republic of China Army ( Chinese, 中華民國陸軍) also known as the ROC Army (ROCA); colloquially the Taiwanese Army ( Chinese, 台湾陆军) by western or mainland Chinese media, or commonly referred as the National Military Army ( Chi ...

M41 light tanks parade in front of the Presidential Office File:October 10 2011Taiwancelebrationpic8.jpg, 2011: Marching cadets from the

ROC Military Academy The Republic of China Military Academy ( zh, t=中華民國陸軍軍官學校, p=Zhōnghúa Mīngúo Lùjūn Jūnguān Xúexiào, poj=Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Lio̍k-kun Kun-koaⁿ Ha̍k-hāu), also known as the Chinese Military Academy (CMA), is ...

Traditionally, the

Republic of China Armed Forces The Republic of China Armed Forces ( zh, t=中華民國國軍) are the national military forces of the Taiwan, Republic of China (ROC), which is now based primarily in the Taiwan Area but Republic of China (1912–1949), formerly governed Mai ...

(ROCAF) have staged a military parade. During prior parades, troops and equipment march past a reviewing platform in front of the Presidential Office Building. Typically, foreign

ambassadors An ambassador is an official envoy, especially a high-ranking diplomat who represents a state and is usually accredited to another sovereign state or to an international organization as the resident representative of their own government or so ...

, military officers, and other representatives and dignitaries are invited to view the parade. Following the

National Anthem A national anthem is a patriotic musical composition symbolizing and evoking eulogies of the history and traditions of a country or nation. The majority of national anthems are marches or hymns in style. American, Central Asian, and European ...

and the firing of a 21-gun salute, the parade commander, a general-ranked officer of any of the service branches of the ROCAF, would then be driven to the front of the grandstand to request permission from the President to commence the parade proper. Until 1975, the President also inspected the parade formations while riding a vehicle, as each battalion of the parade formations presented arms in the presence of the President and all the unit colours and guidons also dipped in their presence. After all the units in the ground column marched past the grandstand, they would reassemble at the center of the road for a holiday address delivered by the President to the ROCAF and the country, marking the close of the parade. The parade has been held intermittently during the period of the Republic of China on Taiwan. The military parade on 10 October 1949, was the first public military parade held in

Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia. The main geography of Taiwan, island of Taiwan, also known as ''Formosa'', lies between the East China Sea, East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocea ...

with

Chen Cheng Chen Cheng (; ; January 4, 1898 – March 5, 1965), courtesy name Tsi-siou (), was a Chinese political and military leader, and one of the main commanders of the National Revolutionary Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War and the Chinese C ...

serving as the Grand Review Officer. The 1964 National Day parade was struck by tragedy when a low flying

air force An air force in the broadest sense is the national military branch that primarily conducts aerial warfare. More specifically, it is the branch of a nation's armed services that is responsible for aerial warfare as distinct from an army aviati ...

F-104 Starfighter The Lockheed F-104 Starfighter is an American single-engine, supersonic interceptor. Created as a day fighter by Lockheed as one of the " Century Series" of fighter aircraft for the United States Air Force (USAF), it was developed into an all ...

fighter aircraft Fighter aircraft (early on also ''pursuit aircraft'') are military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat. In military conflict, the role of fighter aircraft is to establish air supremacy, air superiority of the battlespace. Domina ...

struck a

Broadcasting Corporation of China The Broadcasting Corporation of China (BCC) is a broadcasting company in the Republic of China (also known as Taiwan). It was founded as the Central Broadcasting System in Nanjing in 1928. History The Central Broadcasting System is considere ...

tower, causing the plane's fuel tank to fall and kill three people including a woman and her baby in front of the

Central Weather Bureau The Central Weather Administration (CWA; ) is the government meteorological research and forecasting institution of Taiwan (the Republic of China). In addition to meteorology, the Central Weather Administration also makes astronomical observation ...

building in downtown

Taipei , nickname = The City of Azaleas , image_map = , map_caption = , pushpin_map = Taiwan#Asia#Pacific Ocean#Earth , coordinates = , subdivision_type = Country ...

. The other two remaining F-104 aircraft were ordered to look for the crashed aircraft and accidentally collided and crashed in Tucheng City,

Taipei County New Taipei City is a Special municipality (Taiwan), special municipality located in regions of Taiwan, northern Taiwan. The city is home to an estimated population of 4,004,367 as of January 2023, making it the most populous city in Taiwan, a ...

(now

New Taipei City New Taipei City is a Special municipality (Taiwan), special municipality located in regions of Taiwan, northern Taiwan. The city is home to an estimated population of 4,004,367 as of January 2023, making it the most populous city in Taiwan, a ...

), killing both pilots. The parade was not held again until 1971 (the 60th anniversary), while the mobile column and flypast segments returned in 1975. When

Chen Shui-bian Chen Shui-bian ( zh, t=陳水扁; born 12 October 1950) is a Taiwanese former politician and lawyer who served as the fifth president of the Republic of China (Taiwan) from 2000 to 2008. Chen was the first president from the Democratic Progres ...

became president, the parade was not held until 2007 and then it was entitled a "Celebration Drill" and not a traditional military parade. Since

became president, one parade has been held on the centenary celebrations of the Double Tenth Day, and another on the 105th, the only one under Tsai Ing-wen's presidency. The tradition of shouting " Long live the Republic of China!" ( zh, t=中華民國萬歲, p=Zhonghua Mingguo Wansui!, labels=no) at the end of the addresses by the president of the Republic of China was not held for the first time in 2016. It was also the very year that fire and police services joined the parade for the first time in history, breaking the tradition of an exclusively-military parade to include personnel from civil uniformed services. } , , Chiang Kai-shek , , Taipei , , Tang Shou-chi , , 10,046 , , , - ! 1953 , , , Chiang Kai-shek , , Taipei , , Zhou Yuhuan , , 19,000 , , , - ! 1954 , , , Chiang Kai-shek , , Taipei , , Xu Rucheng , , , , Flyby aircraft was requisitioned for the defense of Quemoy during the

First Taiwan Strait Crisis The First Taiwan Strait Crisis (also known as the Formosa Crisis, the 1954–1955 Taiwan Strait Crisis, the Offshore Islands Crisis, the Quemoy-Matsu Crisis, and the 1955 Taiwan Strait Crisis) was a brief armed conflict between the People's Rep ...

, - ! 1955 , 光華演習 , , Chiang Kai-shek , , Taipei , , Cheng Wei-yuan , , , , , - ! 1956 , 光復演習 , , Chiang Kai-shek , , Taipei , , Liu Dinghan , , 21,500 , , , - ! 1957 , 中興演習 , , Chiang Kai-shek , , Taipei , , Hu Xin , , 12,000 , , , - ! 1960 , 鼎興演習 , , Chiang Kai-shek , , Taipei , , Chu Yuan-Cong , , , , , - ! 1961 , 復興演習 , , Chiang Kai-shek , , Taipei , , Cheng Wei-yuan , , , , ROC Fiftieth Anniversary (Golden Jubilee) , - ! ~~1962~~ , 復華演習, , , , Taipei , , , , , , Cancelled on September 11, 1962 , - ! 1963 , 復漢演習 , , Chiang Kai-shek , , Taipei , , Yuan Guo-Zheng , , 15,370 , , , - ! 1964 , 興漢演習 , , Chiang Kai-shek , , Taipei , ,

Hau Pei-tsun Hau Pei-tsun ( zh, c=郝柏村, p=Hǎo Bócūn, 8 August 1919 – 30 March 2020) was a Chinese politician and military officer who was the Premier of the Republic of China (ROC) from 1 June 1990 to 27 February 1993, and the longest-serving Chi ...

, , , , Two

F-104 The Lockheed F-104 Starfighter is an American single-engine, supersonic Interceptor aircraft, interceptor. Created as a day fighter by Lockheed Corporation, Lockheed as one of the "Century Series" of fighter aircraft for the United States Air ...

aircraft collided after an air formation, killing both pilots , - ! 1971 , , , Chiang Kai-shek , , Taipei , , , , , , First parade after 6 years absence, marked the 60th Anniversary of the ROC, ground column only present , - ! 1975 , 大漢演習 , ,

Yen Chia-kan Yen Chia-kan (; 23 October 1905 – 24 December 1993), also known as C. K. Yen, was a chemist and the second president of the Republic of China (Taiwan) from 1975 to 1978. A Kuomintang politician, he succeeded Chiang Kai-shek as the second pr ...

, , Taipei , , Zhang Jiajun , , ,
Full remastered video of 1975 National Day parade
, - ! 1978 , 漢威演習 , ,

Chiang Ching-kuo Chiang Ching-kuo (, 27 April 1910 – 13 January 1988) was a politician of the Republic of China. The eldest and only biological son of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, he held numerous posts in the government of the Republic of China and ended ...

, , Taipei , , Chiang Chung-ling , , , , Flypast cancelled due to rainy weather , - ! 1979 , , , Chiang Ching-kuo , , Taipei , , , , , , Ground column only present, air flypast and military mobile column cancelled
Full video of 1979 National Day parade
, - ! 1980 , , , Chiang Ching-kuo , , Taipei , , , , , , , - ! 1981 , 漢武演習 , , Chiang Ching-kuo , , Taipei , , Hsu Li-nung , , 11,966 , , ROC Seventieth Anniversar
(Part 1)(Part 2)(Part 3)(Part 4)(Part 5)(Part 6)
, - ! 1982 , , , Chiang Ching-kuo , , Taipei , , , , , , , - ! 1986 , , , Chiang Ching-kuo , , Taipei , , , , , , ROC Seventy-Fifth Anniversary (Diamond Jubilee) , - ! 1987 , 僑泰演習 , , Chiang Ching-kuo , , Taipei , , , , , , It was the last military parade held during Chiang Ching-kuo's administration. It was held on 11 October, the day after the Double Ten Day celebrations due to Chiang's ailing condition.
(Also the first since the abolition of Martial Law in Taiwan earlier that July.) , - ! 1988 , 光武演習 , ,

Lee Teng-hui Lee Teng-hui (; pinyin: ''Lǐ Dēnghuī''; 15 January 192330 July 2020) was a Taiwanese politician and agricultural scientist who served as the fourth president of the Republic of China, president of the Taiwan, Republic of China (Taiwan) unde ...

, , Taipei , , Chen Tingchong , , 13,166 , , ROC Seventy-Seventh Anniversar
(Part 1)(Part 2)(Part 3)(Part 4)
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(Part 1)(Part 2)(Part 3)(Part 4)
, - ! 2007 , 同慶操演 , ,

, , Taipei , , Wu Sihuai , , 3,000 , , Exhibitions presented on national defense, non-traditional military parade , - !

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, , Taipei , , , , 1,000+ , , The centennial event featured a skydiving show of 12 paratroopers of the Army Airborne Training Center above the plaza in front of the Presidential Office. Military parade involving 1,000+ personnel, 71 aircraft and 168 vehicles. On the part of the ground troops only the ROCAF Honor Guard Battalion and the ROCAF Composite Headquarters Band joined the parade on behalf of the armed forces. , - ! 2016 , 慶祥操演 , ,

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Lai Ching-te Lai Ching-te (; pinyin: ''Lài Qīngdé''; born 6 October 1959), also known as William Lai, is a Taiwanese politician and former physician who is currently serving as the eighth president of the Republic of China (Taiwan) since May 2024. He is ...

, , Taipei , , , , , ,

Full order of march past for National Day Parades until 1991

Until 1991, following the opening report by the Parade commander, usually a lieutenant general or vice admiral of the ROCAF, the massed military bands of the ROC Armed Forces, led by the Senior Drum Major, would take their positions in the parade, playing the ROC Armed Forces March, a medley of the official songs of the service branches of the armed forces. Then the parade would march past, in the following sequence, with minor variations over the years:

Ground column

* ROC Armed Forces Joint Honor Guard * Parade commander and staff * Joint Division of Armed Forces Academies ** Republic of China Military Academy ** Republic of China Naval Academy ** Republic of China Air Force Academy ** National Defense University College of Political Warfare Instruction ** ROC Air Force Institute of Technology ** Chung-cheng Armed Forces Preparatory School ** Army Academy R.O.C. * Contingent of personnel from the service branches ** ROCA combined divisional formation ** Composite brigade of ROCN personnel (including

Republic of China Marine Corps , image = File:Republic of China Marine Corp (ROCMC) Logo.svg , image_size = 150px , caption = Emblem of the Republic of China Marine Corps with the map of ROC claimed lands of m ...

) ** Composite group of ROCAF ground and air defense personnel **

Republic of China Military Police The Republic of China Military Police (ROCMP; zh, t=中華民國憲兵, informally the Taiwanese Military Police) is a military police force operating under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of National Defense (Republic of China), Ministry of ...

** Republic of China Joint Logistics Command ** Reserve and militia formations of the Republic of China Armed Forces Reserve * Female battalion of the College of Political Warfare Instruction *

Drum and Bugle Corps Drum and bugle corps is a name used to describe several related musical ensembles. * Drum and bugle corps (modern), a musical marching unit * Drum and bugle corps (classic), musical ensembles that descended from military bugle and drum units retur ...

of military educational institutions *

Taiwan Police College Taiwan Police College (TPC; ) is a police academy located within Wenshan District, Taipei, Taiwan. The academy is in charge for the education of basic police officers of Taiwan. The institution functions at a junior college level, and is resp ...

(formed part in past parades of the 1970s and 1980s)

Flypast

The parade's flypast segment was for many years organized in like manner as in the

Bastille Day military parade The Bastille Day military parade, also known as the 14 July military parade, translation of the French name of , is a French military parade that has been held on the morning of Bastille Day, 14 July, each year in Paris since 1880, almost with ...

. First, while the honor guard departs from the presidential grandstand the training, fighter and transport aircraft of the ROC Air Force, the transport and anti-submarine aircraft of ROCN Naval Aviation and transport planes of ROCA Army Aviation fly past first, followed by the helicopters of all three service branches, together with those of the

National Police Agency National Police may refer to the national police forces of several countries: *Afghanistan: Afghan National Police *Haiti: Haitian National Police *Canada: Royal Canadian Mounted Police *Colombia: National Police of Colombia *Cuba: National Revolut ...

National Fire Agency The National Fire Agency of the Ministry of the Interior (NFA; ) is a statutory agency under the Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of China (Taiwan). The agency provides emergency medical, fire prevention, firefighting and disaster rescue s ...

and

Coast Guard Administration The Coast Guard Administration of the Ocean Affairs Council (CGA), also operating as the ROC Coast Guard, is charged with maintaining law and order; protecting the resources of the territorial waters of the Republic of China (Taiwan), which surr ...

after the ground column segment is concluded.

Mobile column

The mobile column, for many years, served as a crowd favorite of National Day civil-military parades, since in this segment the ROC shows off to its people the advanced and modern military equipment and vehicles in service and those being introduced, many of them nationally produced, for use by the servicemen and women of the ROCAF, and since 2016, the state civil security institutions. As in every parade, the ROCMP's motorcycle column leads off the mobile column segment, followed by (as of 2016): * ROCN mobile column ** Republic of China Marine Corps ***

Amphibious Reconnaissance and Patrol Unit The Amphibious Reconnaissance and Patrol Unit (ARP) (); not to be confused with the other commando frogmen unit within the Republic of China Armed Forces (ROCAF)/(Taiwan); being the 101st Amphibious Reconnaissance Battalion of the Republic of Chi ...

*** Amphibious Armor Group ** Coastal and air defense formations of the Republic of China Navy * Republic of China Air Force mobile column ** Air defense guns and missiles ** Equipment and materiel, including air to air missiles * Mobile column of ROCA formations and equipment (order as of 1991, 2007, 2011 and 2016 parades) ** Anti-tank weapons ** Signals ** Armored cavalry ** CBRN defense ** ROCA Corps of Engineers ** Motorized and mechanized infantry ** Armored formations ** Logistical and combat support ** Air defense and missiles (mobile missile and gun systems and truck-towed systems) ** Towed guns of the field artillery ** Self propelled artillery (MRLs and self-propelled guns) ** Disaster risk and response vehicles and equipment for calamity response operations * National Police Agency ** Criminal Investigation Bureau vehicles and equipment ** NPA National Highway Police ** Mobile vehicles of the NPA's Special Police Corps * National Fire Agency vehicles and equipment * Coast Guard Administration small marine equipment and vehicles Alongside the military and civil security mobile column, in the parades of the 70s and 80s and in more recent parades, a civil mobile column is present, composed of vehicles from the automobile and truck companies, state-owned firms, and the private sector.

Celebrations outside the Republic of China

Mainland China and special administrative regions

File:Sun Yat Sen Commemorative Garden, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong 2017.jpg, 2017: Obelisk and Republic of China flags flying at Sun Yat Sen Commemorative Garden, Hong Kong File:Double Ten Day is celebrated in Hong Kong 2012.jpg, 2012 As the

became the official government of mainland China in 1949, 10 October is now celebrated in the

as the anniversary of the

Xinhai Revolution The 1911 Revolution, also known as the Xinhai Revolution or Hsinhai Revolution, ended China's last imperial dynasty, the Qing dynasty, and led to the establishment of the Republic of China (ROC). The revolution was the culmination of a decade ...

and the

. The former British colony of Hong Kong celebrated the ROC National Day as a

until the

government of the United Kingdom His Majesty's Government, abbreviated to HM Government or otherwise UK Government, is the central government, central executive authority of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

cut its diplomatic relations with the ROC Government as London recognized Beijing in 1950, shortly after the PRC's founding and it was postponed. The former Portuguese colony of Macau had celebrated the ROC national day as a

until the

government of Portugal A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a m ...

cut its relations as Lisbon recognizes Beijing in 1979. After the

civil war A civil war is a war between organized groups within the same Sovereign state, state (or country). The aim of one side may be to take control of the country or a region, to achieve independence for a region, or to change government policies.J ...

in mainland China, the National Day was celebrated in regions inhabited by Chinese patriots who remained loyal to the Republic. Before the sovereignty of

Hong Kong Hong Kong)., Legally Hong Kong, China in international treaties and organizations. is a special administrative region of China. With 7.5 million residents in a territory, Hong Kong is the fourth most densely populated region in the wor ...

was transferred to the PRC in 1997 and

Macau Macau or Macao is a special administrative regions of China, special administrative region of the People's Republic of China (PRC). With a population of about people and a land area of , it is the most List of countries and dependencies by p ...

also transferred in 1999, many ROC supporters there would display patriotic and colourful flags (mainly the national flag of ROC) to celebrate the National Day. Taiwan agencies in Hong Kong and Macau have annually held a public ceremony to celebrate the National Day of ROC with members of pro-ROC private groups. The day continues to be celebrated in Hong Kong and Macau after the transfer of sovereignty to the mainland, but the national flags publicly shown have been removed by Police of Hong Kong since July 1997 and by Police of Macau since December 1999. Flag-raising ceremony at

Hung Lau Hung Lau is a house built between 1905 and 1910 on former farmland in Pak Kok, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong. It was used by the Revive China Society () as a base for revolutionary activities against the Qing dynasty. Nature and locale It is a Heritage ...

, Tuen Mun, Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary base, is the most noticeable yearly event, organized by

Johnny Mak Johnny Mak Ip-sing (; born 1960) is a pro-ROC and pro-democracy politician in Hong Kong. He has been a Yuen Long District Councillor since 1991 and is the current Chairman of the Democratic Alliance. Biography Growing up in a pro-ROC bac ...

. Since 2020, the event was celebrated as the PRC's Anniversary of the Xinhai Revolution rather than the ROC's Double Ten Day in line with the holidays in mainland China.

Chris Tang Chris Tang Ping-keung (; born 4 July 1965) is a Hong Kong law enforcement administrator who has been serving as the Secretary for Security of Hong Kong since June 2021. Tang joined the Hong Kong Police Force in 1987 immediately after his gradu ...

claimed in September 2021 that celebrations in Hong Kong for Double Ten Day could risk breaching the national security law. The event in Macau is commemorated under the name of the Xinhai Revolution Memorial Day.

Other countries

File:Bannière pour jour du Double-Dix, Montréal.jpg,

Chinatown, Montreal Chinatown (, ) is a neighbourhood located in the area of De la Gauchetière Street in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The neighbourhood contains many Asian restaurants, food markets, and convenience stores as well being home to many of Montreal's East A ...

(2011) File:Drapeaux de la République de Chine pour jour Double-Dix, Montréal.jpg,

(2011) File:Chinatown scene, San Francisco, California LCCN2011636079.tif,

Chinatown, San Francisco The Chinatown (), centered on Grant Avenue and Stockton Street in San Francisco, California, is the oldest Chinatown in North America and one of the largest Chinese enclaves outside Asia. It is also the oldest and largest of the four nota ...

(2000) File:Double Ten LA Chinatown 2024.jpg,

Chinatown, Los Angeles Chinatown is a neighborhood in Downtown Los Angeles, California, that became a commercial center for Chinese and other Asian businesses in Central Los Angeles in 1938. The area includes restaurants, shops, and art galleries, but also has a resi ...

(2024)

Overseas Chinese Overseas Chinese people are Chinese people, people of Chinese origin who reside outside Greater China (mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan). As of 2011, there were over 40.3 million overseas Chinese. As of 2023, there were 10.5 milli ...

played a key role in the birth of the ROC since the nation's founding father

, a medical doctor by training, received financial support mainly from the overseas Chinese communities abroad to overthrow the imperial

and establish the second republic in Asia in 1912. Outside Taiwan, the National Day is also celebrated by many

communities. Sizable National Day parades occur yearly in the

Chinatowns Chinatown ( zh, t=唐人街) is the catch-all name for an ethnic enclave of Chinese people located outside Greater China, most often in an urban setting. Areas known as "Chinatown" exist throughout the world, including Europe, Asia, Africa, O ...

San Francisco San Francisco, officially the City and County of San Francisco, is a commercial, Financial District, San Francisco, financial, and Culture of San Francisco, cultural center of Northern California. With a population of 827,526 residents as of ...

and

Chicago Chicago is the List of municipalities in Illinois, most populous city in the U.S. state of Illinois and in the Midwestern United States. With a population of 2,746,388, as of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, it is the List of Unite ...

References

External links

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Republic of China Centenary Foundation
{{Public holidays in Taiwan October observances Public holidays in Taiwan 1911 Revolution Military parades Parades in Taiwan Anniversary of the Xinhai Revolution China, Republic of Autumn in Taiwan